Preparation method of biomass-based foam sandwich board material for partition wall
TECHNICAL FIELD The invention belongs to the technical fields of wood science and technology and green energy-saving building materials. And particularly relates to a preparation method of a kind of biomass-based foam sandwich board material for partition wall. It is prepared from agricultural straw or wood and bamboo processing residues through liquefaction, resinification, foaming, compositing and other processes.
BACKGROUND Plastic foam material has excellent properties such as light weight, heat insulation, sound absorption and moisture resistance, so it is widely used as sandwich material in the fields of light fast-installation wall, light packaging and room decoration. However, the production of plastic foam consumes excessive petrochemical resources, and the product is also flammable and difficult to degrade, which causes consumption of energy and rises environmental safety concerns. Therefore, it is of great significance to use renewable natural biomass materials instead of petrochemical products to develop light energy-saving building materials with flame retardancy and environmental protection.
SUMMARY The purpose of this invention is to provide preparation method of biomass-based foam sandwich board material for partition wall, In order to improve the utilization value of biomass materials, reduce the consumption of energy and materials, and improve the physical and mechanical properties, flame retardancy and environmental friendly performance of products, the invention provides a kind of foam sandwich board for partition wall by using agriculture, forestry and biomass materials. According to the technical scheme of the invention, the preparation method of the biomass-based foam sandwich board material for partition wall comprises the following process steps of preparing the biomass foam sandwich material, compositing the sandwich material with the surface panel, and other technical process Preparation of biomass foam materials (1) Charging 20% of the total amount of molten phenol, polyethylene glycol and cyclic carbonate into a reaction kettle, and simultaneously charging 20% of the total amount of the mixed catalyst of concentrated sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid into the reaction kettle, uniformly stirring and heating the mixture to 40-600 C. Drying and crushing agricultural straws or wood and bamboo processing residues, putting them into a reaction kettle, slowly charging the remaining 80% of molten phenol, polyethylene glycol and cyclic carbonate into the reaction kettle, and slowly charging the remaining 80% of concentrated sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid mixed catalyst into the reaction kettle. Continuously stirring and heating the mixture to 110-1400 C, and continuously reacting for 60-120 min. Cooling downbelow 800 C, slowly adding caustic soda solution, adjusting pH value, and continuously cooling down below 500 C. Adding methyl glucoside and paraformaldehyde into the mixture, stirring and heating to 80-900 C, let it continue to react, then cooling it downbelow 40 0C after the reaction is finished, and discharging the mixture to prepare foaming biomass liquefaction resin. (2) Adding the foamed biomass liquefaction resin, surfactant, foaming agent and curing agent into a container in sequence, stirring quickly and uniformly, pouring into a mold quickly, placing in an environment of 60-90 0C for foaming and curing, curing at 75 105 0C for 60-180 min, taking out and demoulding, and cooling down to prepare the biomass foam sandwich material. 1. Compositing biomass-based foam sandwich board with the surface panel (3) Slightly sanding the inner surface of the prepared thin surface bottom plate, coating with the room-temperature curing adhesive onit , placing the prepared biomass foam sandwich material between the coated surface and the bottom plate, pressurizing, unloading and taking out, stacking for more than 24h, and trimming to prepare the biomass-based foam sandwich material for partition wall. The method has the advantages that: 1. Adopting phenol, polyethylene glycol, cyclic carbonate as multiphase composite liquefier and concentrated sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid as mixed catalysts In the liquefaction process of agricultural and forestry waste residues and wood and bamboo processing residues, which not only accelerates the liquefaction conversion rate, but also converts it into low molecular structures with high reactivity, such as phenol type, furfural type, polyols and polycarboxylic acids that are low molecular structures with both soft and hard properties, and it introduces flame retardant phosphorus-containing groups. 2. In the process of resinifying, solid paraformaldehyde is used instead of formaldehyde solution, and methyl glucoside is added to form a tool system, which improves the reaction activity, reduces the formaldehyde emission, further enhances the flexibility of the resin, improves the hardness, brittleness and slag drop defects of foam materials, and makes the solid content of the resin reach more than 75% suitable for foaming. 3. In the foaming process, toluene sulfonic acid and N- hydroxymethy acrylamide are selected to be compounded. It can not only improve curing efficiency, but also catches formaldehyde and improve flame retardant effect. The compressive strength and flexural strength of biomass-based foam sandwich board composited with thin panel veneer are significantly improved, the surface decoration effect is good, and it has excellent properties of light weight, flame retardancy, sound absorption, moisture resistance and heat insulation.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Embodiment 1 Adding 250g of melted phenol, 150g of polyethylene glycol, 50g of ethylene carbonate, 4g of concentrated sulfuric acid and 3g of concentrated phosphoric acid into a reaction kettle in turn, starting a stirrer, stirring uniformly, heating to 400 C, slowly adding 375g of wood powder in batches and slowly adding 16g of concentrated sulfuric acid and 12g of concentrated phosphoric acid at the same time. Stirring and heating the mixture to 135 0C, let it react for 90min, and cooling to 800 C, adding 140 g of neutralized caustic soda solution (40% by mass), slowly adding 240 g of caustic soda solution (40% by mass) when the temperature drops below 600 C, stirring it for 20min, then cooling to 45 0C, adding 82.5g of methyl glucoside and 375g of solid paraformaldehyde, and slowly heat to 850 C. Reacting for 90min, cooling to 400 C, and discharging for later use.
Biomass liquefaction foaming resin prepared under the above conditions is a dark brown viscous opaque liquid with viscosity of 5240mPa.s, solid content of 78.5%, pH value of 11.5, and storage period of not less than 20 days. Mixing 1OOg of biomass liquefaction foaming resin, 8g of surfactant compounded by tween -80 and OP-10(1:1), 10g of foaming agent with n-pentane and petroleum ether (mixed according to the mass ratio of 8: 2), 1Og of methyl benzene sulfonic acid and 2g of n-hydroxymethylacrylamide are added into a container in turn. Stirring the mixture evenly, and quickly pouring it into a mold, placing it in an environment of 750 C for foaming and curing, aging in an environment of 950 C for 90 minutes, taking it out and demoulding, and cooling it to prepare the biomass foam sandwich material. The apparent density, foaming ratio, compressive strength and water absorption of the biomass foam sandwich material prepared under the above conditions are 0.15g/cm3, 6 times, 0.42MPa and 6.2%, respectively. The thermal conductivity of the foam is 0.031 w/m k, the average sound absorption coefficient is 0.504 in the medium frequency range (250 ~ 1200 Hz), and the limiting oxygen index is 40.7. Two medium density fiberboard sheets with 3mm thickness are sanded on one side and coated with polyurethane adhesive (120g/m2), the biomass foam sandwich panel with 24mm thickness prepared above is placed in the middle, and one MDF sheet coated with glue is laid on the upper and lower surfaces respectively to form a slab; The slab was pressed in a press at a unit pressure of 0.15MPa for 40min, then taken out and placed for 24h, and then trimmed to make a biomass foam sandwich composite board with a thickness of 30 mm. The density of the composite board is 0.25g/cm3, the compressive strength is 0.62MPa, the flexural strength is 8.5MPa, the flexural modulus is 95.1MPa, the thermal conductivity of foam is 0.039w/m.k, the average sound absorption coefficient in the medium frequency range (250 ~ 1200 Hz) is 0.412, and the limiting oxygen index is 38.4. The composite board is very suitable for indoor light partition wall material. Embodiment 2 Adding 200g of melted phenol, 200g of polyethylene glycol, 50g of ethylene carbonate, 4g of concentrated sulfuric acid and 3g of concentrated phosphoric acid into a reaction kettle in turn, starting a stirrer, stirring uniformly, heating to 400 C, slowly adding
375g of wood powder in batches, and slowly adding 16g of concentrated sulfuric acid and 12g of concentrated phosphoric acid at the same time; Stir and heat to 1350 C, react for 90min, cool to 80 0C, add 140 g of neutralized caustic soda solution (40% by mass), slowly drop 240 g of caustic soda solution (40% by mass) when the temperature drops below 60 0C, stirring for 20min, then cool to 450C, add 85g of methyl glucoside and 400g of solid paraformaldehyde, and slowly heat to 850 C. Reacting for 120min, cooling to 400 C, and discharging for later use. Mixing 100g of biomass liquefaction foaming resin, 8g of surfactant compounded by tween -80 and OP-10(1:1), 10g of foaming agent with n-pentane and petroleum ether (mixed according to the mass ratio of 8: 2), 1Og of methyl benzene sulfonic acid and 1g of n-hydroxymethylacrylamide are added into a container in turn. Stirring the mixture evenly, and quickly pouring it into a mold, placing it in an environment of 750 C for foaming and curing, aging in an environment of 950 C for 90 minutes, taking it out and demoulding, and cooling it to prepare the biomass foam sandwich material. Two medium density fiberboard sheets with 3mm thickness are sanded on one side and coated with polyurethane adhesive (120g/m2), the biomass foam sandwich panel with 24mm thickness prepared above is placed in the middle, and one MDF sheet coated with glue is laid on the upper and lower surfaces respectively to form a slab. The slab was pressed in a press at a unit pressure of 0.15MPa for 60min, then taken out and placed for 24h, and then trimmed to make a biomass foam sandwich composite board with a thickness of 30 mm. Embodiment 3 Adding 300g of melted phenol, 100g of polyethylene glycol, 25g of ethylene carbonate, 4g of concentrated sulfuric acid and 3g of concentrated phosphoric acid into a reaction kettle in turn, starting a stirrer, stirring uniformly, heating to 400 C, slowly adding 375g of wood powder in batches, and slowly adding 16g of concentrated sulfuric acid and 12g of concentrated phosphoric acid at the same time; Stir and heat to 1350 C, reacting for 90min, then cooling to 80 0C, adding 140 g of neutralized caustic soda solution (40% by mass), slowly drop 240 g of caustic soda solution (40% by mass) when the temperature drops below 600 C, stirring for 20min, then cooling to 450 C, adding 75g of methyl glucoside and 345g of solid paraformaldehyde, and slowly heat to 85C. Reacting for 120min, cooling to 400 C, and discharging for later use. Mixing 10Og of biomass liquefaction foaming resin, 8g of surfactant compounded by tween -80 and OP-10(1:1), 12g of foaming agent with n-pentane and petroleum ether (mixed according to the mass ratio of 6:4), 8g of methyl benzene sulfonic acid and 2g of n-hydroxymethylacrylamide are added into a container in turn. Stirring the mixture evenly, and quickly pouring it into a mold, placing it in an environment of 750 C for foaming and curing, aging in an environment of 950 C for 90 minutes, taking it out and demoulding, and cooling it to prepare the biomass foam sandwich material. Two medium density fiberboard sheets with 3mm thickness are sanded on one side and coated with polyurethane adhesive (100g/m2), the biomass foam sandwich panel with 26mm thickness prepared above is placed in the middle, and one MDF sheet coated with glue is laid on the upper and lower surfaces respectively to form a slab. The slab was pressed in a press at a unit pressure of 0.15MPa for 60min, then taken out and placed for 24h, and then trimmed to make a biomass foam sandwich composite board with a thickness of 30 mm. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any simple modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made to the above embodiments by any person familiar with this profession according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical scheme of the present invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention.