AU606226B2 - A method for manufacturing aand reinforcing a catalytic unit to be used for purifying exhaust gases - Google Patents
A method for manufacturing aand reinforcing a catalytic unit to be used for purifying exhaust gases Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU606226B2 AU606226B2 AU24600/88A AU2460088A AU606226B2 AU 606226 B2 AU606226 B2 AU 606226B2 AU 24600/88 A AU24600/88 A AU 24600/88A AU 2460088 A AU2460088 A AU 2460088A AU 606226 B2 AU606226 B2 AU 606226B2
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- unit
- reinforcing
- manufacturing
- support
- catalytic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/28—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer comprising a deformed thin sheet, i.e. the layer having its entire thickness deformed out of the plane, e.g. corrugated, crumpled
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
- B32B3/12—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a layer of regularly- arranged cells, e.g. a honeycomb structure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/266—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by an apertured layer, the apertures going through the whole thickness of the layer, e.g. expanded metal, perforated layer, slit layer regular cells B32B3/12
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
- B32B38/04—Punching, slitting or perforating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
- F01N3/2807—Metal other than sintered metal
- F01N3/281—Metallic honeycomb monoliths made of stacked or rolled sheets, foils or plates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
- B32B2305/02—Cellular or porous
- B32B2305/024—Honeycomb
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
- F01N2260/18—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for improving rigidity, e.g. by wings, ribs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/02—Metallic plates or honeycombs, e.g. superposed or rolled-up corrugated or otherwise deformed sheet metal
- F01N2330/04—Methods of manufacturing
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
Description
_;I
AUSTRALIA
PATENTS ACT 1952 Form COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(ORIGINAL)
FOR OFFICE USE 6 Short Title: Int. Cl: Application Number: Lodged: Complete Specification-Lodged: Accepted: Lapsed: Published: **t Priority: Related Art: This do"cWufLCt cO,1 Iaifs the a rrvldr-tts Tflac Ul(~il sction 49 and is cur pri;ting.
TO BE COMPLETED BY APPLICANT Name of Applicant: Address of Applicant: KEMIRA OY ESPOON TUTKIMUSKESKUS P.O. BOX 44 SF-02271 ESPOO
FINLAND
GRIFFITH HACK CO., 601 St. Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.
Actual Inventor: Address for Service: Complete Specification for the invention entitled: A METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING AND REINFORCING A CATALYTIC UNIT TO BE USED FOR PURIFYING EXHAUST GASES The following statement is a full description of this invention including the best method of performing it known to me:r 1A A method for manufacturing and reinforcing a catalytic unit to be used for purifying exhaust gases The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing and reinforcing a catalytic unit intended for the purification of exhaust gases, wherein a helical unit is formed by winding from a corrugated foil band and a straight foil band, disposed one on top of the other.
o0,, Such a unit is known previously from, for example, GB pattent 2069364. According to the method disclosed in the said patent, the unit is first made from uncoated foil bands, offs Sand at both or one of the ends of the unit there are welded one or several seams the purpose of which is to prevent axial movement of the helical foil bands in relation to one another. In this method the catalytic unit cannot be coated °o *with a support-material layer and a catalytic material until after the welding, since the support material lowers the electrical conductivity and prevents the flow of current during welding. When the support material is added to a complete unit, it does not spread evenly but accumulates in the cavities formed by the meeting points of the foils S °and collects in itself the actual catalyst, in which case the catalyst material will not be used effectively, a factor which for its part increases the costs and lowers the efficiency.
DE Patent 2924592 discloses a method for making a catalytic unit, in which method an uncoated corrugated foil band and an uncoated straight foil band are secured to each other by brazing. This method has a disadvantage in that, in connection with the brazing, it is necessary to use high temperatures, which results in the weakening of the structure and a deterioration of the surface. Brazing is expensive as a method, and brazing limits the choice of the catalytic-unit 2 materials to metals which can be brazed. Such materials are not necessarily the best materials for catalytic units. In this method, also, the catalytic unit cannot be coated with a support-material layer and catalytic materials until after the foils have been secured to each other.
Finnish Patent Application 861801 discloses a method for manufacturing and reinforcing a catalytic unit. In the method, a corrugated foil band and a straight foil band, coated in advance with both a support-material layer and a catalyst layer, are secured to a central shaft, which is a thin rod and 4*1, around which the catalytic unit of the desired size is formed, whereafter end supports are secured to the ends of the shaft .9.e in such a way that they press somewhat towards the inside of the unit, thereby preventing axial movement of the foils. In eas this method, the central shaft or sheet, remaining inside the 'i unit, gives extra weight to the unit and, furthermore, the central shaft with its end supports somewhat reduces the open cross-sectional area of the catalytic unit.
An object of the present invention is to produce a method for manufacturing and reinforcing a catalytic unit, a method less susceptible to the disadvantages of the previously known methods.
According to the present invention there is provided a method for manufacturing and reinforcing a catalytic unit to be used for purifying exhaust gases, by forming a helical unit from a corrugated foil band and a straight foil band, disposed one on top of the other, characterized in that the corrugated foil band and the straight foil band, coated in advance with both a support material and a catalyst layer, form a unit which does not retain a central winding shaft, and unwinding and mutual rubbing of the unit is prevented by means of at least one support element passing through and held in the unit.
An embodiment of the invention may be realised by winding a straight foil band and a corrugated foil band, coated in advance with a support-material layer and a catalyst layer, around a shaft of a certain size in such a way that, after the removal of the shaft an oblong aperture of the desired size is V left in the center of the unit. Thereafter the unit is pressed 00 i 2A into an oval shape, i.e. the cross section of the unit will have the shape of a race track and the opening in the center of the unit closes. Thereafter a support element is pressed or shot through the unit, the support preventing the unwinding of the unit and the rubbing of the foil bands against each other, and thus a a I Sr 0 9 '5.50 0 0 Ir, I- -Bii s^~s~-rrrsl-_~_I rigid piece which will retain its shape is produced.
According to one embodiment of the invention it is possible to produce a catalytic unit by winding a straight foil band and a corrugated foil band, coated in advance, directly into a round unit so that no oblong aperture is left in the center of the unit. Thereafter, a support is pressed or shot through the unit; this support will prevent the unooa0 "oo winding of the unit and the rubbing of the foil bands 000r against each other, and thus a rigid piece which will "retain its shape is obtained.
*Poe 4, 9000 0 According to one embodiment of the invention, two or more o 00 supports are pressed through the unit in such a way that the supports will be either in parallel or in succession in relation to each other.
0004 The passing of the supports through the unit can be carried 0004 °o out either by pressing or by shooting. According to one o0r embodiment of the invention it is possible in advance to 0 make, for the supports, a hole having the length of the S support, for example, by drilling, and after the hole has been made, a support which fills the hole is pressed into 4 4 it.
The support to be pressed through the unit preferably has a round, oval, square or rectangular cross-section. According to the invention, a support passed thrugh the unit has the length of the unit diameter (round unit) or unit height (race track), and preferably a length 1 10 mm greater than the diameter or height of the unit.
The support or supports passed through the unit are preferably made of fire-resistant steel.
;4 The invention is described below with reference to the accompanying figures, in which: Figure 1 depicts an end view of a preferred embodiment of the invention, and, Figure 2 depicts a side view of a unit according to the invention.
Figure 1 shows a catalytic unit wound from a corrugated foil band and a straight foil band disposed one on top of the other, which unit has, after the winding of the unit, been pressed into a race-track shape, whereafter a support has been pressed through the unit.
Figure 2 shows a round unit which has been wound from a straight foil band and a corrugated foil band disposed one on top of the other, and through which a support slightly longer then the diameter of the unit has been pressed.
Claims (4)
- 3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the support element is pressed through the unit.
- 4. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the support element is incorporated into the unit by *994 ~drilling a hole through the unit and inserting the support S 4| element through the hole. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized that the support element passing through the unit is 1 longer than the diameter of the unit.
- 6. A method for manufacturing ard reinforcing a catalytic unit, substantially as herein described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
- 7. A catalytic unit made by a method in accordance with any one of the preceding claims. Dated this 17th day of October 1990. KEMIRA OY By Its Patent Attorneys: GRIFFITH HACK CO. Fellows Institute of Patent ~Attorneys of Australia. c .i .;i
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI875045A FI78161C (en) | 1987-11-16 | 1987-11-16 | FOERFARANDE FOER FRAMSTAELLNING OCH FOERSTAERKNING AV EN KATALYTCELLSTRUKTUR ANVAENDBAR FOER RENING AV AVGASER. |
| FI875045 | 1987-11-16 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2460088A AU2460088A (en) | 1989-05-25 |
| AU606226B2 true AU606226B2 (en) | 1991-01-31 |
Family
ID=8525420
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU24600/88A Ceased AU606226B2 (en) | 1987-11-16 | 1988-11-02 | A method for manufacturing aand reinforcing a catalytic unit to be used for purifying exhaust gases |
Country Status (21)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01155948A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR890008432A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT392750B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU606226B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE1002482A3 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8805954A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1323752C (en) |
| CH (1) | CH675750A5 (en) |
| CS (1) | CS277579B6 (en) |
| DD (1) | DD283667A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3838295C2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2011406A6 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI78161C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2623244B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2212414B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT8822586A0 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL8802793A (en) |
| PL (1) | PL159280B1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU1837962C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE468323B (en) |
| YU (1) | YU207488A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5846495A (en) * | 1995-07-12 | 1998-12-08 | Engelhard Corporation | Structure for converter body |
| DE102004024685A1 (en) | 2004-05-19 | 2005-12-15 | Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh | Catalyst carrier body for a close-coupled catalytic converter |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4201947A (en) * | 1978-02-10 | 1980-05-06 | Rca Corporation | Long-tailed-pair connections of MOSFET's operated in sub-threshold region |
| US4381590A (en) * | 1979-06-19 | 1983-05-03 | Suddeutsche Kuhlerfabrik Julius Fr. Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for manufacturing a catalytic reactor carrier matrix |
| US4598063A (en) * | 1985-08-09 | 1986-07-01 | Retallick William B | Spiral catalyst support and method of making it |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB753658A (en) * | 1953-06-19 | 1956-07-25 | Havilland Engine Co Ltd | Metal catalyst packs |
| GB1531134A (en) * | 1975-08-20 | 1978-11-01 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Methods of fabricating bodies and to bodies so fabricated |
| DE2733640C3 (en) * | 1977-07-26 | 1981-04-30 | Süddeutsche Kühlerfabrik Julius Fr. Behr GmbH & Co KG, 7000 Stuttgart | Matrix for a catalytic reactor for exhaust gas cleaning in internal combustion engines |
| DE2746182A1 (en) * | 1977-10-14 | 1979-04-19 | Volkswagenwerk Ag | Cylindrical catalyst carrier retention - using transverse hole and welded bolt to join carrier to casing |
| GB2069364B (en) * | 1980-02-19 | 1984-05-23 | Johnson Matthey Co Ltd | Exhaust gas purification catalyst units |
| DE3515681A1 (en) * | 1985-05-02 | 1986-11-06 | Üründül, Celâl, 6800 Mannheim | Metal support in a single-foil design |
| JPS62228616A (en) * | 1986-03-29 | 1987-10-07 | Nippon Kinzoku Kk | Catalyst cartridge for exhaust gas purification |
| FI74523C (en) * | 1986-04-29 | 1988-02-08 | Kemira Oy | Preparation and fortification process of a catalytic cell intended for purification of exhaust gas. |
| EP0245738B1 (en) * | 1986-05-12 | 1989-08-09 | INTERATOM Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Metallic honeycomb body, particularly a catalyst carrier, provided with a supporting wall, and its manufacturing process |
| JPS6336842A (en) * | 1986-07-29 | 1988-02-17 | Nippon Radiator Co Ltd | Metallic honeycomb carrier and its preparation |
| JPS63185456A (en) * | 1987-01-26 | 1988-08-01 | Calsonic Corp | Production of metal honeycomb carrier |
| JPS6463045A (en) * | 1987-09-03 | 1989-03-09 | Toyota Motor Corp | Metallic carrier |
-
1987
- 1987-11-16 FI FI875045A patent/FI78161C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1988
- 1988-11-02 AU AU24600/88A patent/AU606226B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1988-11-08 YU YU02074/88A patent/YU207488A/en unknown
- 1988-11-09 AT AT2747/88A patent/AT392750B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-11-10 GB GB8826363A patent/GB2212414B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-11-11 DE DE3838295A patent/DE3838295C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-11-11 CH CH4183/88A patent/CH675750A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-11-11 IT IT8822586A patent/IT8822586A0/en unknown
- 1988-11-14 NL NL8802793A patent/NL8802793A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-11-14 BE BE8801288A patent/BE1002482A3/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-11-14 BR BR888805954A patent/BR8805954A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-11-15 SE SE8804108A patent/SE468323B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-11-15 ES ES8803469A patent/ES2011406A6/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-11-15 CA CA000583107A patent/CA1323752C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-11-15 RU SU884356891A patent/RU1837962C/en active
- 1988-11-15 DD DD88321811A patent/DD283667A5/en unknown
- 1988-11-15 FR FR8814821A patent/FR2623244B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-11-15 KR KR1019880015035A patent/KR890008432A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-11-16 CS CS887520A patent/CS277579B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-11-16 JP JP63287876A patent/JPH01155948A/en active Pending
- 1988-11-16 PL PL88275834A patent/PL159280B1/en unknown
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4201947A (en) * | 1978-02-10 | 1980-05-06 | Rca Corporation | Long-tailed-pair connections of MOSFET's operated in sub-threshold region |
| US4381590A (en) * | 1979-06-19 | 1983-05-03 | Suddeutsche Kuhlerfabrik Julius Fr. Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for manufacturing a catalytic reactor carrier matrix |
| US4598063A (en) * | 1985-08-09 | 1986-07-01 | Retallick William B | Spiral catalyst support and method of making it |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI875045A0 (en) | 1987-11-16 |
| AT392750B (en) | 1991-05-27 |
| GB8826363D0 (en) | 1988-12-14 |
| NL8802793A (en) | 1989-06-16 |
| DD283667A5 (en) | 1990-10-17 |
| DE3838295A1 (en) | 1989-05-24 |
| GB2212414A (en) | 1989-07-26 |
| BE1002482A3 (en) | 1991-02-26 |
| RU1837962C (en) | 1993-08-30 |
| DE3838295C2 (en) | 1994-05-05 |
| SE468323B (en) | 1992-12-14 |
| SE8804108D0 (en) | 1988-11-15 |
| BR8805954A (en) | 1989-08-08 |
| CA1323752C (en) | 1993-11-02 |
| CS752088A3 (en) | 1992-08-12 |
| IT8822586A0 (en) | 1988-11-11 |
| FR2623244B1 (en) | 1994-04-29 |
| CH675750A5 (en) | 1990-10-31 |
| JPH01155948A (en) | 1989-06-19 |
| ATA274788A (en) | 1990-11-15 |
| YU207488A (en) | 1990-04-30 |
| KR890008432A (en) | 1989-07-10 |
| SE8804108L (en) | 1989-05-17 |
| PL275834A1 (en) | 1989-07-24 |
| ES2011406A6 (en) | 1990-01-01 |
| FI78161C (en) | 1989-06-12 |
| PL159280B1 (en) | 1992-12-31 |
| FI78161B (en) | 1989-02-28 |
| FR2623244A1 (en) | 1989-05-19 |
| GB2212414B (en) | 1991-09-25 |
| CS277579B6 (en) | 1993-03-17 |
| AU2460088A (en) | 1989-05-25 |
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