BE345034A - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- BE345034A BE345034A BE345034DA BE345034A BE 345034 A BE345034 A BE 345034A BE 345034D A BE345034D A BE 345034DA BE 345034 A BE345034 A BE 345034A
- Authority
- BE
- Belgium
- Prior art keywords
- fatty acids
- oils
- esters
- chlorinated
- higher fatty
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- BAECOWNUKCLBPZ-HIUWNOOHSA-N Triolein Natural products O([C@H](OCC(=O)CCCCCCC/C=C\CCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC/C=C\CCCCCCCC)C(=O)CCCCCCC/C=C\CCCCCCCC BAECOWNUKCLBPZ-HIUWNOOHSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010685 fatty oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940117972 Triolein Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003146 anticoagulant agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002708 enhancing Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002314 glycerols Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N Linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palmitic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Stearic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating Effects 0.000 description 2
- RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-KTKRTIGZSA-N 1-oleoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMHIUKTWLZUKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cerotic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XMHIUKTWLZUKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N Elaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVGKNOAMLMIIKO-QXMHVHEDSA-N Ethyl oleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC LVGKNOAMLMIIKO-QXMHVHEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Myristic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003292 diminished Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QYDYPVFESGNLHU-KHPPLWFESA-N methyl oleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC QYDYPVFESGNLHU-KHPPLWFESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
- C10L1/023—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for spark ignition
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
<Desc/Clms Page number 1>
PROCEDE ET MOYEN POUR EVITER LE COGNEMENT CAUSE PAR LES
COMBUSTIBLES POUR MOTEURS.
Par suite de la consommation constamment croissante de benzine,,ce combustible a diminué considérablement de qua- lité et en plus de la mauvaise volatilité et de la pureté.re- lative,, le cognement ou tapement représente un inconvénient de la benzine,, qui se manifeste de manière particulièrement gènan- te et provoque très rapidement dans le moteur des avaries ou endommagements qui ne peuvent 'être réparés qu'avec une forte dépense d'argent.
11 faut distinguer dans le cognement deux genres dif- férents qui doivent être attribués à des causes différentes.
1 ) Le cognement par auto-allumage ( inflammation indépendam- ment de l'étincelle d'allumage).
2 ) Le cognement par détonation combustion à la vitesse du son )*
Dans les moteurs à forte compression au-dessus de 4,5 : 1) le cognement semble litre du à ce que la température d'auto-allumage de la benzine est trop basse par rapport à celle du benzol,.avec lequel le phénomène du cognement ne se manifeste pas.
<Desc/Clms Page number 2>
maïs, de plus, les constituants légers ou volatils de la benzine ne peuvent pas supporter les pressions élevées et explosent en conséquence en partie déjà avant les constituants à point d'ébulltion plus élevé,.
Ce phénomène provoque le cogne- ment dit cognement de détonation*
Or on a trouvé que les acides gras supérieurs sont des agents anticognants parfaits,, qui améliorent en même temps notablement le rendement des combustibles pour moteurs,, qu'il s'agisse notamment d'acides gras aussi bien saturés que non saturés.. Il s'agit par exemple de l'acide oxalique,, de l'acide palmitique, de l'acide stéarique,, de l'acide élaîdique de l'acide ricindique, de l'acide linoléique de l'acide cérotique de l'acide myristique, de l'acide laruique. Mais on peut employ- er comme agents anticognants non seulement les acides mêmes, mais aussi leurs esters. par exemple on peut employer l'éthylester oléique, le méthylester oléique, le glycériunesthewr oléique,,par exemple la trioléine ainsi que des esthers mélangés de ce genre.
On peut employer des esthers qui se composent pour la plus grande partie des glycérinesthers d'acide gras saturés ou non saturés, par exemple des huiles végétales ou animales,, telles que l'hui- le d'olive,, etc. Mais on peut employer aussi les produits halo- gènes de ce genre..
Il est vrai qu'il est connu d'ajouter pour la commande de moteurs rotatifs ou de moteurs à deux temps au combustible de l'huile de ricin appartenant également aux huiles végétales..
Mais dans ce but on mélange de plus grandes quantités d'huile au combustible,, jusque 10% car dans ce cas l'huile de ricin doit servir de lubrifiant. Par contre d'après la présente in- vention de petites quantités de moins de 10% suffisent et ces quantités ne doivent pas agir comme lubrifiant mais comme agents anticognants et pour améliorer le combustible. De plus pour obtenir l'effet lubrifiant il est d'usage de n'ajouter que des huiles grasses qui sont employées.d'ordinaire au graissage
<Desc/Clms Page number 3>
des moteurs, tandis que dans la présente invention on se sert d'huiles grasses sans tenir compte de leur pouvoir lubrifiant,, ainsi qu'indiqué ci-dessus.
Les agents peuvent aussi être employés en combinaison avec d'autres agents anticognants.
**ATTENTION** fin du champ DESC peut contenir debut de CLMS **.
<Desc / Clms Page number 1>
METHOD AND MEANS FOR AVOIDING KNOCKING CAUSED BY
ENGINE FUELS.
As a result of the constantly increasing consumption of benzine, this fuel has considerably diminished in quality, and in addition to the poor volatility and relative purity, knocking or tapping is a disadvantage of benzine, which manifests itself in a particularly troublesome manner and very quickly causes damage or damage to the engine which can only be repaired with a large expenditure of money.
It is necessary to distinguish in knocking two different kinds, which must be attributed to different causes.
1) Knocking by auto-ignition (ignition independent of the ignition spark).
2) Knocking by detonation combustion at the speed of sound) *
In engines with high compression above 4.5: 1) knocking seems to be liter due to the autoignition temperature of benzine is too low compared to that of benzol, with which the phenomenon of knocking does not manifest itself.
<Desc / Clms Page number 2>
maize, moreover, the light or volatile constituents of benzine cannot withstand the high pressures and consequently explode in part already before the constituents with a higher boiling point.
This phenomenon causes the knocking known as detonation knock *
However, it has been found that higher fatty acids are perfect anticognizing agents, which at the same time significantly improve the efficiency of motor fuels, whether they are particularly fatty acids, both saturated and unsaturated. This is for example oxalic acid ,, palmitic acid, stearic acid ,, elaidic acid, ricindic acid, linoleic acid, cerotic acid, acid myristic, laruic acid. However, not only the acids themselves, but also their esters, can be used as anticharming agents. for example, oleic ethyl ester, oleic methyl ester, oleic glyceryl ester, for example triolein as well as such mixed esters can be employed.
Esthers which consist for the most part of saturated or unsaturated fatty acid glycerinesters, for example vegetable or animal oils, such as olive oil, etc., can be employed. But halogen products of this kind can also be used.
It is true that it is known to add, for the control of rotary engines or two-stroke engines to the fuel, castor oil also belonging to vegetable oils.
But for this purpose, larger quantities of oil are mixed with the fuel, up to 10%, because in this case the castor oil must serve as a lubricant. On the other hand, according to the present invention, small amounts of less than 10% are sufficient and these amounts must not act as a lubricant but as anti-knocking agents and to improve the fuel. In addition, to obtain the lubricating effect, it is customary to add only fatty oils which are usually used for lubrication.
<Desc / Clms Page number 3>
engines, while in the present invention fatty oils are used without taking into account their lubricating power ,, as indicated above.
The agents can also be used in combination with other anti-knocking agents.
** ATTENTION ** end of DESC field can contain start of CLMS **.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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BE345034A true BE345034A (en) |
Family
ID=21113
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
BE345034D BE345034A (en) |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BE (1) | BE345034A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0410170A1 (en) * | 1989-07-25 | 1991-01-30 | Profi-Gas Ltd. | Liquid fuel mixture, process for its preparation and application in two stroke engines |
-
0
- BE BE345034D patent/BE345034A/fr unknown
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0410170A1 (en) * | 1989-07-25 | 1991-01-30 | Profi-Gas Ltd. | Liquid fuel mixture, process for its preparation and application in two stroke engines |
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