AU2007101174A4 - Improved method of capturing carbon dioxide and converting to carbonate anions and then combining with calcium cations to form calcium carbonate - Google Patents
Improved method of capturing carbon dioxide and converting to carbonate anions and then combining with calcium cations to form calcium carbonate Download PDFInfo
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- AU2007101174A4 AU2007101174A4 AU2007101174A AU2007101174A AU2007101174A4 AU 2007101174 A4 AU2007101174 A4 AU 2007101174A4 AU 2007101174 A AU2007101174 A AU 2007101174A AU 2007101174 A AU2007101174 A AU 2007101174A AU 2007101174 A4 AU2007101174 A4 AU 2007101174A4
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- calcium
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- carbon dioxide
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/151—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2
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- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Description
AUSTRALIA
Patents Act 1990 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION INNOVATION PATENT IMPROVED METHOD OF CAPTURING CARBON DIOXIDE AND CONVERTING TO CARBONATE ANIONS AND THEN COMBINING WITH CALCIUM CATIONS TO FORM CALCIUM CARBONATE.
The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best methods of performing it known to us: IMPROVED METHOD OF CAPTURING CARBON DIOXIDE AND O CONVERTING TO CARBONATE ANIONS AND THEN COMBINING WITH CALCIUM CATIONS TO FORM CALCIUM CARBONATE To be read in conjunction with the Innovation Patent "IMPROVED METHOD OF SEQUESTERING CARBON DIOXIDE AS 0CALCIUM CARBONATE 2007100157" Further Research and Development has led to additional information relating 10 to chemical conditions and parameters which further speed up the process of capturing carbon dioxide and converting it to carbonate anions. This speeds up the process of sequestration of carbon dioxide as calcium carbonate.
The additional information relates to: 1 Speeding up the formation of carbonate anions from carbon dioxide.
2 Demonstrating the instant reaction of carbonate anions with calcium cations to form calcium carbonate.
3 Increasing the availability of calcium cations.
4 Reducing the amount of water necessary for the process.
Removal of atmospheric carbon dioxide to prevent physiological effects on humans.
1 Speeding up the formation of carbonate anions from carbon dioxide.
Carbonate anions convert from carbon dioxide gas through three stages.
The first stage is carbonic acid (H2CO3). Carbon dioxide has added to a water molecule.
The second stage is the bicarbonate anion (HC03--) which has a single negative charge. The carbonic acid has ionised into a proton H+ and a bicarbonate anion.
The third stage is the carbonate anion (C03-- which has a double negative charge. The bicarbonate anion has lost another proton H+ to form the carbonate anion.
The formation of carbonate anions from carbon dioxide is speeded up by increasing the pH or alkalinity of the aqueous medium. There are a number of ways of increasing the pH or alkalinity.
A method of increasing the pH is to electrolyse a seawater, brine or reconstituted salt solution. (Refer to Diagram 1) Electrolysing sodium chloride, NaCI, aqueous solution is well known science and produces sodium hydroxide in situ. Hydrogen and chlorine gases are evolved at the electrodes. Hydrogen is evolved at the cathode and chlorine is evolved at the anode. Both of these materials are valuable by-products of the sequestration process.
The sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution in the electrolytic cell will be able to absorb the acidic gas carbon dioxide very rapidly to form sodium carbonate (Na2CO3). The carbon dioxide has thus been captured as sodium carbonate in an aqueous solution.
2 Demonstrating the instant reaction of carbonate anions with calcium cations to form calcium carbonate.
The demonstration of the technology can be shown by adding sodium S 5 carbonate solution to seawater. A white precipitate of calcium carbonate is formed showing that the formation of the calcium carbonate is instantaneous.
Calcium carbonate will form instantaneously in the electrolytic cell as carbonate anions react with calcium cations from the seawater. This illustrates 10 that the natural reaction which takes place very slowly in nature at the normal alkalinity or pH of seawater can be speeded up to be essentially instantaneous in the electrolytic cell.
0 S3 Increasing the availability of calcium cations.
Seawater is used since it is a calcium cation source and is freely available.
This is a replication of a natural process. The level of calcium cations in seawater is low at 411 ppm and a lot of seawater is needed to provide the substantial amount of calcium cations to sequester the large amounts of carbon dioxide. The sodium carbonate formed in the electrolytic cell will react with the limited amount of calcium cations from the seawater to form the calcium carbonate but can also be taken to an external source of calcium cations to precipitate further calcium carbonate. (Refer to Diagram 2) The sodium carbonate solution can also be put into a large volume of seawater or taken to a calcium sulphate deposit to provide the calcium needed to precipitate the calcium carbonate. (Refer to Diagram 3) A suitable source of calcium is the mineral calcium sulphate.
Calcium sulphate, also known as gypsum, occurs in vast deposits around the earth. Calcium sulphate is slightly soluble in water and this solubility is increased in the presence of the sodium chloride as found in seawater.
Calcium sulphate placed either in the electrolytic cell or in close proximity to the cell will be able to replenish the calcium removed as calcium carbonate.
The net result of this design is to convert the mineral calcium sulphate into the mineral calcium carbonate and achieve the desired sequestration of the carbon dioxide which was absorbed in the process.
The calcium sulphate provides sacrificial calcium and dissolves away.
Other sacrificial materials may be suitable to provide a convenient source of calcium cations.
4 Reducing the amount of water necessary for the process.
The amount of water (seawater,brine or reconstituted salt water) needed may be drasticallly reduced by replenishing the calcium which is removed from the seawater by absorbing calcium from another source. Increasing the availability of calcium cations from calcium suphate will result in a reduction in 0 the amount of seawater required for the process.
0If the process water is continuously recycled then increasing the availability of calcium from calcium sulphate will also result in a huge reduction in the 5 amount of seawater required for the process.
In inland situations where it is not feasible to have seawater as the calcium 0 cation and sodium chloride source it will be possible to make the aqueous medium, reconstituted salt water, from any suitable water source ie bore water, brine, wastewater plus sodium chloride (as salt) and calcium sulphate.
Removal of atmospheric carbon dioxide to prevent physiological effects on humans.
C OThe increase in carbon dioxide levels has produced widespread concern on the effects on global warming. There is another deleterious effect which is a cause for concern and that is the effect on human physiology.
There will be a need to absorb carbon dioxide from the air that is being breathed by humans to prevent effects on the physiology which will result in impairment to human function.
Carbon dioxide absorbers for the domestic, workplace, social, shopping centres, personal transport vehicles and travel and commercial environments will be needed to maintain carbon dioxide at levels where human beings are able to function normally.
Design of these absorbers for fixed installations will be aimed at removal of carbon dioxide in the enclosed air to suitable levels.
Refer to Diagram 4) For transport vehicles where weight is a consideration the carbon dioxide would need to be captured only as sodium carbonate using a mobile version of the electrolytic cell. The carbon dioxide can be sequestered later on by treatment with a calcium cation rich source. Refer to Diagram 3)
Claims (5)
- 01. Sodium hydroxide can be generated in an electrolytic cell by the electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride from seawater, brine or 5 reconstituted salt water, to create the high pH or high alkalinity to capture carbon dioxide and convert to carbonate anions rapidly. 0 The carbon dioxide has been captured as sodium carbonate in aqueous solution. 10
- 2. When carbonate anions as in claim 1 are mixed with calcium cations in aqueous solution there is an instantaneous precipitate of calcium carbonate and the carbon dioxide has now been permanently sequestered as calcium carbonate. This demonstrates that the slow natural process has been speeded up to be instantaneous. 0
- 3. The water (seawater, brine or reconstituted salt water) with depleted calcium cations after the precipitation of calcium carbonate as in claim 2 can have the calcium cations replaced by passing over calcium sulphate or another suitable source of calcium cations.
- 4. The amount of water (seawater, brine or reconstituted salt water) may be significantly reduced using the process of recirculating the water as in claim 3
- 5. The aqueous sodium carbonate solution as in claim 1 can be mixed in situ with calcium cations or transported to a remote source of calcium cations for the permanent sequestration of the carbon dioxide as calcium carbonate. KENNETH GREEN 4 DECEMBER 2007 GRAHAM EDWARD THOMS
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2007101174A AU2007101174A4 (en) | 2007-12-10 | 2007-12-10 | Improved method of capturing carbon dioxide and converting to carbonate anions and then combining with calcium cations to form calcium carbonate |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| AU2007101174A AU2007101174A4 (en) | 2007-12-10 | 2007-12-10 | Improved method of capturing carbon dioxide and converting to carbonate anions and then combining with calcium cations to form calcium carbonate |
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| AU2007101174A4 true AU2007101174A4 (en) | 2008-01-31 |
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| AU2007101174A Ceased AU2007101174A4 (en) | 2007-12-10 | 2007-12-10 | Improved method of capturing carbon dioxide and converting to carbonate anions and then combining with calcium cations to form calcium carbonate |
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Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7914758B2 (en) | 2008-11-19 | 2011-03-29 | Murray Kenneth D | Captured CO2 from atmospheric, industrial and vehicle combustion waste |
| US20110171107A1 (en) * | 2010-01-07 | 2011-07-14 | California Institute Of Technology | System for halting the increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide and method of operation thereof |
| US8006446B2 (en) | 2008-09-30 | 2011-08-30 | Calera Corporation | CO2-sequestering formed building materials |
| US8333944B2 (en) | 2007-12-28 | 2012-12-18 | Calera Corporation | Methods of sequestering CO2 |
| US8357270B2 (en) | 2008-07-16 | 2013-01-22 | Calera Corporation | CO2 utilization in electrochemical systems |
| US8470275B2 (en) | 2008-09-30 | 2013-06-25 | Calera Corporation | Reduced-carbon footprint concrete compositions |
| US8491858B2 (en) | 2009-03-02 | 2013-07-23 | Calera Corporation | Gas stream multi-pollutants control systems and methods |
| WO2014101641A1 (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-07-03 | 武汉凯迪工程技术研究总院有限公司 | Comprehensive treatment process and apparatus for solid fuel power station waste |
| US8834688B2 (en) | 2009-02-10 | 2014-09-16 | Calera Corporation | Low-voltage alkaline production using hydrogen and electrocatalytic electrodes |
| US8869477B2 (en) | 2008-09-30 | 2014-10-28 | Calera Corporation | Formed building materials |
| US9133581B2 (en) | 2008-10-31 | 2015-09-15 | Calera Corporation | Non-cementitious compositions comprising vaterite and methods thereof |
| US9260314B2 (en) | 2007-12-28 | 2016-02-16 | Calera Corporation | Methods and systems for utilizing waste sources of metal oxides |
| CN112723401A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-30 | 云南省盐业有限公司 | Method for preparing vaterite type calcium carbonate from rock salt brine at room temperature |
| JP6906111B1 (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2021-07-21 | 健司 反町 | Carbon fixation device, energy circulation type power generation device, carbon dioxide fixation method, and energy circulation type power generation method |
| JP6906112B1 (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2021-07-21 | 健司 反町 | Energy circulation type power generation device and energy circulation type power generation method |
| WO2021149284A1 (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2021-07-29 | 健司 反町 | Carbon dioxide fixation device, energy circulation-type power generation device, carbon dioxide fixation method, and energy circulation-type power generation method |
| WO2021149285A1 (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2021-07-29 | 健司 反町 | Energy-recirculating power generation device, and energy-recirculating power generation method |
| US11305228B2 (en) | 2019-08-29 | 2022-04-19 | Kenji SORIMACHI | Method for fixing carbon dioxide, method for producing fixed carbon dioxide, and fixed carbon dioxide production apparatus |
-
2007
- 2007-12-10 AU AU2007101174A patent/AU2007101174A4/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (25)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9260314B2 (en) | 2007-12-28 | 2016-02-16 | Calera Corporation | Methods and systems for utilizing waste sources of metal oxides |
| US8333944B2 (en) | 2007-12-28 | 2012-12-18 | Calera Corporation | Methods of sequestering CO2 |
| US8357270B2 (en) | 2008-07-16 | 2013-01-22 | Calera Corporation | CO2 utilization in electrochemical systems |
| US8894830B2 (en) | 2008-07-16 | 2014-11-25 | Celera Corporation | CO2 utilization in electrochemical systems |
| US8470275B2 (en) | 2008-09-30 | 2013-06-25 | Calera Corporation | Reduced-carbon footprint concrete compositions |
| US8431100B2 (en) | 2008-09-30 | 2013-04-30 | Calera Corporation | CO2-sequestering formed building materials |
| US8006446B2 (en) | 2008-09-30 | 2011-08-30 | Calera Corporation | CO2-sequestering formed building materials |
| US8603424B2 (en) | 2008-09-30 | 2013-12-10 | Calera Corporation | CO2-sequestering formed building materials |
| US8869477B2 (en) | 2008-09-30 | 2014-10-28 | Calera Corporation | Formed building materials |
| US9133581B2 (en) | 2008-10-31 | 2015-09-15 | Calera Corporation | Non-cementitious compositions comprising vaterite and methods thereof |
| US7914758B2 (en) | 2008-11-19 | 2011-03-29 | Murray Kenneth D | Captured CO2 from atmospheric, industrial and vehicle combustion waste |
| US9267211B2 (en) | 2009-02-10 | 2016-02-23 | Calera Corporation | Low-voltage alkaline production using hydrogen and electrocatalytic electrodes |
| US8834688B2 (en) | 2009-02-10 | 2014-09-16 | Calera Corporation | Low-voltage alkaline production using hydrogen and electrocatalytic electrodes |
| US8883104B2 (en) | 2009-03-02 | 2014-11-11 | Calera Corporation | Gas stream multi-pollutants control systems and methods |
| US8491858B2 (en) | 2009-03-02 | 2013-07-23 | Calera Corporation | Gas stream multi-pollutants control systems and methods |
| US20110171107A1 (en) * | 2010-01-07 | 2011-07-14 | California Institute Of Technology | System for halting the increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide and method of operation thereof |
| WO2014101641A1 (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-07-03 | 武汉凯迪工程技术研究总院有限公司 | Comprehensive treatment process and apparatus for solid fuel power station waste |
| US11305228B2 (en) | 2019-08-29 | 2022-04-19 | Kenji SORIMACHI | Method for fixing carbon dioxide, method for producing fixed carbon dioxide, and fixed carbon dioxide production apparatus |
| JP6906111B1 (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2021-07-21 | 健司 反町 | Carbon fixation device, energy circulation type power generation device, carbon dioxide fixation method, and energy circulation type power generation method |
| JP6906112B1 (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2021-07-21 | 健司 反町 | Energy circulation type power generation device and energy circulation type power generation method |
| WO2021149284A1 (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2021-07-29 | 健司 反町 | Carbon dioxide fixation device, energy circulation-type power generation device, carbon dioxide fixation method, and energy circulation-type power generation method |
| WO2021149285A1 (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2021-07-29 | 健司 反町 | Energy-recirculating power generation device, and energy-recirculating power generation method |
| JPWO2021149281A1 (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2021-07-29 | ||
| JP7008305B2 (en) | 2020-01-22 | 2022-01-25 | 健司 反町 | How to fix carbon dioxide and how to make fixed carbon dioxide |
| CN112723401A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-30 | 云南省盐业有限公司 | Method for preparing vaterite type calcium carbonate from rock salt brine at room temperature |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FGI | Letters patent sealed or granted (innovation patent) | ||
| MK22 | Patent ceased section 143a(d), or expired - non payment of renewal fee or expiry |