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AU2010294093B2 - Method and facility for producing oxygen through air distillation - Google Patents

Method and facility for producing oxygen through air distillation Download PDF

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Publication number
AU2010294093B2
AU2010294093B2 AU2010294093A AU2010294093A AU2010294093B2 AU 2010294093 B2 AU2010294093 B2 AU 2010294093B2 AU 2010294093 A AU2010294093 A AU 2010294093A AU 2010294093 A AU2010294093 A AU 2010294093A AU 2010294093 B2 AU2010294093 B2 AU 2010294093B2
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Australia
Prior art keywords
pressure
air
bar
columns
purification unit
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AU2010294093A
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AU2010294093A1 (en
Inventor
Marie Cognard
Richard Dubettier-Grenier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Publication of AU2010294093A1 publication Critical patent/AU2010294093A1/en
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Publication of AU2010294093B2 publication Critical patent/AU2010294093B2/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04163—Hot end purification of the feed air
    • F25J3/04169—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04012—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling
    • F25J3/04018—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling of main feed air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J3/04115—Arrangements of compressors and /or their drivers characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
    • F25J3/04121—Steam turbine as the prime mechanical driver
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    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
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    • F25J3/04133—Electrical motor as the prime mechanical driver
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    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
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    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04109—Arrangements of compressors and /or their drivers
    • F25J3/04145—Mechanically coupling of different compressors of the air fractionation process to the same driver(s)
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04193—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions
    • F25J3/04206—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions including a so-called "auxiliary vaporiser" for vaporising and producing a gaseous product
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
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    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04296—Claude expansion, i.e. expanded into the main or high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
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    • F25J3/04309—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of nitrogen
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
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    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04527—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general
    • F25J3/04533—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general for the direct combustion of fuels in a power plant, so-called "oxyfuel combustion"
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    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04527—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general
    • F25J3/04551—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general for the metal production
    • F25J3/04557—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general for the metal production for pig iron or steel making, e.g. blast furnace, Corex
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    • F25J2205/62—Purifying more than one feed stream in multiple adsorption vessels, e.g. for two feed streams at different pressures
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    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
    • F25J2250/42—One fluid being nitrogen

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  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)

Abstract

In a method for producing oxygen through the distillation of air supplied by air at atmospheric pressure so as to produce a first and second compressed air flow, and through a first purification unit (5) and a second purification unit (7), the first and second compressed air flows being discharged from the compression means at a first and second pressure, the first and second pressures being different pressures of at least 0.5 bar: the first compressed air flow is sent from a first outlet of the compression means to the first purifying unit at the first pressure so as to produce a first purified air flow; the first purified air flow is sent from the first purifying unit to a column of the column system (15); the second purified air flow is sent, in an at least partially condensed form, from the second purifying unit to a column of the column system; an oxygen-rich liquid is bled off from the column system; said oxygen-rich liquid is vaporized through heat exchange with at least the second purified air flow; and said oxygen-rich liquid is provided as a material.

Description

WO 2011/030050 PCT/FR2010/051854 Method and facility for producing oxygen through air distillation The present invention relates to a method and to a 5 facility for producing oxygen by distilling air. The invention applies for example to the production of very large quantities of oxygen in which the oxygen pressure required is in a range comprised, for example, between 5 and 20 bar. The oxygen is produced in one or more 10 large-sized air distillation units in which it is advantageous for the liquid oxygen produced in the distillation unit(s) to be brought to these pressures using pumps and for the liquid oxygen to be vaporized by exchange of heat with a calorigenic fluid compressed 15 to a pressure sufficient to allow the oxygen to vaporize, this calorigenic fluid typically being pressure boosted air. The always tricky use of oxygen compressors is thus avoided. 20 It is common practice in such air separation units (ASUs) for air to be compressed at atmospheric. pressure in one or more main air compressor(s) installed in parallel. The air thus compressed is cooled by refrigeration means, typically in a range comprised for 25 example between 5 and 40 0 C. The air thus cooled is processed in one or more purification unit(s) in which impurities such as water, CO 2 and hydrocarbons are, for the most part, eliminated. 30 Some of this air thus purified is sent to a pressure booster where it undergoes an additional compression step, typically to beyond 10 bar, and for example constitutes a calorigenic fluid used to vaporize the product or products such as oxygen. 35 The production of large quantities of oxygen by ASUs entails purifying large quantities of air in the purification units and in order to do that minimizing - 2 the size of these purification units that are able to process a given volume of air. The use of purification units of the concentric bed 5 type makes it possible to reduce the size of these units, something that can also be obtained by increasing the pressure of the purified air in these units, or by lowering the temperature thereof. 10 US-A-5337570 describes a method in which two air flows are purified at different pressures, but one of these flows then has its pressure boosted to a higher pressure so as to be able to vaporize a pressurized liquid oxygen flow. 15 The present invention seeks to alleviate the defects of the prior art and may make it possible to reduce the cost of investments by avoiding the addition of any air pressure booster after the purification unit(s) and 20 instead to have equivalent compression prior to the step of purifying the air in the purification unit(s) The purification units will process two air flows at two different pressures, the first air flow at a first 25 pressure of between 5 and 9 bar or potentially of between 2 and 4 bar and the second air flow at a second pressure of between 11 and 50 bar or potentially of between 4.5 and 8 bar. 30 The discussion of documents, acts, materials, devices, articles and the like is included in this specification solely for the purpose of providing a context for the present invention. It is not suggested or represented that any or all of these matters formed part of the 35 prior art base or were common general knowledge in the field relevant to the present invention as it existed before the priority date of each claim of this application.
- 2a Where the terms "comprise", "comprises", "comprised" or "comprising" are used in this specification (including the claims) they are to be interpreted as specifying the presence of the stated features, integers, steps or components, but not 5 precluding the presence of one or more other features, integers, steps or components, or group thereof. One subject of the invention is a method for producing oxygen by distilling air in an apparatus comprising at least one 10 system of columns, at least one exchange line, at least one compression means driven by an electric motor and/or by a steam turbine and supplied with air at atmospheric pressure to produce one first and one second pressurized air flow, one first purification unit, one second purification unit, the 15 first and second pressurized air flows leaving the WO 2011/030050 - 3 - PCT/FR2010/051854 compression means at a first and a second pressure, the second pressure being higher than the first by at least 0.5 bar, possibly by at least 5 bar, potentially by at least 10 bar, even by at least 25 bar, and the second 5 pressure being the highest pressure of any air flow intended to be fed into the system of columns; in which method the first pressurized air flow is sent from a first outlet of the compression means to the first purification unit substantially at the first pressure 10 in order to produce a first air flow that is purified in terms of water and in terms of carbon dioxide, the second pressurized air flow is sent from a second outlet of the compression means to the second purification unit substantially at the second pressure 15 in order to produce a second air flow that is purified in terms of water and in terms of carbon dioxide, the purified first flow is cooled in the exchange line, possibly at the first pressure, the purified second flow is cooled in the exchange line, possibly at the 20 second pressure, the purified first air flow is sent from the first purification unit to one column of the system of columns, the purified second air flow from the second purification unit is sent to one column of the system of columns at least in partially condensed 25 form, an oxygen-rich liquid is tapped off from the system of columns, vaporized, possibly in the exchange line or in an auxiliary vaporizer by exchanging heat at least with the purified second flow at the second pressure and is delivered as product. 30 According to other subjects of the invention; - The difference in pressure between the two pressurized air flows is at most 4 bar or possibly at least 1 bar and at most 3 bar. 35 - The difference in pressure between the two pressurized air flows is at least 5 bar and at most 30 bar, or possibly at least 15 bar and at most 25 bar.
- 4 - At least some of the purified first air flow is sent into the same column of the system of columns as the purified second air flow. - No part of the second flow is sent into a reboiler 5 of the system of columns. - The second pressure is higher than the first by at least 5 bar. - The second pressure is higher than the first by at least 10 bar. 10 - The second pressure is higher than the first by at most 25 bar. - The flow at the second pressure enters one column of the system of columns and is not used to heat a reboiler of the system of columns. 15 Another subject of the invention is a facility for producing oxygen by distilling air, comprising at least one system of columns, at least one exchange line, at least one compression means driven by a steam turbine 20 and/or by an electric motor, the compression means having a first and a second outlet, one first purification unit, one second purification unit, the compression means being designed to be supplied with air at atmospheric pressure and to produce, from the 25 first outlet, a first pressurized air flow at a first pressure and from the second outlet a second pressurized air flow at a second pressure, the second pressurized air flow being at a pressure that is higher, by at least 0.5 bar, possibly by at least 5 30 bar, potentially by at least 10 bar, even by at least 25 bar, than the pressure of the first pressurized air flow, a first pipe for connecting the first outlet to the first purification unit, a second pipe for connecting the second outlet to the second purification 35 unit, a third pipe for connecting the first purification unit to the exchange line, a fourth pipe for connecting the second purification unit to the exchange line, no means of boosting the air pressure being connected downstream of the second purification Speci (pre-filing amendments)_934101_BDJ_06.03.2012 - 5 unit, a fifth pipe connecting the exchange line to one column of the system of columns, a sixth pipe for connecting the exchange line to one column of the system of columns, a pipe for tapping off an oxygen 5 rich liquid from the system of columns and for sending to a vaporizer (25), possibly consisting of the exchange line, means for sending at least part of the purified second flow to the vaporizer where it condenses and in which facility there is no means of 10 compressing air between the first outlet and the first purification unit and there is no means of compressing air between the second outlet and the exchange line, or potentially the system of columns. 15 According to other aspects of the invention: - The compression means comprises a first compressor and a second compressor, means for supplying the first compressor and the second compressor with air at atmospheric pressure, the first and second compressors 20 possibly being driven by a common steam turbine. - Just one of the first and second air compressors comprises intermediate coolants (isothermal compression) - The facility may comprise means for sending air 25 from the outlet of that one of the two air compressors that does not have an intermediate coolant to a heat exchanger, and means for sending at least one fluid from the system of columns and/or water to the exchanger where it is heated up. 30 Another subject of the invention is a method of producing oxygen by distilling air in an apparatus comprising n systems of columns, where n 2, n exchange lines, at least one first compressor compressing 35 atmospheric air in order to produce an air flow at a first pressure, at least one second compressor compressing atmospheric air to produce an air flow at a second pressure, the first pressure being lower by at least 0.5 bar, possibly by at least 5 bar, potentially Speci (pre-filing amendments)_934101_BDJ_06 03.2012 - 6 by at least 10 bar, or even by at least 25 bar, than the second pressure, and the second pressure being the highest pressure of any air pressure intended for distillation, in which method air at the first pressure 5 is sent from at least one first compressor to at least one first purification unit, air at the second pressure is sent from at least one second compressor to at least one second purification unit, air at the first pressure is sent from the first purification unit to at least 10 two systems of columns, air at the second pressure is sent from the second purification unit to at least two systems of columns, and oxygen is produced from at least one of the systems of columns. 15 Another subject of the invention is a facility for producing oxygen by distilling air in an apparatus comprising n systems of columns, where n>2, n exchange lines, at least one first compressor compressing atmospheric air in order to produce an air flow at a 20 first pressure, at least one second compressor compressing atmospheric air to produce an air flow at a second pressure, the first pressure being lower by at least 0.5 bar, possibly by at least 5 bar, potentially by at least 10 bar, or even by at least 25 bar, than 25 the second pressure, at least one first purification unit, at least one second purification unit, means for sending air at the first pressure taken from the first compressor(s) to the first purification unit(s), means for sending air at the second pressure taken from the 30 second compressor(s) to the second purification unit(s), means for sending air to at least two systems of columns from the first purification unit(s) and means for sending air to the two systems of columns from the second purification unit(s), in which facility 35 there is no compression means between the first compressor(s) and the first purification unit(s) and there is no compression means between the second Speci (pre-fiting amendments)_9341 01_BDJ_06.03.2012 WO 2011/030050 - 7 - PCT/FR2010/051854 compressor(s) and the exchange lines, or potentially the systems of columns. For preference, there is no means of connecting the 5 outlet of (one of) the first compressor(s) to the outlet of (one of) the second compressor(s) and/or there is no means of connecting the outlet of (one of) the first purification unit(s) to the outlet of (one of) the second purification unit(s). 10 Thus, there is an independent circuit supplied by at least two compressors producing air at the first pressure and an independent circuit supplied by at least two compressors producing air at the second 15 pressure, each of the two circuits supplying at least two independent systems of columns. Some embodiments will now be described in relation to the attached drawings which depict air separation 20 facilities according to the invention. The facility depicted in figure 1 is intended to supply oxygen to one or more iron smelting-reduction unit(s) (Corex@/Finex@) or to one or more oxycombustion unit(s) 25 for example. In the first case, the pressure of the oxygen supplied is comprised in a range from 5 to 15 bar. In the second case, the pressure of the oxygen supplied is comprised in a range of 1 to 5 bar (preferably 1 to 2 bar abs). 30 The facility comprises one first compressor 1 and one second compressor 3, installed on the same site, means for supplying the first compressor and the second compressor with air at atmospheric pressure, the first 35 and the second compressor being driven by electric motors and respectively bringing the air to a first pressure comprised between 2.5 and 8 bar and to a second pressure comprised between 4 and 30 bar.
WO 2011/030050 - 8 - PCT/FR2010/051854 The two separate compressed air flows leaving the two air compressors are cooled for example using a final coolant, before being sent into a first and a second 5 purification unit 5 and 7, one of the air flows being substantially at the first pressure and the second substantially at the second pressure. The purified first air flow is sent into the main 10 exchange line 13 by means of the pipe 11 and the purified second air flows is sent into the main exchange line 13 by means of the pipe 9. Once it has been cooled in the exchanger 13, the first 15 air flow is introduced into the system of columns 15, the second air flow is introduced into the system of columns 15 in at least partially condensed form after having passed through an auxiliary vaporizer 25 using an oxygen-rich liquid tapped off from the system of 20 columns 15 by means of a pipe 17 and a pump 23. The first air flow introduced into the system of columns 15 is at least partially introduced into the same column as the second air flow introduced at least partially condensed into the system of columns 15 (for example 25 the high-pressure column of a double column comprising a high-pressure column and a low-pressure column). Figure 2 illustrates a first alternative form of this facility in which just one of the first and second air 30 compressors comprises intermediate coolants (isothermal compression) namely the compressor 1, means for sending air taken from the outlet of that one of the two air compressors that does not comprise an intermediate coolant to a heat exchanger 31, and means for sending 35 at least one fluid taken from the system of columns and/or water to the exchanger where it is heated up.
WO 2011/030050 - 9 - PCT/FR2010/051854 The two compressed air flows leaving the two air compressors are sent into two purification units 5 and 7, one of them substantially at the first pressure and the second substantially at the second pressure. 5 The purified first air flow is sent into the main exchange line 13 by means of pipes 11 and the purified second air flow is sent into the main exchange line 13 by means of the pipe 9. 10 Once it has been cooled in the exchanger 13, the first air flow is introduced into the system of columns 15, the second air flow is introduced into the system of columns 15 in at least partially condensed form after 15 having passed through an auxiliary vaporizer 25 using an oxygen-rich liquid tapped off from the system of columns 15 by means of a pipe 17 and a pump 23. The first air flow introduced into the system of columns 15 is at least partially introduced into the same column 20 as the at least partially condensed second air flow 15. The oxygen-rich liquid tapped off from the system of columns 15 by means of the pipe 17 and which was vaporized in the auxiliary vaporizer 25 against the purified second air flow, is introduced into the heat 25 exchanger 31 and allows the cooling of the air compressed in the compressor 1 comprising no intermediate coolants. The facility depicted in figure 3 represents a second 30 variant, intended for supplying oxygen to an iron smelting-reduction unit (Corex@/Finex@) . The pressure of the oxygen supplied is comprised in a range from 5 to 15 bar (preferably from 8 to 12 bar abs). 35 The facility comprises a first compressor 1 and a second compressor 3, means for supplying the first compressor and the second compressor with air at atmospheric pressure, the first and second compressors WO 2011/030050 - 10 - PCT/FR2010/051854 being driven by a common steam turbine 39 and respectively bringing the air to a first pressure of between 4 and 7 bar and to a second pressure of between 10 and 30 bar. 5 The two compressed air flows leaving the two air compressors are sent into two purification units 5 and 7, one of them substantially at the first pressure and the second substantially at the second pressure. 10 A first portion of the purified first air flow is sent into the main exchange line 13 by means of the pipes 11 and the purified second air flow is sent into the main exchange line 13 by means of the pipe 9. 15 The second portion of the purified first air flow is sent into the compressor 33 of a booster turbine by means of the pipe 29, before being cooled in the main exchange line 13 and then expanded in the turbine 20 part 35 of the booster turbine. The air expanded in the turbine 35 is sent into the system of columns via the pipe 41. The purified second air flow, once cooled in the 25 exchange line, is introduced into the system of columns 15 by means of the pipe 43. As in the other cases, the first air flow introduced into the system of columns 15 is introduced at least 30 partially into the same column as the second air flow introduced at least partially condensed into the system of columns 15. Figure 4 illustrates a third alternative form derived 35 from figure 3 in which just one of the first and second air compressors (the compressor 3) comprises intermediate coolants (isothermal compression), comprising means for sending air from the outlet of WO 2011/030050 - 11 - PCT/FR2010/051854 that one of the two air compressors that does not have an intermediate coolant to a heat exchanger and means for sending water to the exchanger where it heats up. 5 Figure 5 describes a fourth variant of the facility described in figure 1, in which the two compressors are combined into one and the same machine 3, for example an axial-radial compressor. 10 Figure 6 describes an additional variant in which n facilities described in figure 1 are interconnected. This figure, for the sake of clarity, shows the case n=2: thus it shows two facilities as described in figure 1, interconnected by means of the pipes 45 and 15 47 on the one hand, and 49 and 51 on the other. Thus, the pipe 45 connects the outlet of the compressor 1 and that of the compressor 1', and the pipe 47 connects the outlet of the compressor 3 and that of the compressor 3'; the pipe 49 connects the outlet of the purification 20 means 7 with that of the purification means 7', and finally, the pipe 51 connects the outlet of the purification means 5 with that of the purification means 5'. 25 The first of the two interconnected facilities comprises a first and second compressor 1 and 3, the second facility comprises a first and a second compressor 1' and 3'. The first compressors 1 and 1' and the second compressors 3 and 3' are supplied with 30 air at atmospheric pressure, the first and second compressors being driven by electric motors and respectively bringing the air to a first pressure comprised between 2.5 and 8 bar and to a second pressure comprised between 4 and 30 bar. 35 The air flows pressurized by the compressors 1 and 1' on the one hand, and 3 and 3' on the other, are cooled for example using a final coolant before being sent WO 2011/030050 - 12 - PCT/FR2010/051854 into the first purification units 7 and 7' on the one hand, and into the second purification units 5 and 5' on the other, the air flows being substantially at the first pressure on the one hand in the case of the flows 5 taken from the compressors 1 and 1', and substantially at the second pressure on the other hand in the case of the flows taken from the compressors 3 and 3'. The facility comprises a pipe 45 connecting the first 10 air flows compressed by the first compressors 1 and 1', and a pipe 47 connecting the second air flows compressed by the second compressors 3 and 3'. The facility also comprises a pipe 49 connecting the first air flows purified by the purification means 7 and 7', 15 and a pipe 51 connecting the second air flows purified by the purification means 5 and 5'. The system of columns 15 in all the figures may comprise just one column, a conventional double column 20 or a triple column with a high-pressure column, an intermediate-pressure column and a low-pressure column, amongst others.

Claims (17)

1. A method for producing oxygen by distilling air in an apparatus comprising at least one system of columns, 5 at least one exchange line, at least one compression means driven by an electric motor and/or by a steam turbine and supplied with air at atmospheric pressure to produce one first and one second pressurized air flow, one first purification unit, one second 10 purification unit, the first and second pressurized air flows leaving the compression means at a first and a second pressure, the second pressure being higher than the first by at least 0.5 bar, possibly by at least 5 bar, potentially by at least 10 bar, even by at least 15 25 bar, and the second pressure being the highest pressure of any air flow intended to be fed into the system of columns; in which method the first pressurized air flow is sent from a first outlet of the compression means to the first purification unit 20 substantially at the first pressure in order to produce a first air flow that is purified in terms of water and in terms of carbon dioxide, the second pressurized air flow is sent from a second outlet of the compression means to the second purification unit substantially at 25 the second pressure in order to produce a second air flow that is purified in terms of water and in terms of carbon dioxide, the purified first flow is cooled in the exchange line, possibly at the first pressure, the purified second flow is cooled in the exchange line, 30 possibly at the second pressure, the purified first air flow is sent from the first purification unit to one column of the system of columns, the purified second air flow from the second purification unit is sent to one column of the system of columns at least in 35 partially condensed form, an oxygen-rich liquid is tapped off from the system of columns, vaporized, possibly in the exchange line or in an auxiliary vaporizer by exchanging heat at least with the purified - 14 second flow at the second pressure and is delivered as product.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, in which the 5 difference in pressure between the two pressurized air flows is at most 4 bar or possibly at least 1 bar and at most 3 bar.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, in which the 10 difference in pressure between the two pressurized air flows is at least 5 bar and at most 30 bar, or possibly at least 15 bar and at most 25 bar.
4. The method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, 15 in which at least some of the purified first air flow is sent into the same column of the system of columns as the purified second air flow.
5. The method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, 20 in which no part of the second flow is sent into a reboiler of the system of columns.
6. The method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the second pressure is higher than the 25 first by at least 5 bar.
7. The method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the second pressure is higher than the first by at least 10 bar. 30
8. The method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the second pressure is higher than the first by at most 25 bar. 35
9. A facility for producing oxygen by distilling air, comprising at least one system of columns, at least one exchange line, at least one compression means driven by a steam turbine and/or by an electric motor, the - 15 compression means having a first and a second outlet, one first purification unit, one second purification unit, the compression means being designed to be supplied with air at atmospheric pressure and to 5 produce, from the first outlet, a first pressurized air flow at a first pressure and from the second outlet a second pressurized air flow at a second pressure, the second pressurized air flow being at a pressure that is higher, by at least 0.5 bar, possibly by at least 5 10 bar, potentially by at least 10 bar, even by at least 25 bar, than the pressure of the first pressurized air flow, a first pipe for connecting the first outlet to the first purification unit, a second pipe for connecting the second outlet to the second purification 15 unit, a third pipe for connecting the first purification unit to the exchange line, a fourth pipe for connecting the second purification unit to the exchange line, no means of boosting the air pressure being connected downstream of the second purification 20 unit, a fifth pipe connecting the exchange line to one column of the system of columns, a sixth pipe for connecting the exchange line to one column of the system of columns, a pipe for tapping off an oxygen rich liquid from the system of columns and for sending 25 to a vaporizer, possibly consisting of the exchange line, means for sending at least part of the purified second flow to the vaporizer where it condenses and in which facility there is no means of compressing air between the first outlet and the first purification 30 unit and there is no means of compressing air between the second outlet and the exchange line, or potentially the system of columns.
10. The facility as claimed in claim 9, in which the 35 compression means comprises a first compressor and a second compressor, means for supplying the first compressor and the second compressor with air at - 16 atmospheric pressure, the first and second compressors possibly being driven by a common steam turbine.
11. The facility as claimed in claim 9 or 10, in which 5 just one of the first and second air compressors comprises intermediate coolants (isothermal compression).
12. The facility as claimed in claim 11, comprising 10 means for sending air from the outlet of that one of the two air compressors that does not have an intermediate coolant to a heat exchanger, and means for sending at least one fluid from the system of columns and/or water to the exchanger where it is heated up. 15
13. A method of producing oxygen by distilling air in an apparatus comprising n systems of columns, where n>2, n exchange lines, at least one first compressor compressing atmospheric air in order to produce an air 20 flow at a first pressure, at least one second compressor compressing atmospheric air to produce an air flow at a second pressure, the first pressure being lower by at least 0.5 bar, possibly by at least 5 bar, potentially by at least 10 bar, or even by at least 25 25 bar, than the second pressure, and the second pressure being the highest pressure of any air pressure intended for distillation, in which method air at the first pressure is sent from at least one first compressor to at least one first purification unit, air at the second 30 pressure is sent from at least one second compressor to at least one second purification unit, air at the first pressure is sent from the first purification unit to at least two exchange lines and therefrom to at least two column systems, air at the second pressure is sent from 35 the second purification unit to the at least two exchange lines and therefrom to the at least two column systems, and oxygen is produced from at least one of the systems of columns. - 17
14. A facility for producing oxygen by distilling air in an apparatus comprising n systems of columns, where n>2, n exchange lines, at least one first compressor 5 compressing atmospheric air in order to produce an air flow at a first pressure, at least one second compressor compressing atmospheric air to produce an air flow at a second pressure, the first pressure being lower by at least 0.5 bar, possibly by at least 5 bar, 10 potentially by at least 10 bar, or even by at least 25 bar, than the second pressure, at least one first purification unit, at least one second purification unit, means for sending air at the first pressure from the first compressor(s) to the first purification 15 unit(s), means for sending air at the second pressure from the second compressor(s) to the second purification unit(s), means for sending air from the first purification unit to at least two column systems via at least two exchange lines, means for sending air 20 from the second purification unit to at least two column systems via the at least two exchange lines, in which facility there is no compression means between the first compressor(s) and the first purification unit(s) and there is no compression means between the 25 second compressor(s) and the exchange lines, or potentially the systems of columns.
15. Oxygen produced by the method of any one of claims 1 to 8 or 13. 30
16. The method as claimed in claim 1 or 13, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to any one of the Figures. 35
17. The facility as claimed in claim 9 or 14, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to any one of the Figures.
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FR2949846A1 (en) 2011-03-11
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