CA1036849A - Apparatus for an expansion bolt - Google Patents
Apparatus for an expansion boltInfo
- Publication number
- CA1036849A CA1036849A CA247,659A CA247659A CA1036849A CA 1036849 A CA1036849 A CA 1036849A CA 247659 A CA247659 A CA 247659A CA 1036849 A CA1036849 A CA 1036849A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- bolt
- sleeve
- cone
- expansion
- cavity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
- F16B13/04—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
- F16B13/06—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve
- F16B13/063—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve by the use of an expander
- F16B13/065—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve by the use of an expander fastened by extracting the screw, nail or the like
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Dowels (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
An expansion bolt for attaching into a cavity which bolt is threaded at its outer end for cooperation with a nut and at its inner end is formed as a cone coaxial with the bolt the narrowest part of said cone being directed towards the outer end of the bolt, a cylindrical transition part at the bolt having a smaller diameter than the remainder of the bolt, the transition part being loosely surrounded by an expanding sleeve which is arranged to engage with the wall of the cavity when expanded by the insertion of the cone into the sleeve, the bolt having at least one more coaxial cone and a cylindrical transition part with surrounding expanding sleeve, whereby all the cones and transition parts are carried out in one piece with the bolt, and the expanding sleeve has a thickness of material of at least 0.1 times the outer diameter of the bolt.
An expansion bolt for attaching into a cavity which bolt is threaded at its outer end for cooperation with a nut and at its inner end is formed as a cone coaxial with the bolt the narrowest part of said cone being directed towards the outer end of the bolt, a cylindrical transition part at the bolt having a smaller diameter than the remainder of the bolt, the transition part being loosely surrounded by an expanding sleeve which is arranged to engage with the wall of the cavity when expanded by the insertion of the cone into the sleeve, the bolt having at least one more coaxial cone and a cylindrical transition part with surrounding expanding sleeve, whereby all the cones and transition parts are carried out in one piece with the bolt, and the expanding sleeve has a thickness of material of at least 0.1 times the outer diameter of the bolt.
Description
~0~49 The present inventlon relates to an expansion bolt for attaching into a cavity.
Such an expansion bolt includes a sleeve therearound and has cone-shaped part for expansion of the sleeve against the walls in a cavity in which the bolt is inserted. The holding force on the sleeve and thus on the total expansion bolt depends on the degree of piercing of the sleeve into the walls of the cavity.
Where the wall material is hard and has high strength the impression of the sleeve into the walls will only be small. The cone-shaped portion of the sleeve is thus prevented from being drawn through the sleeve. An increase of the pulling force on the bolt in such a case finally causes the bolt to break. Where the wall material is porous and has low strength the impression of the sleeve into the wall of the cavity becomes so large that the cone-shaped portion of the sleeve is drawn out through the sleeve. In this case the expansion bolt is unsuitable for its purpose.
With an expansion bolt for use with porous wall mater-ials having low strength the pressure from the sleeve towards the walls of the cavity must be distributed over a greater bearing surface than with an expansion bolt for hard wall materials. Accor-; ding tb the invention the bearing surface is increased by providing the expansion bolt with a plurality of sleeves and cones for expanding the sleeves. For substantially equal contributions to the holding force from all the sleeves during pulling on the bolt, the sleeves desirably should have the same expansion. The sleeve is also desirably constructed so as to be pressed particular-ly far into the wall of the cavity and thereby bear against a particularly large surface and thus has a large thickness of mat-erial. In order to achieve uniform impression of all sleeves it is desirable that they all have exactly the same length and that the associated cones, all have the same dimensions. It is a part-icular aspect of the invention that for achieving a high accuracy to size all the cones of the expansion bolt and the transition parts disposed between them are integral with the bolt for the remainder and that the expansion sleeve has a thickness of mater-ial of at least 0.1 times the outer diameter of the bolt.
According to the present invention therefore there is provided an expansion bolt for attaching into a cavity, said bolt at its outer end being threaded for cooperating with a nut and at its inner end being in the shape of a cone coaxial with the bolt, the narrowest part of said cone being directed towards the outer end of the bolt, a cylindrical transition part in the bolt having a diameter less than the remainder of the bolt, an expansion sleeve disposed loosely around the transition part which sleeve engages with the wall of the cavity when expanded by the insertion of the cone therein, and at least a further coaxial cone and associated cylindrical transition part with a surrounding expansion sleeve, all the cones and transition parts being integral with the bolt, and each expanding sleeve having a thickness of material of atleast 0.1 times the outer diameter of the bolt.
Tests with expansion bolts according to the invention has shown, that bven when these are inserted into walls of porous material, the sleeves and cones together give such a great holding force that the expansion bolt may be loaded with a pulling force which comes close to the breaking force of the shaft of the bolt.
In the cases that only part of the wall material is porous or that part of the bolt hole has a very great diameter so that one of the sleeves does not grip in the hole, another of the sleeves grips so that the expanding bolt is retained. An expansion bolt with only one sleeve and one cone would in such a situation not grip.
An expansion bolt according to the invention with a plurality of csnes is therefore superior to an expansion bolt with only a single sleeve and cone.
The present invention will be further illustrated by way of the accompanying drawings wherein:
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a complete expansion bolt with three sleeves and three cones, Figure 2 is a side elevation of the expansion bolt of Fig. 1 with its three cones but without the sleeves, Figure 3 is a side elevation of one of the sleeves and Figure 4 is an end view of the sleeve of Fig. 3.
The bolt 1 in Figures 1 and 2 is threaded at its outer end 2 in order to cooperate with a nut (not shown) and is at its inner end formed as three cones 3. Each cone 3 is coaxial with the bolt and has its narrowest part directed towards the outer end of the bolt. The widest part of each of the cones 3 terminate with a short cylindrical part 4, provided with a sharp edge for scraping away loose material during the insertion of the bolt in a cavity.
Between the cone 3 and the bolt there is a cylindrical transition part 5, the diameter of which is less than that of the bolt. At those parts of the transition parts 5 which are opposite to the cones 3 radially directed projections 6 are formed.
Each of the three cylindrical transition parts 5 of the bolt are surrounded by a sleeve 7 of uniformly thick material.
The sleeve 7 has an axial split 8 which extends through the whole length thereof. As is seen from Figure 3 the sleeve 7 is further provided with a plurality of notches 9 in the edge thereof which is adjacent the cone 3. The sleeve 7 is divided up by the notches 9 to form tips lO which may be bent outwardly against the wall of the cavity when inserting a cone 3 in the sleeve 7.
The sleeve 7 is made of especially thick material; as for example in one embodiment of the present invention the thickness of material of the sleeve 7 is 0.15 times the outer diameter of the bolt 1.
It is desirable to let the hardness of the wall material in which the expansion bolt 1 is to be fastened determine the 1036Bg9 number of sleeves 7 and cones 3 on the bolt 1. In certain cases an expansion bolt 1 with other than three sleeves 7 and cones 3 is preferable.
The cones 3 of the expansion bolt 1 have a cone angle, (see Figure 2) which angle with advantage is 22. The expansion bolt according to the invention can, of course, have a different cone angle.
Such an expansion bolt includes a sleeve therearound and has cone-shaped part for expansion of the sleeve against the walls in a cavity in which the bolt is inserted. The holding force on the sleeve and thus on the total expansion bolt depends on the degree of piercing of the sleeve into the walls of the cavity.
Where the wall material is hard and has high strength the impression of the sleeve into the walls will only be small. The cone-shaped portion of the sleeve is thus prevented from being drawn through the sleeve. An increase of the pulling force on the bolt in such a case finally causes the bolt to break. Where the wall material is porous and has low strength the impression of the sleeve into the wall of the cavity becomes so large that the cone-shaped portion of the sleeve is drawn out through the sleeve. In this case the expansion bolt is unsuitable for its purpose.
With an expansion bolt for use with porous wall mater-ials having low strength the pressure from the sleeve towards the walls of the cavity must be distributed over a greater bearing surface than with an expansion bolt for hard wall materials. Accor-; ding tb the invention the bearing surface is increased by providing the expansion bolt with a plurality of sleeves and cones for expanding the sleeves. For substantially equal contributions to the holding force from all the sleeves during pulling on the bolt, the sleeves desirably should have the same expansion. The sleeve is also desirably constructed so as to be pressed particular-ly far into the wall of the cavity and thereby bear against a particularly large surface and thus has a large thickness of mat-erial. In order to achieve uniform impression of all sleeves it is desirable that they all have exactly the same length and that the associated cones, all have the same dimensions. It is a part-icular aspect of the invention that for achieving a high accuracy to size all the cones of the expansion bolt and the transition parts disposed between them are integral with the bolt for the remainder and that the expansion sleeve has a thickness of mater-ial of at least 0.1 times the outer diameter of the bolt.
According to the present invention therefore there is provided an expansion bolt for attaching into a cavity, said bolt at its outer end being threaded for cooperating with a nut and at its inner end being in the shape of a cone coaxial with the bolt, the narrowest part of said cone being directed towards the outer end of the bolt, a cylindrical transition part in the bolt having a diameter less than the remainder of the bolt, an expansion sleeve disposed loosely around the transition part which sleeve engages with the wall of the cavity when expanded by the insertion of the cone therein, and at least a further coaxial cone and associated cylindrical transition part with a surrounding expansion sleeve, all the cones and transition parts being integral with the bolt, and each expanding sleeve having a thickness of material of atleast 0.1 times the outer diameter of the bolt.
Tests with expansion bolts according to the invention has shown, that bven when these are inserted into walls of porous material, the sleeves and cones together give such a great holding force that the expansion bolt may be loaded with a pulling force which comes close to the breaking force of the shaft of the bolt.
In the cases that only part of the wall material is porous or that part of the bolt hole has a very great diameter so that one of the sleeves does not grip in the hole, another of the sleeves grips so that the expanding bolt is retained. An expansion bolt with only one sleeve and one cone would in such a situation not grip.
An expansion bolt according to the invention with a plurality of csnes is therefore superior to an expansion bolt with only a single sleeve and cone.
The present invention will be further illustrated by way of the accompanying drawings wherein:
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a complete expansion bolt with three sleeves and three cones, Figure 2 is a side elevation of the expansion bolt of Fig. 1 with its three cones but without the sleeves, Figure 3 is a side elevation of one of the sleeves and Figure 4 is an end view of the sleeve of Fig. 3.
The bolt 1 in Figures 1 and 2 is threaded at its outer end 2 in order to cooperate with a nut (not shown) and is at its inner end formed as three cones 3. Each cone 3 is coaxial with the bolt and has its narrowest part directed towards the outer end of the bolt. The widest part of each of the cones 3 terminate with a short cylindrical part 4, provided with a sharp edge for scraping away loose material during the insertion of the bolt in a cavity.
Between the cone 3 and the bolt there is a cylindrical transition part 5, the diameter of which is less than that of the bolt. At those parts of the transition parts 5 which are opposite to the cones 3 radially directed projections 6 are formed.
Each of the three cylindrical transition parts 5 of the bolt are surrounded by a sleeve 7 of uniformly thick material.
The sleeve 7 has an axial split 8 which extends through the whole length thereof. As is seen from Figure 3 the sleeve 7 is further provided with a plurality of notches 9 in the edge thereof which is adjacent the cone 3. The sleeve 7 is divided up by the notches 9 to form tips lO which may be bent outwardly against the wall of the cavity when inserting a cone 3 in the sleeve 7.
The sleeve 7 is made of especially thick material; as for example in one embodiment of the present invention the thickness of material of the sleeve 7 is 0.15 times the outer diameter of the bolt 1.
It is desirable to let the hardness of the wall material in which the expansion bolt 1 is to be fastened determine the 1036Bg9 number of sleeves 7 and cones 3 on the bolt 1. In certain cases an expansion bolt 1 with other than three sleeves 7 and cones 3 is preferable.
The cones 3 of the expansion bolt 1 have a cone angle, (see Figure 2) which angle with advantage is 22. The expansion bolt according to the invention can, of course, have a different cone angle.
Claims (2)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. An expansion bolt for attaching into a cavity, said bolt at its outer end being threaded for cooperating with a nut and at its inner end being in the shape of a cone coaxial with the bolt, the narrowest part of said cone being directed towards the outer end of the bolt, a cylindrical transition part in the bolt having a diameter less than the remainder of the bolt, an expansion sleeve disposed loosely around the transition part which sleeve engages with the wall of the cavity when expanded by the insertion of the cone therein and at least a further coaxial cone and associated cylindrical transition part with a surrounding expansion sleeve all the cones and transition parts being integral with the bolt, and each expanding sleeve having a thickness of material of at least 0.1 times the outer diameter of the bolt.
2. A bolt according to claim 1, in which the expanding sleeve has a thickness of material of at least 0.15 times the outer diameter of the bolt.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE7503103*[A SE384071B (en) | 1975-03-19 | 1975-03-19 | DEVICE AT AN EXPANDER BOLT |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1036849A true CA1036849A (en) | 1978-08-22 |
Family
ID=20323998
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA247,659A Expired CA1036849A (en) | 1975-03-19 | 1976-03-11 | Apparatus for an expansion bolt |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS51117265A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1036849A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2607451A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK116376A (en) |
| FI (1) | FI52899C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2304813A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1517431A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1062926B (en) |
| NO (1) | NO142044C (en) |
| PL (1) | PL106039B1 (en) |
| SE (1) | SE384071B (en) |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2733007C2 (en) * | 1977-07-21 | 1987-03-19 | Hilti Ag, Schaan | Adhesive anchor |
| US4366651A (en) * | 1979-10-06 | 1983-01-04 | Newport Borough Council, Of Civic Centre | Fixing devices |
| SE420009B (en) * | 1979-12-21 | 1981-09-07 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | EXPANDER SCREW FOR FIXING IN A SPACE |
| NO159678C (en) * | 1982-05-14 | 1989-01-25 | Weidmann H Ag | MOUNTAIN SECURING ANCHOR. |
| GB2137712A (en) * | 1983-04-08 | 1984-10-10 | Perard Torque Tension Ltd | Rock bolt assembly |
| JPS6051312U (en) * | 1983-09-16 | 1985-04-11 | 清水建設株式会社 | hole-in anchor |
| US4688977A (en) * | 1984-01-13 | 1987-08-25 | Seetaram Joan P | Stud anchor |
| DE3637658A1 (en) * | 1986-11-05 | 1988-05-19 | Hilti Ag | SPREADING DOWEL WITH TWO DIFFERENT SPREADING ACCOUNTS |
| GB2212581B (en) * | 1987-11-17 | 1991-08-14 | Dom Holdings Plc | An anchor bolt or fixing |
| DE59004679D1 (en) * | 1989-11-04 | 1994-03-31 | Upat Max Langensiepen Kg | Anchor rod. |
| DE4333498A1 (en) * | 1993-10-01 | 1995-04-06 | Upat Max Langensiepen Kg | Expansion anchor |
| DE10020482A1 (en) * | 2000-04-26 | 2001-10-31 | Fischer Artur Werke Gmbh | Anchors for soft or porous building materials |
| US20100272536A1 (en) | 2009-04-22 | 2010-10-28 | Stanley Kaplan | Double collar wedge anchor |
| CN107956777A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-04-24 | 黄传勇 | A kind of polycyclic pull explosive screw |
| EP3636940A1 (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2020-04-15 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Expansion anchor with bulged zone |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB367547A (en) * | 1934-04-27 | 1932-02-25 | Noel Phillips | Improvements in expansion sockets for bolts for building and engineering purposes |
| US2139167A (en) * | 1938-06-24 | 1938-12-06 | George W Marshall | Bolt anchor |
| US3302509A (en) * | 1964-04-03 | 1967-02-07 | Henry J Modrey | Expansion anchor |
| DE1814485C3 (en) * | 1968-12-13 | 1980-09-04 | Hilti Ag, Schaan (Liechtenstein) | Fixing dowels |
-
1975
- 1975-03-19 SE SE7503103*[A patent/SE384071B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1976
- 1976-02-16 FI FI760371A patent/FI52899C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-02-24 DE DE19762607451 patent/DE2607451A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1976-03-09 GB GB9434/76A patent/GB1517431A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-03-11 CA CA247,659A patent/CA1036849A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-03-17 PL PL1976188007A patent/PL106039B1/en unknown
- 1976-03-17 DK DK116376A patent/DK116376A/en unknown
- 1976-03-18 IT IT21379/76A patent/IT1062926B/en active
- 1976-03-18 FR FR7607847A patent/FR2304813A1/en active Granted
- 1976-03-18 NO NO760957A patent/NO142044C/en unknown
- 1976-03-18 JP JP51029791A patent/JPS51117265A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE384071B (en) | 1976-04-12 |
| DE2607451A1 (en) | 1976-09-30 |
| NO760957L (en) | 1976-09-21 |
| NO142044C (en) | 1980-06-18 |
| FI52899C (en) | 1977-12-12 |
| FI760371A (en) | 1976-09-20 |
| GB1517431A (en) | 1978-07-12 |
| DK116376A (en) | 1976-09-20 |
| FR2304813B1 (en) | 1980-05-30 |
| NO142044B (en) | 1980-03-10 |
| IT1062926B (en) | 1985-02-11 |
| PL106039B1 (en) | 1979-11-30 |
| FR2304813A1 (en) | 1976-10-15 |
| JPS51117265A (en) | 1976-10-15 |
| FI52899B (en) | 1977-08-31 |
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