AU2022390192A1

AU2022390192A1 - Cover unit for a solar panel, solar panel having the cover unit, and method for producing the cover unit and solar panel

Info

Publication number: AU2022390192A1
Application number: AU2022390192A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Ernst HÖLZENBEIN
Original assignee: CT Coating AG
Current assignee: CT Coating AG
Priority date: 2021-11-22
Filing date: 2022-11-18
Publication date: 2024-07-11
Also published as: DE112022005594A5; EP4184593A1; EP4437597A1; WO2023089139A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a cover unit (300) for a solar panel (200), comprising the following steps: providing a flat covering element (320) which is permeable at least to visible light, and providing a printing paste, the printing paste comprising a binder and a plurality of interference particles (332) distributed in the binder, and the interference particles (332) being designed to selectively reflect a part-spectrum of the visible light by interference. The production method comprises screen printing the printing paste at least onto a flat rear face (321) of the covering element (320) to produce a reflective layer (330) for the selective reflection of the part-spectrum. The invention also relates to a cover unit (300) obtainable using the production method, to a method for manufacturing a solar panel (200) with the cover unit (300), and to a solar panel (200) obtainable with the manufacturing method.

Description

Title of the invention: cover unit for a solar module, solar module with the cover unit and manufacturing method for cover unit and solar module

Technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a manufacturing method for manufacturing a cover unit for a solar module, a cover unit obtainable by the manufacturing method, a production method for a solar module comprising the manufacturing method, and a solar module obtainable by the production method.

State of the art

[0002] A disadvantage of known solar modules is that their appearance can only be adapted to a very limited extent in order to integrate the solar modules architecturally into a building, for example into a facade or a roof.

[0003] Up to now, it has only been possible to conceal the solar modules behind a colored or diffusing cover pane. A diffusing cover pane provides only limited design freedom. If the glass pane is tinted with absorbent color pigments, a simple and versatile color selection is possible, but the efficiency of the solar module is significantly reduced.

[0004] The use of a selectively reflective cover glass has only a minimal effect on the overall efficiency of the solar modules. However, the angular dependency of the color impression is a disadvantage. A glazing unit with a coating that reduces the problem of angular dependency is known from publication US 2015/0249424 Al. However, this coating consists of a complex layer structure that limits the number of possible colors and the color saturation.

[0005] Publication WO 2018/154045 Al discloses a selectively reflective glazing unit with a photonic structure for a solar module, and a manufacturing process therefor. The glazing unit can offer high color saturation and a variety of possible colors and design options with low angular dependency of the color impression, whereein reflection losses of the glazing unit can be less than 9 %. The photonic structure is applied to a structured surface by sputtering, which makes the manufacturing process slow, energy-intensive and cost-intensive for common solar module sizes. In addition, patterns can only be produced by complex partial masking of the glazing unit.

Technical object

[0006] The object of the invention is to create a cost-effective, versatile designable and efficient solar module and a production method for it.

Technical solution

[0007] The present invention provides a manufacturing method according to claim 1 which solves the technical problem. Likewise, the task is solved by a cover unit according to claim 7, a production method according to claim 8 and a solar module according to claim 15. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

[0008] A manufacturing method according to the invention is used to manufacture a cover unit for a solar module. The solar module may comprise a thermal solar module for generating thermal energy from sunlight and/or a photovoltaic module for generating electrical energy from sunlight. The cover unit may at least partially cover a sunlight-facing side of the solar module to change the appearance of the solar module. In addition, the cover unit can be configured to protect the solar module from external influences, for example from water and/or dust.

[0009] The manufacturing method comprises the step of: providing a planar cover element which is transmissive to at least visible light. Visible light is referred to as light with a wavelength of 400 nm to 800 nm. For the purposes of this description, transmissive means at least translucent, preferably transparent. The cover element is preferably transmissive for the entire visible wavelength spectrum, wherein the transmissivity is particularly preferably independent of the wavelength, such that the cover element is colorless.

[0010] The cover element consists, for example, of glass or of a polymer, in particular of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or polycarbonate (PC).

[0011] The cover element is planar, that is, the cover element a length in a cover element plane and a width orthogonal to the length, both of which are substantially greater than, for example at least ten times as great as, in particular at least one hundred times as great as, a height of the cover element orthogonal to the cover element plane.

[0012] The shape and size of the cover element in the cover element plane is preferably adapted to the solar module. For example, the shape of the cover element in the cover element plane is rectangular. The height of the cover element is preferably selected such that the cover element has sufficient mechanical stability for its further processing in the manufacturing method and preferably for protecting the solar module.

[0013] The manufacturing method comprises the step of: providing a printing paste, wherein the printing paste comprises a binder and a plurality of interference particles distributed in the binder, and wherein the interference particles are configured to selectively reflect a partial spectrum of visible light by interference. The interference particles thus each reflect a specific color or a specific color range of the light impinging on them, so that a reflective layer of the printing paste appears to an observer in this color or this color range.

[0014] In order for a reflective layer of the printing paste to reflect a wavelength range which is as narrow as possible, the interference particles are optically as similar as possible and in particular preferably have the same material composition, the same size and/or the same shape.

[0015] Since the color is not produced by absorbing dyes, both a high color saturation and a high light transmission of the reflective layer of, for example, at least 95 %, in particular at least 98 %, can be achieved.

[0016] The use of interference particles distributed in a binder for selective reflection has the advantage relative to the interference layers known from US 2015/0249424 Al and WO 2018/154045 Al that the strength of the reflection is not angle-dependent, such that the color of a reflection layer of the printing paste is independent of a viewing angle.

[0017] The method comprises the step of: screen printing the printing paste at least on a planar rear side of the cover element to produce a reflective layer for selective reflection of the partial spectrum. In addition, the printing paste or another printing paste can also be screen-printed on a planar front side of the cover element opposite the rear side.

[0018] By screen printing, the reflective layer can be applied, in particular to a large-area cover element, much more quickly, cost-effectively and energy efficiently than the interference layers described in US 2015/0249424 Al and WO 2018/154045 Al using the methods mentioned therein. In addition, by screen printing patterns, for example lettering characters, words, logos or images can be created from the printing paste on the cover element with little effort.

[0019] By screen printing no layer system of multiple layers whose thickness is so uniform and so low that visible light interferes at the layer system can be produced. According to the invention, this problem is solved in that the interference is not generated by a system of multiple layers as in US 2015/0249424 Al and WO 2018/154045 Al, but by a plurality of interference particles that are optically as similar as possible.

[0020] In the method according to the invention, it is even advantageous that a layer generated by screen printing has a rough and thus matt surface, because this avoids specular reflections that could reduce the efficiency of the solar module and dazzle people in the vicinity of the solar module.

Description of the embodiments

[0021] The binder preferably comprises a ceramic raw material, for example a silicate raw material, in particular a clay mineral or a kaolin, or an oxidic raw material, in particular aluminum oxide or beryllium oxide.

[0022] The manufacturing method preferably comprises firing the binder to form a ceramic matrix after screen printing of the reflective layer, wherein the interference particles are embedded in the ceramic matrix after firing. The firing is carried out, for example, at a temperature of 400 °C to 900 °C, in particular at 450 °C to 800 °C.

[0023] A mechanically stable reflective layer and connection to the cover element is achieved by firing to form a ceramic matrix. It also results in high transparency, a long service life and high color stability of the reflective layer.

[0024] The binder preferably comprises a polyaminoamide and/or a polyamide resin, preferably with a mass concentration of 1 % to 75 %, particularly preferably of 5 % to 55 %. This results in a printing paste with a viscosity that is advantageous for screen printing, which adheres well to the cover element and can be evenly distributed on the cover element during screen printing.

[0025] The interference particles preferably have a diameter of from 50 nm to 1000 nm, preferably from 100 nm to 800 nm

[0026] The interference particles preferably consist of a glass, which preferably comprises silicon oxide (SiO2), boron oxide (B203), sodium oxide (Na2O), potassium oxide (K20) and/or aluminum oxide (A1203).

[0027] The interference particles are preferably contained in the printing paste at a mass concentration of 30 % to 70 %, preferably 45 % to 55 %, particularly preferably 50 %.

[0028] The mentioned properties of the interference particles result in a high light transmission, a high color homogeneity and a high color saturation of the reflective layer, wherein a large number of different colors can be generated.

[0029] The manufacturing method preferably comprises the step of: roughening at least a partial face of the rear side and/or a front side of the cover element opposite the rear side. The roughening can improve the adhesion of the reflective layer to the cover element. Furthermore, roughening can prevent specular reflections on the cover element that could reduce the efficiency of the solar module or dazzle passers-by.

[0030] The roughening preferably takes place before the screen printing of the reflective layer on the rear side. The roughening preferably comprises sandblasting, etching, embossing and/or rolling of the rear side and/or the front side. The roughening preferably leads to an RMS roughness of the rear side and/or the front side of 30 nm to 100 pm, preferably of 80 nm to 10 pm.

[0031] The manufacturing method preferably comprises screen printing a plurality of printing pastes at least on the rear side of the cover element to generate a plurality of reflective layers for selectively reflecting mutually different partial spectra of visible light, wherein the printing pastes contain interference particles for selectively reflecting mutually different partial spectra of visible light by interference. In this way, patterns of several colors and/or colored areas can be generated on the cover element.

[0032] A cover unit for a solar module according to the invention comprises a planar cover element which is transmissive to visible light and a reflective layer for selectively reflecting a partial spectrum of visible light which is at least applied to a planar rear side of the cover element. reflective layer for selectively reflecting a partial spectrum of visible light. The reflective layer comprises a matrix which is transmissive to visible light and a plurality of interference particles distributed in the matrix, the interference particles being configured for selective reflection of the partial spectrum by interference. The cover unit can be produced by a manufacturing process according to the invention.

[0033] The cover unit can be designed as described above for the manufacturing method according to the invention, which results in the advantages as mentioned there.

[0034] A production method according to the invention is used to produce a solar module and comprises the following steps: a. manufacturing of a cover unit using a manufacturing method according to the invention, b. providing of a planar support element, c. screen printing of a photovoltaic layer for generating electrical energy from visible light on a planar front side of the support element, and d. fastening the cover unit to the support element with a fastening means, wherein the rear side of the cover element of the cover unit is aligned parallel to the front side of the support element.

[0035] A further production method according to the invention is used to produce a solar module and comprises the following steps: a. manufacturing of a cover unit with a method of manufacturing according to the invention, b. screen printing of a photovoltaic layer for generating electrical energy from visible light on the rear side of the cover element of the cover unit, c. providing a planar support element, and d. fastening the cover unit on the support element with a fastening means, wherein the rear side of the cover element is aligned parallel to a planar front side of the support element.

[0036] The support element comprises, for example, a laminate press panel (HPL panel, HPL = High Pressure Laminate), a metal panel, in particular an aluminum panel, a glass panel or a thermal insulation panel.

[0037] The fastening means comprises, for example, a number of clamps, an adhesive layer and/or a sheath enclosing the support element and the cover unit, wherein the sheath is for example sealed by lamination.

[0038] The rear side of the cover element preferably faces the front side of the support element, so that the reflective layer and the photovoltaic layer are arranged between the cover element and the support element and are thus protected from environmental influences.

[0039] The photovoltaic layer is preferably designed as a low-light-condition solar module and/or as a thin-film solar module comprising, for example, amorphous silicon (a-Si:H), microcrystalline silicon (pc-Si: H), gallium arsenide (GaAs), cadmium telluride (CdTe) or copper-indium-(gallium)-sulfur-selenium compounds as photoactive material.

[0040] The photovoltaic layer preferably comprises a fluorescent dye for converting ultraviolet light into visible light. As a result, the ultraviolet light can also be used to generate electrical energy, which increases the output of the solar module, particularly at low ambient brightness.

[0041] A printing paste from which the photovoltaic layer is screen-printed preferably comprises a photoinitiator for initiating a polymerization of the photovoltaic layer. The production process preferably comprises initiating the polymerization of the photovoltaic layer by exposing the photovoltaic layer to light, in particular to ultraviolet light. The photoinitiator can, for example, be cationic, radical, low molecular or polymeric.

[0042] The photoinitiator allows a solidification of the photovoltaic layer without heating the photovoltaic layer, which could damage the photovoltaic layer or other layers of the solar module.

[0043] Providing the support element preferably comprises casting the support element from a thermal insulating material, wherein the thermal insulating material preferably comprises a casting mass with an expanded glass and a binder. The thermal insulation material allows to thermally insulate a facade or a roof of a building with the solar module without having to attach a thermal insulation material to the building in a separate step.

[0044] A cast thermal insulation material has the advantage over other, for example, fibrous thermal insulation materials that further layers of the solar module can be directly applied to it by screen printing. The advantage of expanded glass as a thermal insulation material is that it can be combined with a binder to form a casting compound suitable for casting the support element. In addition to high thermal insulation, expanded glass also offers high heat resistance, which increases the service life of the solar module.

[0045] The production method preferably comprises the step of: screen printing an energy storage layer for storing the electrical energy obtained from the photovoltaic layer on the support element before screen printing the photovoltaic layer on the support element or on the photovoltaic layer after screen printing the photovoltaic layer on the cover element. The energy storage layer is thus arranged on the side of the photovoltaic layer facing away from the cover element and therefore does not obstruct the light irradiation through the cover element onto the photovoltaic layer.

[0046] The energy storage layer allows a uniform power output of the solar module even when the power output of the photovoltaic layer fluctuates due to changing ambient brightness. This makes it easier to integrate the solar module into a building's energy supply system.

[0047] The energy storage layer is preferably resistant to a temperature of at least 60 °C, in particular at least 85 °C, preferably at least 120 °C. Due to this increased heat resistance compared to conventional energy storage devices, for example lithium-ion accumulators, the energy storage layer can advantageously be combined with the heating layer in a compact module without the energy storage layer being damaged by heat emitted by the heating layer.

[0048] The energy storage layer can be configured liquid-free, can contain sodium ions and in particular no lithium ions as movable charge carriers and/or can be free of defects (so called "pinholes"). Each of these features, and in particular a combination of several of these features, advantageously increases the heat resistance of the energy storage layer.

[0049] The energy storage layer is preferably configured as a solid-state accumulator, for example as a lithium-air solid-state accumulator, or as a supercapacitor.

[0050] The production process preferably comprises the step of: screen printing a thermal insulating layer between the energy storage layer and the photovoltaic layer on the support element or on the cover element. The thermal insulating layer protects the energy storage layer from overheating by the photovoltaic layer and/or by light incident on the photovoltaic layer.

[0051] The insulating layer preferably comprises a calcium silicate, chitosan and/or a heat-resistant binder. With the ingredients mentioned, a particularly thin and flexible insulating layer with low thermal conductivity can be produced in a simple manner, for example by screen printing. The insulating layer preferably has a layer thickness perpendicular to the ceiling element plane of 10 pm to 500 pm, preferably 40 pm to 100 pm.

[0052] The production method preferably comprises the step of: screen printing a luminescent layer for illuminating an environment of the solar module on the support element or on the cover element. The luminescent layer can be printed directly on the support element or on the cover element or on one of the aforementioned layers, wherein an electrically insulating layer is preferably applied between the aforementioned layer and the luminescent layer by screen printing.

[0053] The luminescent layer is preferably arranged on the side of the photovoltaic layer facing the cover element. As a result, the emission of light from the luminescent layer through the cover element is not obstructed by the photovoltaic layer.

[0054] The luminescent layer is preferably arranged on a front side of the cover element facing away from the reflective layer. As a result, the emission of light from the luminescent layer to the surroundings is not obstructed by the reflective layer.

[0055] The luminescent layer may comprise, for example, an electroluminescent layer and/or an OLED layer. The luminescent layer is preferably transmissive to visible light. As a result, the luminescent layer can be attached to the side of the photovoltaic layer facing the cover element without impairing the energy generation by the photovoltaic layer.

[0056] A layer thickness of the luminescent layer, the energy storage layer and/or the photovoltaic layer perpendicular to the cover element plane is preferably from 0.1 pm to 1 mm, preferably from 0.5 pm to 0.2 mm.

[0057] The production method preferably comprises the step of: screen printing a thermally conductive layer for dissipating heat from the photovoltaic layer onto the support element before screen printing the photovoltaic layer on the support element or on the photovoltaic layer after screen printing the photovoltaic layer on the cover element. The energy storage layer is thus applied to the side of the photovoltaic layer facing away from the cover element and therefore does not obstruct the light irradiation through the cover element onto the photovoltaic layer.

[0058] The thermally conductive layer, which comprises, for example, a nanoceramic, prevents overheating of the photovoltaic layer, which could reduce the efficiency factor of the photovoltaic layer or damage the photovoltaic layer.

[0059] A solar module according to the invention is obtainable with a production method according to the invention and comprises a planar support element and a cover unit according to the invention. The cover unit is fastened to the support element by a fastening means, wherein the rear side of the cover element of the cover unit is aligned parallel to a planar front side of the support element, and wherein a photovoltaic layer for generating electrical energy from visible light is arranged between the cover element and the support element.

[0060] The solar module can be configured as described above for the manufacturing method and the production method, resulting in the advantages mentioned there.

Brief description of the drawings

[0061] Further advantages, objectives and features of the invention are explained with reference to the following description and the accompanying drawings, in which exemplary objects according to the invention are shown.

[0062] Figure 1 schematically shows a production method according to the invention.

[0063] Figure 2 schematically shows a further production method according to the invention.

[0064] Figure 3 schematically shows a cover unit according to the invention.

[0065] Figure 4 schematically shows a solar module according to the invention.

Fig.1

[0066] Figure 1 schematically shows a production method according to the invention for a solar module 200 according to the invention.

[0067] In step a, the production method shown comprises providing a planar cover element 320 that is at least transmissive to visible light, for example a glass pane.

[0068] In step b, the production method comprises providing a printing paste, wherein the printing paste comprises a binder and a plurality of interference particles distributed in the binder, and wherein the interference particles are configured for selective reflection of a partial spectrum of the visible light by interference, and screen printing the printing paste at least on a planar rear side 321 of the cover element 320 to produce a reflection layer 330 for selective reflection of the partial spectrum.

[0069] The cover element 320 and the reflective layer 330 together form a cover unit 300 according to the invention.

[0070] In step c, the production method comprises providing a planar support element 260, for example a laminate press panel.

[0071] In step d, the production method comprises screen printing a photovoltaic layer 280 for generating electrical energy from visible light on a planar front side 261 of the support element 260.

[0072] In step e, the production method comprises fastening the cover unit 300 to the support element 260 with a fastening means 270, for example with a sheath enclosing the cover unit 300 and the support element 260. The rear side 321 of the cover element 320 of the cover unit 300 is aligned parallel to the front side 261 of the support element 260, in particular facing the front side 261.

Fig.2

[0073] Figure 2 schematically shows a further production method according to the invention for a solar module 200 according to the invention.

[0074] Steps a, b, c and e of the production method shown in Figure 2 correspond to the steps labeled with the same letters in the production method shown in Figure 1.

[0075] In contrast to Figure 1, in Figure 2 in step d the photovoltaic layer 280 is not applied to the support element 260, but to the reflective layer 330 on the cover element 320 by screen printing.

[0076] In step e, a solar module 200 with the same layer sequence as in Figure 1 is formed by fastening the cover unit 300 to the support element 260.

Fig.3

[0077] Figure 3 schematically shows a cover unit 300 according to the invention for a solar module. The cover unit 300 comprises a planar cover element 320 which is transmissive to visible light, for example a glass pane, and a reflective layer 330 applied to a planar rear side (bottom in Figure 3) of the cover element 320 for selectively reflecting a partial spectrum of the visible light.

[0078] The reflection layer 330 comprises a matrix 333 which is transmissive to visible light, in particular a ceramic matrix 333, and a plurality of interference particles 332 distributed in the matrix 333, wherein the interference particles 332 are configured for selective reflection of the partial spectrum by interference. The interference particles 332 consist, for example, of a glass, have a diameter of 100 nm to 800 nm and have a mass fraction of about 50 % in the reflection layer 330.

Fig.4

[0079] Figure 4 schematically shows a solar module 200 according to the invention. The solar module 200 comprises a planar support element 260, for example a laminate press panel, and a cover unit 300 according to the invention, which can be configured, for example, as shown in Figure 3.

[0080] The cover unit 300 is fastened to the support element 260 by a fastening means 270, for example by a sheath enclosing the cover unit 300 and the support element 260, wherein the rear side (bottom in Figure 4) of the cover element 320 of the cover unit 300 is aligned parallel to a planar front side (top in Figure 4) of the support element 260, preferably facing the front side.

[0081] A photovoltaic layer 280 for generating electrical energy from visible light is arranged between the cover element 320 and the support element 260. The photovoltaic layer 280, for example, is adjacent to the reflective layer 330 of the cover unit 300.

[0082] The solar module 200 may include an energy storage layer 220 for storing the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic layer 280. The energy storage layer 220 is preferably disposed between the photovoltaic layer 280 and the support element 260, wherein a thermal insulating layer 240 is particularly preferably disposed between the photovoltaic layer 280 and the energy storage layer 220.

[0083] The solar module 200 may include a luminescent layer 210 for illuminating an environment of the solar module 200. The luminescent layer 210 is preferably arranged on a front side (top in Figure 4) of the cover element 320 facing away from the reflective layer 330.

[0084] Preferably, the cover unit 300, the support element 260 and the aforementioned layers 330, 280, 240, 220 are enclosed by the fastening means 270 formed as a sheath.

[0085] Preferably, the layer sequence of the solar module 200 corresponds to the layer sequence shown in Figure 4 (from bottom to top): Support element 260, optional energy storage layer 220, optional thermal Insulating layer 240, photovoltaic layer 280, reflective layer 330, cover element 320, optional luminescent layer 210.

List of reference signs 200 Solar module 300 Cover unit 210 Luminescent layer 320 Ceiling element 220 Energy storage layer 321 Back of the cover element 240 Insulating layer 330 Reflective layer 260 Support element 332 Interference particles 261 Front of the support element 333 Matrix 270 Fasteners 280 Photovoltaic layer

Claims

1. A manufacturing method for manufacturing a cover unit (300) for a solar module (200), comprising the following steps: a. providing a planar cover element (320) that is at least transmissive to visible light, b. providing a printing paste, i. wherein the printing paste comprises a binder comprising a polyaminoamide and/or a polyamide resin and a plurality of interference particles (332) of a glass having a diameter of 50 nm to 1000 nm dispersed in the binder, and ii. wherein the interference particles (332) are configured for selective reflection of a partial spectrum of the visible light by interference, and c. screen printing of the printing paste at least on a planar rear side (321) of the cover element (320) to produce a reflective layer (330) for selective reflection of the partial spectrum.

2. Manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that a. the binder comprises a ceramic raw material, b. wherein the manufacturing process comprises, after screen printing the reflective layer (330), firing the binder to form a ceramic matrix (333), c. wherein the interference particles (332) are embedded in the ceramic matrix (333) after firing.

3. Manufacturing method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the binder contains the polyaminoamide and/or the polyamide resin in a mass concentration of 1 % to 75 %, preferably of 5 % to 55 %.

4. Manufacturing method according to any one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the interference particles (332) a. have a diameter of 100 nm to 800 nm; b. consist of a glass comprising silicon oxide (SiO2), boron oxide (B203),sodium oxide (Na2O), potassium oxide (K20) and/or aluminum oxide (A1203); and/or c. are contained in the printing paste at a mass concentration of 30 % to 70 %, preferably 45 % to 55 %, particularly preferably 50 %.

5. The manufacturing method according to any one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized by the step of: roughening of at least a partial face of the rear side (321) and/or of a front side of the cover element (320) opposite the rear side (321), wherein the roughening preferably a. takes place before screen printing the reflective layer (330) on the rear side (321), b. comprises a sandblasting, an etching, an embossing and/or a rolling of the rear side (321) and/or of the front side and/or c. leads to an RMS roughness of the rear side (321) and/or the front side of 30 nm to 100 pm, preferably of 80 nm to 10 pm.

6. Manufacturing method according to any one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a. the manufacturing method comprises a screen printing of a plurality of printing pastes at least on the rear side (321) of the cover element (320) to produce a plurality of reflective layers (330) for selectively reflecting mutually different partial spectra of visible light, b. wherein the printing pastes contain interference particles (332) for selective reflection of mutually different partial spectra of visible light by interference.

7. A cover unit (300) for a solar module (200), comprising a. a planar cover element (320) which is transmissive to visible light and b. a reflective layer (330) which is at least applied on a planar rear side (321) of the cover element (320) for selective reflection of a partial spectrum of visible light, c. wherein the reflective layer (330) comprises i. a visible light transmissive matrix (333) comprising a polyaminoamide and/or a polyamide resin and ii. a plurality of interference particles (332) of a glass with a diameter of 50 nm to 1000 nm distributed in the matrix (333), wherein the interference particles (332) are configured for selective reflection of the partial spectrum by interference, d. wherein the cover unit (300) is manufacturable by a manufacturing process according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A production method for producing a solar module (200), comprising the following steps: a. manufacturing a cover unit (300) by a manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, b. providing a planar support element (260), c. screen printing of a photovoltaic layer (280) for generating electrical energy from visible light on a planar front side (261) of the support element (260), i. wherein the screen printing of the photovoltaic layer (280) is preferably carried out with a printing paste comprising a fluorescent dye for converting ultraviolet light into visible light and/or a photoinitiator for initiating polymerization of the photovoltaic layer, and d. fastening the cover unit (300) on the support element (260) with a fastening means (270), wherein the rear side (321) of the cover element (320) of the cover unit (300) is aligned parallel to the front side (261) of the support element (260).

9. A production method for producing a solar module (200), comprising the following steps: a. manufacturing a cover unit (300) by a manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, b. screen printing of a photovoltaic layer (280) for generating electrical energy from visible light on the rear side (321) of the cover element (320) of the cover unit (300), i. wherein the screen printing of the photovoltaic layer (280) is preferably carried out with a printing paste comprising a fluorescent dye for converting ultraviolet light into visible light and/or a photoinitiator for initiating polymerization of the photovoltaic layer, c. providing a planar support element (260), and d. fastening of the cover unit (300) on the support element (260) by means of a fastening means (270), wherein the rear side (321) of the cover element (320) is aligned parallel to a planar front side (261) of the support element (260).

10. Production method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, the providing of the support element (260) comprises a casting of the support element (260) of a thermal insulating material, the thermal insulating material preferably comprising a cast mass including an expanded glass and a binder.

11. A solar module (200) obtainable by a production method according to any one of the claims 8 to 10, the solar module (200) comprising: a. a planar support element (260) and b. a cover unit (300) according to claim 7, c. wherein the cover unit (300) is fastened to the support element (260) by a fastening means (270), d. wherein the rear side (321) of the cover element (320) of the cover unit (300) is aligned parallel to a planar front side (261) of the support element (260), and e. wherein a photovoltaic layer (280) for generating electrical energy from visible light is arranged between the cover element (320) and the support element (260).

[Fig. 1]

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[Fig. 2]

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[Fig. 3]

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[Fig. 4]

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