BE1017285A3 - INSULATING CARRIER FOR FLOOR FLOORS AND FLOOR OBTAINED. - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a new insulating interjoists designed to meet the mechanical and thermal constraints, by optimizing the functions and the raw material, for a reduced weight, space and cost, as well as a greatly improved implementation. facilitated. this intervous (10) is made according to a manufacturing process in which is made by molding a first cellular plastic material, the supporting structure (11) of the interjoists, is made by overmolding a second cellular plastic material, the filling structure (12) of the interjoists, the plastics being able to be identical with different densities; The supporting structure (11) forms the top of the interjoists (10) and comprises the support spoilers (13) resting on the heel (20) of the beams (2) and the cover tongue (18). The filling structure (12) forms the underside of the interjoists (10) giving it its shape below the interjoists (10) giving it its final shape.

Description

INSULATING CARRIER FOR FLOOR FLOORS AND FLOOR OBTAINED

Technical area :

The present invention relates to an insulating intervous for floor with beams having two opposing and parallel support spoilers for bearing on the heel of the beams and at its ends interlocking means arranged to assemble end-to-end identical interjoists. The invention also relates to a beam floor incorporating a plurality of insulating interjoists.

Prior art:

In the field of the manufacture of the floor with beams, there are different types of interjoists whose mechanical and thermal characteristics vary according to their geometry and the materials in which they are manufactured, such as the concrete, the terracotta, the fibers of agglomerated wood, plastics such as polypropylene, polystyrene, etc.

Expanded polystyrene interiors are appreciated for their lightness, maneuverability and insulating power. Nevertheless, they have a major disadvantage related to their mechanical fragility. To solve this problem, some interjoists are reinforced by the addition of reinforcement members reported or integrated, in their support zones and / or in the underside, such as for example a sheet or a film of resin reinforcement (FR). 2,626,030; FR-2,751,356; EP-1,371,792), a metal section (FR-2,560,258) and a sole made of wood concrete (FR-2,635,548). Other interjoists are reinforced by their structure by means of grooves, ribs, cells, etc. (WO-03/025301), which have the disadvantage of considerably increasing their size and material cost. Still other interveilles are made in two parts assembled by gluing or interlocking, the two parts being made either in the same material with different densities (CSTB technical opinion No. 1399, October 1976, pages 1-11), or in two different materials (DE-31.19.520). The design of these interjoists is summary and does not meet all the requirements especially in terms of mechanical strength while reducing the amount of material and manufacturing cost.

Presentation of the invention

The object of the invention is to propose a new insulating interjoists, made entirely of synthetic materials, designed to meet the standards in force in terms of mechanical and thermal stresses, by optimizing functions and material, for reduced weight, bulk and cost.

The objective is to obtain an interjoist insulating, light, easy to handle even in important dimensions, mechanically resistant to support the weight of the workers during the realization of the floor then the concrete poured of the floor itself and the load supported by this floor , fireproof and weatherproof, aesthetic on the underside, suitable for different widths of beams, easy to cut on site to adapt its length and width to the dimensions of the spans, also facilitating the installation of thermal breakers along the outer walls.

This object is achieved by a interjoists as defined in the preamble, characterized in that it comprises at least one supporting structure in the form of a shell, carrying said spoiler and said interlocking means, this bearing structure being made in a first synthetic material, and a filling structure extending within said bearing structure and made of a second synthetic material, and in that the two structures are intimately connected to form a monoblock interjoists.

In a preferred embodiment, the supporting structure is an open shell and forms the top of the interjoists and the filling structure is disposed inside the shell and forms, at least in part, the underside of the interjoists . In an alternative embodiment, the supporting structure is a closed shell and forms the top and the bottom of the interjoists and the filling structure is disposed inside the closed shell.

Preferably, the supporting structure comprises reinforcement ribs extending inside the filling structure of the interjoists.

In a variant where the interjoists comprises, under the spoilers support, covering means for cooperating with the means of covering an adjacent interjoists to cover the sole of a beam disposed between them, the bearing structure advantageously comprises said covering means comprising on one side a cover tab and on the other side a receiving area intended to receive the cover tongue of the adjacent interjoists.

The interjoists may also comprise in its upper face grooves for indexing the position of thermal breakers.

The supporting structure and the filling structure may have a different color.

In a first embodiment, the supporting structure is made of a first cellular plastic material and the filling structure is made of a second cellular plastic material.

In a second embodiment, the supporting structure may be made of a material having a first density of between 15 and 25 g / l and preferably equal to 20 g / l and the filling structure may be made of a material having a second density less than the first between 7 and 17 g / 1 and preferably equal to 12 g / 1.

Said bearing and filling structures are advantageously assembled by overmoulding but can be assembled by a chemical and / or mechanical connection.

This goal is finally achieved by a floor consisting of at least one set of beams defining between them spans and a set of interjoists as defined above arranged to fill the spans.

Brief description of the drawings:

The present invention and its advantages will appear better in the following description of an embodiment, given by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIGS. 1A and 1B are respectively a view from above and a sectional view AA of a floor formed of beams, interjoists according to the invention and thermal breakers, Figures 2A and 2B are perspective views of a interjoists associated with two different types of thermal breakers, the figures 3A and 3B are respectively a bottom view and a sectional view according to BB of the supporting structure of the interjoists according to the invention, FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the filling structure which completes the bearing structure of the FIGS. 5A, B, C and D are plan views of the interjoists according to the invention respectively in plan view, in section CC, in section DD and in section EE, FIGS. 6A and 6B. are from s enlarged views of the details F and G of Figure IB, and Figures 7 A, B and C are views of a interjoists according to the invention, for a basement, respectively in section, from below and the detail H .

Best way to realize the invention:

Referring to the figures, the invention relates to intervous 10 for floor 1 with beams 2 made entirely of synthetic materials, by means of a method in which this interjoists 10 is made at least in two parts: ♦ a first part forming the structure 11 of the interjoists 10 in a first synthetic material, this bearing structure 11 being arranged to meet the mechanical and thermal constraints imposed, and ♦ a second portion forming the filling structure 12 of the interjoists 10 in a second synthetic material, this filling structure 12 being arranged to complete the bearing structure 11 by adding thermal and mechanical performance, ♦ the two parts being intimately connected to form a single piece.

The number of parts is not necessarily limited to two and depends on the design of Γ interjoists 10.

The synthetic materials used to manufacture the supporting structure 11 and the filling structure 12 of the interjoists 10 may be identical materials with different densities, materials of the same family with different treatments or different materials, compatible or not chemically . These are preferably cellular plastics selected from the group consisting of expanded polystyrenes, expanded polystyrene copolymers, expanded polyvinyl chlorides, foamed polyurethanes, or the like. These plastics may or may not be loaded with carbon particles, glass fibers, or the like, to enhance their mechanical strength and / or improve their thermal performance. Whether identical or not, these plastics may have different densities. We will choose a higher density for the bearing structure 11 than that for the filling structure 12, this higher density contributing to increase both the mechanical strength of the part and its thermal performance. This difference in density also makes it possible to optimize the quantity of raw material necessary for the manufacture of the interjoists 10 by concentrating the high density in the supporting structure 11.

For example, the supporting structure 11 and the filling structure 12 are both made of expanded polystyrene with a high density of between 15 and 25 g / l and preferably equal to 20 g / l for the supporting structure 11, and a low density between 7 and 17 g / 1 and preferably equal to 12 g / 1 for the filling structure 12.

Pigments can also be introduced into the raw material in order to dye the supporting structure 11 of the filling structure 12 differently, this difference in hue can then be used as a visual reference on the building site when the interjoists 10 are to be cut, as explained further.

This interjoists can be made according to different manufacturing processes. One of the most efficient processes in terms of profitability consists in using a mold with two cavities in which the bearing structure 11 is molded in a first cavity, the bearing structure 11 obtained is transferred into the second cavity, in which the filling structure 12, while in the first cavity, a new bearing structure 11 is molded.

This overmolding technique intimately bonds the two parts of each other to one another, by heat-sealing or heat-sealing, without the addition of a binder, provided that the synthetic materials chosen are chemically compatible.

Of course, the two parts of the overmolding can also be made in a mold with a single impression but with two dies, or separately in separate molds. In this case, the two parts are assembled by any suitable means, for example chemical bonding for example, mechanical clipping for example, or a combination of both.

This method of manufacturing by molding allows interjoists 10 of various shapes and sizes, incorporating complex shapes impossible to achieve extrusion. In addition, this manufacturing method makes it possible to include, during the overmolding of the filling structure 12, an appearance film 46 (see FIG 7B) in the underside to give the center a look that allows it to remain visible.

An example of interjoists 10 is described with reference to the figures. It has a substantially rectangular periphery comprising two spoilers 13, longitudinal and opposite, intended to bear on the heel 20 of the beams 2, and two transverse ends 14 intended to cooperate with the transverse ends 14 of interjoists 10 put end to end . The interjoists 10 consists of two parts having different and complementary properties, namely a supporting structure 11 and a filling structure 12. In the example shown, the supporting structure 11 forms an open shell defining the top of the center 10 and comprises all the technical parts and the mechanical supports, and the filling structure 12 completes the shell by defining the underside of the center 10 to give the final shape to the center 10, but has no mechanical support.

In other non-illustrated embodiments, the supporting structure 11 may be sandwiched between two filling structures 12 forming the top and the bottom of the middle 10. On the other hand, the filling structure 12 may be sandwiched. between two bearing structures 11 forming the top and the bottom of the center 10. In this case, the supporting structure can form a closed shell. The supporting structure 11 may also form the underside of the middle 10, the filling structure 12 forming the top. Any other combination may be suitable, the essential being that the bearing structure 11 supports mechanical support. When the supporting structure 11 and the filling structure 12 are manufactured separately, they can also be used separately as required.

The bearing structure 11 of the invention as illustrated is described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 3 and 5. It comprises a substantially plane central wall 15, from which extend two longitudinal, inclined and open longitudinal wings 16 forming between they an obtuse angle. These longitudinal wings 16 are terminated by the spoilers 13 delimiting a rabbet 17 adapted to receive the heel 20 of the beams 2.

The bearing structure 11 comprises beneath the spoilers 13, covering means for cooperating with the covering means of an adjacent interjoists 10 to cover the sole 21 of a beam 2 disposed between them and thus ensure continuity thermal insulation. These covering means comprise, in the example illustrated, a cover tongue 18, provided on one side, which extends over a width at least equal to that of the sole 21 of a beam 2, and a zone of receiving 19, provided on the other side, for receiving the end zone of the cover tab 18 of the interjoin 10 adjacent. In this case, the junction zone is located on one side of the beam 2. It is also possible to provide a splitter tab divided into two parts provided on each side of the interjoists 10, the junction zone being substantially in the middle of the beam 2.

The cover tongue 18 and the receiving zone 19 comprise complementary shapes, such as a shoulder on each, delimiting two bearing planes 18 '. A double support or a double span is thus obtained, which makes it possible to eliminate the thermal bridges between two adjacent interjoists 10 disposed on either side of a beam 2. In addition, these support planes 18 'allow a displacement transversal relative between two adjacent interjoists 10 to adjust their spacing to different widths of beam 2, such as beams of 95 and 115 mm. The clearance between the two support planes of the two adjacent interjoists 10 is filled by a trapped air gap which allows the maintenance of the thermal performance of the assembly regardless of the width of the beams 2.

The supporting structure 11 comprises reinforcing ribs 30 which extend from its medial wall 15 towards the interior of the interjoists 10, oriented transversely from one longitudinal side to the other, whose function is to stiffen the interjoists 10 by increasing its mechanical resistance to bending. These reinforcement ribs are four in number, this figure is not limiting, and are spaced regularly, which is not mandatory. It is possible to provide reinforcing ribs 30 oriented in the other direction or in a grid or the like.

The bearing structure 11 also comprises interlocking means for mechanically assembling identical end-to-end interstices 10 to form a row extending over the entire length of a beam 2. In the example illustrated, these means of interlocking comprise a male part provided at a transverse end 14 and a female part 32 provided at the other transverse end 14. The male part consists of three lugs 31, a central lug in the upper part and two lateral lugs in the lower part. In correspondence, the female part has three recesses 32, one central recess in the upper part and two lateral recesses in the lower part. These male and female parts are formed of lugs 31 and recesses 32 opening on the upper and lower faces of the supporting structure 11 to allow its molding in a fixed cavity, without removable pin. Of course, all other forms male and female are possible. It is also possible to provide male and female combinations at each transverse end.

The bearing structure 11 comprises, in its median wall 15, a central hole 33 opening, through which the filling structure 12 will be visible, the central hole 33 may be used for passage of ducts, for example. It comprises on the outer face of its medial wall 15 two parallel longitudinally oriented longitudinal grooves 34 and two longitudinal grooves 35 along a longitudinal flange 16. The grooves 34 are intended to receive ducts and, as the point grooves 35 form means for indexing the position of the thermal breakers, as explained below. This bearing structure 11 also has on its outer face cutting marks 36, in the easily traversable zones of smaller thickness, between the reinforcing ribs 30, in the form of oblongs, circles, etc., and positioning marks. 37 of armature, like arrows or other.

The general section of the supporting structure 11 is substantially trapezoidal and all its parts are profiled to facilitate its molding and demolding. The only part that requires a removable pin is the rebate 17 between the support spoiler 13 and the cover tab 18 and, optionally, the male-female interlocking means according to their shape.

The filling structure 12 according to the invention as illustrated is described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. It comprises a body of variable thickness extending inside and along the entire length of the supporting structure 11 Its upper face 40 is curved and has transverse grooves 41 in correspondence of the reinforcing ribs 30, a central stud 42 bearing a logo in correspondence of the central hole 33, recesses 43 and reliefs 44 at its transverse ends in correspondence of the parts. male and female of the supporting structure 11. Its lower face 45 gives the shape of the interjoists 10. It can be flat or slightly recessed, especially open trapezium-shaped, to facilitate its demolding and allow the storage and transport of 10 interiors are identical stacked.

The interjoists 10 according to the invention can be used to make a floor 1 above a crawl space called "high crawl space", a basement called "high basement", or the like. In the first case, the underside of the interjoists 10 is not visible and its appearance is of little importance while in the second case, it can remain visible. The manufacturing method as described above allows to integrate, easily and without additional cost, an aspect film 46, made of plastics such as polypropylene, such as that illustrated in FIG. 7B, directly by thermoforming and heat-sealing at the moment. overmolding of the filling structure 12 or by any other appropriate means. Similarly, this manufacturing method allows to integrate an insert (not shown), thermosetting plastics for example or other, for fixing false ceilings by screwing, nailing, stapling, etc..

The shape and dimensions of the interjoists 10 according to the invention are not restrictive and are adapted according to the type of floor 1 to be made, such as a floor "high crawl space" or a floor "high basement" in which the beams 2 have a different height. The angle of inclination of the longitudinal wings 16 and the thickness of the spoilers 13 are therefore different. For a floor "high basement", the underside of the interjoists 10 is preferably flat, which is aesthetic but is more expensive given the amount of raw material required. In contrast, for interjoists 10 for a floor "high crawl space", the recessed bottom is not troublesome and saves raw material. The realization of a floor "high basement" requires the use of struts to the right of the beams 2 and thus to the right of the cover tab 18 of interjoists 10. To prevent any risk of crushing or punching the covering tongue 18, it is possible to add a forestay support 50, like that illustrated in FIGS. 7A and 7C, in the form of a triangular plate 51 carried by three support rods 52. a strut, the support rods 52 of this strut support 50 are inserted through the cover tongue 18 of a interjoists 10 until they abut against the flange 21 of the beam 2. so that it is the beam 2 which supports the load and not the interjoists 10. Of course, any other form of forestay support 50 may be suitable.

Once the floor 1 is finished and the struts removed, these forestay supports 50 can be removed. The example of the film of aspect 46 illustrated in FIG. 7B, by regularly distributed points, makes it possible both to serve as a location during the installation of the forestay supports 50 and conceal the holes 53 left by the support rods 52 during the withdrawal of these forestay supports 50. This example is not exhaustive.

Industrial Application Possibilities: The interjoists 10 as designed greatly facilitate the construction of a floor 1, an example of which is illustrated in Figures 1A and 1B. This floor 1 is delimited at the periphery by walls 3, defining two bearing edges on which the ends of eight parallel beams 2 and two non-bearing edges rest. These beams 2 are positioned at regular intervals and delimit between them identical spans T except one span T 'along a non-supporting bank which is less wide.

The interjoists 10 brought on site, stacked on each other for example on a pallet, are set up manually by the workers to fill the spans T. They are laid in the longitudinal direction so that the spoilers 13 rest on the heel 20 of the beams 2 and are nested end to end, the lugs 31 of a interjoists 10 entering the recesses 32 of the previous interjoists 10 to form a row of interjoists 10 linked to each other mechanically. Since the length of a span T is generally not a multiple of the length L of the interjoists 10, the last interjoists 10 must be shortened over a length L '. Since it is made of cellular plastics, it can be easily cut with a hand saw or the like.

The design of the interjoists 10 makes it possible to remove the beams along the non-bearing banks. Indeed, the shoulder provided in the receiving zone 19 of the cover tab 18 allows to rest the interjoists 10 on the edge of the edge, as shown in detail in Figure 6A. For the false span T ', located along the other non-load-bearing side, the same procedure is carried out by inverting the interjoists 10 to use the side comprising the shoulder of the receiving zone 19. For this purpose, the 10) in the longitudinal direction, the side bearing the cover tab 18 is omitted and a support spoiler 13 and a slope equivalent to the inclination of the longitudinal wings 16 are formed in the wafer. a visual cue formed by the boundary between the bearing structure 11 and the filling structure 12. This limit may be marked by a difference in color or color between the cellular plastics used for the two structures.

When the trays T, T 'are filled by interjoists 10, it is possible to set up the thermal breakers 6 at the periphery of the floor 1 to eliminate the thermal bridges. These thermal breakers 6 are formed of insulating blocks, for example expanded polystyrene mono or bi-density, supplemented or not with a rockwool plate or the like, whose shape is complementary to that interjoists 10 to facilitate their implementation. place and their positioning. The thermal breakers 6 arranged at the ends of the spans T, T ', said end switches 60, are substantially rectangular blocks, of length substantially equal to the width of the median wall 15 of the interjoists 10. They comprise two transverse ribs 62 of complementary shape to the two threaded grooves 34 provided on the top of the interjoists 10. The thermal breakers 6 arranged along the non-supporting banks, said edge breakers 61, are substantially rectangular blocks whose base is cut at an angle to fit a portion of the medial wall 15 and the longitudinal wing 16. They comprise a longitudinal rib 63 of complementary shape to the point grooves 35 (see Figure 6B). In the example shown, there are provided two edge breakers 61 by interjoists 10, positioned between the positioning marks 37. When the installation of the thermal breakers 6 is completed, it is possible to add a peripheral chaining by laying steels 7 at the level of the positioning markers 37. Pouring concrete called keying concrete 8 device to lock this structure. Then, the floor 1 is finished by placing for example a lattice (not shown) made of steel forming the reinforcement of the floor 1 before pouring the concrete slab, or any other type of floor 1. According to the thickness of the floor 1, we can also add on the interjoists 10 blocks forming extensions.

It is clear from this description that the invention achieves the goals set. In particular, the manufacturing process makes it possible to optimize the quantity of raw material necessary for producing the interjoists 10 and consequently its cost price. The interjoists 10 obtained has the advantage of responding to mechanical and thermal stresses, to save the beams 2 along the non-load bearing edges, to adapt in length and width to the dimensions of the spans T, T 'and to facilitate laying thermal breakers 6.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described but extends to any modification and variation obvious to a person skilled in the art.

Claims (17)

1. Intervous (10) for floor (1) with beams (2) having two opposite and parallel support spoilers (13) intended to bear on the heel (20) of the beams (2) and at its transverse ends ( 14), interlocking means (31, 32) arranged to assemble end-to-end interjoists (10) identical, characterized in that it comprises at least one bearing structure (11) in the form of shell, carrying said spoilers support (13) and said interlocking means (31, 32), this supporting structure being made of a first synthetic material, and a filling structure (12) extending inside said supporting structure (13) and made of a second synthetic material, and in that the two structures are intimately connected to form a one-piece interjoists (10). 2. Interlocking according to claim 1, characterized in that the supporting structure (11) is an open shell and forms the top of the interjoists (10) and in that the filling structure (12) is arranged inside. of the shell and forms, at least in part, the underside of interjoined P (10). 3. Interlocks according to claim 1, characterized in that the supporting structure (11) is a closed shell and forms the top and bottom of the interjoists (10) and in that the filling structure (12) is arranged to the inside of the hull closed. 4. Interlocks according to claim 1, characterized in that the supporting structure (11) comprises reinforcing ribs (30) extending inside the filling structure (13) of the interjoists (10). 5. Interlocks according to claim 1 comprising, under the spoilers (13), covering means (18, 19) for cooperating with the covering means (18, 19) of an interjoists (10) adjacent to covering the sole (21) of a beam (2) arranged between them, characterized in that the supporting structure (11) comprises said covering means comprising on one side a cover tongue (18) and the on the other side a receiving area (19) for receiving the cover tongue (18) of the adjacent interjoists (10). 6. interjoists according to claim 5, characterized in that the cover tongue (18) and the receiving zone (19) comprise complementary shapes capable of creating at least two support planes (18 '). 7. interjoists according to claim 1, characterized in that said interlocking means comprise lugs (31) and recesses (32). 8. Interlocks according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises in its upper face grooves (34, 35) for indexing the position of thermal breakers (6). 9. Interships according to claim 1, characterized in that the supporting structure (11) and the filling structure (12) have a different color. 10. Entrevous according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said bearing structure is made of a first cellular plastic material and said filling structure is made of a second cellular plastic material. 11. Entrevous according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said bearing structure is made of a material having a first density and said filling structure is made of a material having a second density lower than the first. 12. Entrevous according to claim 11, characterized in that the first density is between 15 and 25 g / 1 and preferably equal to 20 g / 1 and in that the second density is between 7 and 17 g / 1 and preferably equal to 12 g / l. 13. interjoists according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said bearing and filling structures are assembled by overmolding. 14. Entrevous according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that said bearing and filling structures are assembled by a chemical bond and / or mechanical. 15. Floor (1) consisting of at least one set of beams (2) defining between them spans (T, T ') and a set of interjoists (10) arranged to fill the spans (T, T) '), characterized in that said interjoists (10) are made according to any one of the preceding claims. 16. Floor according to claim 15, characterized in that the cover tongue (18) and the receiving area (19) interjoists (10) are arranged to allow the recovery of beams (2) of different widths and to form a air blade. 17. Floor according to claim 15, characterized in that it comprises thermal breakers (6) disposed at the periphery of said floor (1) and having ribs (62, 63) adapted to be housed in the grooves (34, 35). corresponding interjoists (10).