AU2002359218B2 - Aqueous silica-containing composition and process for production of paper - Google Patents
Aqueous silica-containing composition and process for production of paper Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU2002359218B2 AU2002359218B2 AU2002359218A AU2002359218A AU2002359218B2 AU 2002359218 B2 AU2002359218 B2 AU 2002359218B2 AU 2002359218 A AU2002359218 A AU 2002359218A AU 2002359218 A AU2002359218 A AU 2002359218A AU 2002359218 B2 AU2002359218 B2 AU 2002359218B2
- Authority
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- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- silica
- anionic
- containing composition
- organic polymer
- aqueous
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 284
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 129
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- NVVZQXQBYZPMLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound O=C.C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 NVVZQXQBYZPMLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 38
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004117 Lignosulphonate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019357 lignosulphonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920005611 kraft lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 101150039033 Eci2 gene Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 21
- -1 aluminium modified silica particles Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 229920006318 anionic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- PTBDIHRZYDMNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)C(O)=O PTBDIHRZYDMNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000004804 polysaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 244000303965 Cyamopsis psoralioides Species 0.000 description 4
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 4
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Substances [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940075507 glyceryl monostearate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000001788 mono and diglycerides of fatty acids Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 4
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001399 aluminium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(C)CCO CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r)-2-[6-[[2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(2-methylphenyl)ethyl]amino]purin-9-yl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=CC(C(CNC=2C=3N=CN(C=3N=CN=2)[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C)=C1 BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N 0.000 description 2
- GFVJWUVFVLFWNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;terephthalic acid Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO.OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 GFVJWUVFVLFWNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RNIHAPSVIGPAFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide-acrylic acid resin Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C RNIHAPSVIGPAFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 description 2
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- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000057 Mannan Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 229920001730 Moisture cure polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102100039177 Rod cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit alpha Human genes 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JLDSOYXADOWAKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium nitrate Chemical compound [Al+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O JLDSOYXADOWAKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229940077746 antacid containing aluminium compound Drugs 0.000 description 2
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- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound O=C.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006158 high molecular weight polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- JESXATFQYMPTNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N mono-hydroxyphenyl-ethylene Natural products OC1=CC=CC=C1C=C JESXATFQYMPTNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011234 nano-particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000286 phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920000962 poly(amidoamine) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000371 poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004072 triols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
- D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
- D21H17/68—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments siliceous, e.g. clays
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/06—Paper forming aids
- D21H21/10—Retention agents or drainage improvers
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to an aqueous silica-containing composition comprising an anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group and anionic aggregated or microgel formed silica-based particles. The aqueous silica-containing composition contains the anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group and the anionic silica-based particles in an amount of at least 0.01 % by weight of the total weight of the aqueous silica-containing composition. The aqueous silica-containing composition contains substantially no cellulose-reactive sizing agent and the anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group is not an anionic naphthalene sulphonate formaldehyde condensate.The invention further relates to methods for the preparation of the aqueous silica-containing composition and the use of the aqueous silica-composition as a drainage and retention aid in a process for the production of paper. The invention also relates to a process for the production of paper from an aqueous suspension containing cellulosic fibres, and optionally filler, in which the aqueous silica-containing composition and at least one charged organic polymer are added to the cellulosic suspension.
Description
WO 03/056099 PCT/SE02/02444 1 Aqueous silica-containing composition and process for production of paper The present invention relates to an aqueous silica-containing composition comprising an anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group and anionic silica-based particles. The invention further relates to a method for the preparation of the aqueous silica-containing composition, uses of the aqueous silica-containing composition and a papermaking process.
Background of the Invention In the papermaking art, an aqueous suspension containing cellulosic fibres, and optionally fillers and additives, referred to as stock, is fed into a headbox which ejects the stock onto a forming wire. Water is drained from the stock through the forming wire so that a wet web of paper is formed on the wire. The formed paper web is dewatered and dried in the drying section of the paper machine. Drainage and retention aids are conventionally introduced into the stock in order to facilitate drainage and to increase adsorption of fine particles onto the cellulosic fibres in such a way that the fine particles are retained with the fibres on the wire.
US 4,388,150 discloses a binder in papermaking comprising a complex of cationic starch and colloidal silicic acid to produce a paper having increased strength and improved levels of retention of added minerals and papermaking fines.
US 4,750,974 discloses a coarcervate binder for use in papermaking comprising a tertiary combination of a cationic starch, an anionic high molecular weight polymer and a dispersed silica.
US 5,368,833 discloses silica sols containing aluminium modified silica particles with high specific surface area and a high content of microgel.
US 5,567,277 discloses a composition comprising an aqueous cellulosic furnish, a high molecular weight cationic polymer and an anionic polymer comprising modified lignin.
US 6,022,449 discloses the use of water-dispersible polyisocyanates with anionic and/or potentially anionic groups and cationic and/or potentially cationic compounds in paper finishing.
EP 0 418 015 Al discloses an active sizing composition containing an aqueous emulsion in combination with an anionic dispersant or emulsifier. By using anionic polyacrylamide, anionic starch or colloidal silica the anionic charge density in the sizing composition can be extended.
US 5,670,021 refers to a process for the production of paper by forming and dewatering a suspension of cellulose, wherein the dewatering takes place in the WO 03/056099 PCT/SE02/02444 2 presence of an alkali metal silicate and a phenolic resin added at the same point into the suspension.
US 6,033,524 discloses a method for increasing retention and drainage of filling components in a paper making furnish in a paper making process comprising adding to the furnish a slurry of filling components, also containing a phenolic enhancer.
US 6,315,824 pertains to a dispersed composition comprising a hydrophobic phase and an aqueous phase, the composition being stabilised by a cationic colloidal coacervate stabilising agent, the coacervate stabilising agent comprising an anionic component and a cationic component.
EP 0,953,680 Al refers to a process for the production of paper from s suspension comprising adding to the suspension a cationic organic polymer.
US 5,185,062 discloses a papermaking process including the steps of adding to the papermaking slurry a high molecular weight cationic polymer and then a medium rnoiecuiar weight anionic polymer.
US 4,313,790 refers to a process for the production of paper which consists of the addition to the papermaking furnish of kraft lignin or modified kraft lignin and poly(oxyethylene).
US 6,165,259 relates to an aqueous dispersion containing a dispersant and a disperse phase containing a hydrophobic material, the dispersant comprising an anionic compound and a cationic compound.
It would be advantageous to be able to provide drainage and retention aids with improved performance. It would also be advantageous to be able to provide retention and drainage aids with good storage stability. It would further be advantageous to be able to provide a papermaking process with improved drainage and/or retention performance.
The Invention According to the present invention it has unexpectedly been found that an improved drainage and/or retention effect of a cellulosic suspension on a wire can be obtained by using an aqueous silica-containing composition comprising at least one anionic organic polymer with at least one aromatic group and anionic aggregated or microgel formed silica-based particles. The aqueous silica-containing composition is useful in processes for production of paper from all types of stocks, in particular stocks having high contents of salts (high conductivity) and colloidal substances. The aqueous silica-containing composition is also useful in papermaking processes with a high degree of white water closure, i.e. extensive white water recycling and limited fresh water supply.
Hereby the present invention makes it possible to increase the speed of the paper machine WO 03/056099 PCT/SE02/02444 3 and to use a lower dosage of additives to give a corresponding drainage and/or retention effect, thereby leading to an improved papermaking process and economic benefits.
The terms "drainage and retention aid", as used herein, refer to one or more components, which when added to an aqueous cellulosic suspension, give better drainage and/or retention than is obtained when not adding the said one or more components. All types of stocks, in particular stocks having high contents of salts (high conductivity) and colloidal substances will obtain better drainage and retention performances by the addition of the composition according to the present invention. This is important in papermaking processes with a high degree of white water closure, i.e.
extensive white water recycling and limited fresh water supply.
In accordance with the present invention there is provided an aqueous silicacontaining composition comprising an anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group and anionic silica-based particles comprising aggregated or microgel formed silica-ase particles. The aueous silica-containing composition contains the anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group and the anionic silica-based particles, calculated as SiO 2 in an amount of at least 0.01 by weight based on the total weight of the aqueous silica-containing composition. The composition contains substantially no cellulose-reactive sizing agent and the said anionic organic polymer is not an anionic naphthalene sulphonate formaldehyde condensate.
There is further provided an aqueous silica-containing composition obtainable by mixing an anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group with an aqueous alkali stabilised silica-based sol having an S-value in the range of from about 5 up to about 50% containing-anionic aggregated or microgel formed silica-based particles The obtained aqueous silica-containing composition contains the anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group and the silica-based particles, calculated as Si02, in an amount of at least 0.01 by weight based on the total weight of the aqueous silicacontaining composition. The composition contains substantially no cellulose-reactive sizing agent and that said anionic organic polymer is not anionic naphthalene sulphonate formaldehyde condensate.
There is further provided a method for preparation of an aqueous silicacontaining composition which comprises mixing in the presence of substantially no cellulose-reactive sizing agent an anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group with silica-based particles comprising anionic aggregated or microgel formed silicabased paricles to provide an aqueous silica-containing composition containing the anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group and the silica-based particles, calculated as SiO 2 in an amount of at least 0.01 by weight, based on the total weight of the aqueous silica-containing composition with the proviso that the anionic organic WO 03/056099 PCT/SE02/02444 4 polymer having at least one aromatic group is not an anionic naphthalene sulphonate formaldehyde condensate.
There is further provided a method for preparation of an aqueous silicacontaining composition which comprises mixing an anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group and a charge density of at least 0.1 meq/g of dry polymer, with silica-based particles comprisng anionic aggregated or microgel formed to provide an aqueous silica-containing composition containing the anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group and the silica-based particles, calculated as Si02, in an amount of at least 0.01 by weight, based on the total weight of the aqueous silica-containing composition, with the proviso that the anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group is not an anionic naphthalene sulphonate formaldehyde condensate.
There is further provided a method for preparation of an aqueous silicacontaining composition which comprises desalinating an aqueous solution of an anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group, mixing in the desalinated anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group with silica-based particles comprisng anionic aggregated or microgel formed siluca-based particles to provide an aqueous silica-containing composition containing the anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group and the aggregated or microgel formed silica-based particles, calculated as Si0 2 in an amount of at least 0.01 by weight, based on the total weight of the aqueous silica-containing composition with the proviso that the anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group is not an anionic naphthalene sulphonate formaldehyde condensate.
There is further provided an -aqueous silica-containing composition obtainable by the methods according to the invention.
The invention further relates to the use of the aqueous silica-containing composition of the invention, as flocculating agent in combination with at least one cationic organic polymer in the production of pulp and paper and for water purification.
According to the invention there is further provided a process for the production of paper from a suspension containing cellulosic fibres, and optionally fillers, comprising adding to the suspension at least one cationic organic polymer and an aqueous silicacontaining composition according to the invention.
The aqueous silica-containing composition comprises at least one anionic organic polymer with at least one aromatic group, which is not an anionic naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate. The aromatic group of the anionic polymer can be present in the polymer backbone or in a substituent group that is attached to the polymer backbone (main chain). Examples of suitable aromatic groups include aryl, aralkyl and alkaryl groups and derivatives thereof, e.g. phenyl, tolyl, naphthyl, phenylene, xylylene, WO 03/056099 PCT/SE02/02444 benzyl, phenylethyl and derivatives of these groups. The anionically charged groups can be present either in the anionic polymer or in the monomers used for preparing the anionic polymer. The anionically charged groups can either be groups carrying an anionic charge or acid groups carrying an anionic charge when dissolved or dispersed in water.
These groups are herein collectively being referred to as anionic groups, such as phosphate, phosphonate, sulphate, sulphonic acid, sulphonate, carboxylic acid, carboxylate, alkoxide and phenolic groups, i.e. hydroxy-substituted phenyls and naphthyls. Groups carrying an anionic charge are usually salts of an alkali, alkaline earth metals or ammonia.
Anionic polymers containing one or more aromatic groups according to the invention can suitably be selected from the group consisting of step-growth polymers, chaingrowth polymers, polysaccharides and naturally occurring aromatic polymers. The term "step-growth polymer", as used herein, refers to a polymer obtained by step-growth poiymerisation, also being referred to as step-reaction polymer and step-reaction polymerisation, respectively. Preferably the anionic polymer is a step-growth polymer. The anionic polymers according to the invention can be linear, branched or cross-linked.
Preferably the anionic polymer is water-soluble or water-dispersible.
Examples of suitable anionic step-growth polymers according to the present invention include condensation polymers, i.e. polymers obtained by step-growth condensation polymerisation, e.g. condensates of an aldehyde such as formaldehyde with one or more aromatic compounds containing one or more anionic groups, and optional other comonomers useful in the condensation polymerisation such as urea and melamine.
Examples of suitable aromatic compounds containing anionic groups comprises compounds containing anionic groups such as phenolic compounds, e.g. phenol, resorcinol and derivatives thereof, aromatic acids and salts thereof.
Examples of suitable anionic step-growth polymers according to the present invention include addition polymers, i.e. polymers obtained by step-growth addition polymerisation, e.g. anionic polyurethanes prepared from a monomer mixture comprising aromatic isocyanates and/or aromatic alcohols. Examples of suitable aromatic isocyanates include diisocyanates, e.g. toluene-2,4- and 2,6-diisocyanates and diphenylmethane-4,4'diisocyanate. Examples of suitable aromatic alcohols include dihydric alcohols, i.e. diols, e.g.
bisphenol A, phenyl diethanol amine, glycerol monoterephthalate and trimethylolpropane monoterephthalate. Monohydric aromatic alcohols such as phenol and derivatives thereof may also be employed. The monomer mixture can also contain non-aromatic isocyanates and/or alcohols, usually diisocyanates and diols, for example any of those known to be useful in the preparation of polyurethanes. Examples of suitable monomers containing anionic groups include the monoester reaction products of triols, e.g. trimethylolethane, tri- WO 03/056099 PCT/SE02/02444 6 methylolpropane and glycerol, with dicarboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof, e.g. succinic acid and anhydride, terephthalic acid and anhydride, such as glycerol monosuccinate, glycerol monoterephthalate, trimethylolpropane monosuccinate, trimethylolpropane monoterephthalate, N,N-bis-(hydroxyethyl)-glycine, di-(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid, N,N-bis-(hydroxyethyl)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid, and the like, optionally and usually in combination with reaction with a base, such as alkali and alkaline earth metal hydroxides, e.g. sodium hydroxide, ammonia or an amine, e.g. triethylamine, thereby forming an alkali, alkaline earth metals or ammonium counter-ion.
Examples of suitable anionic chain-growth polymers according to the invention include anionic vinyl addition polymers obtained from a mixture of vinylic or ethylenically unsaturated monomers. The mixture of vinylic or ethylenically unsaturated monomers comprises at least one monomer having an aromatic group and at least one monomer having an anionic group. Usually the monomers are co-polymerised with non-ionic monomers such as acrylate- and acrylamide-based monomers. Examples of suitable anionic monomers include (meth)acrylic acid and paravinyl phenol (hydroxy styrene).
Examples of suitable anionic polysaccharides with at least one aromatic group include starches, guar gums, cellulose derivatives, chitins, chitosans, glycans, galactans, glucans, xanthan gums, pectins, mannans, dextrins, preferably starches, and guar gums, suitable starches including potato, corn, wheat, tapioca, rice, waxy maize and barley, preferably potato. The anionic groups in the polysaccharide can be native andlor introduced by chemical treatment. The aromatic groups in the polysaccharide can be introduced by chemical methods known in the art.
Examples of suitable (modified) naturally occurring aromatic anionic polymers of this invention include lignosulphonates, Kraft lignins, oxylignins, and tannin extracts i.e.
naturally occurring polyphenolic substances that are obtained from the sulphite or sulphate pulp processes or from extracts of bark.
The weight average molecular weight of the anionic polymer can vary within wide limits dependent on, inter alia, the type of polymer used, and usually it is at least about 500, suitably above about 800 and preferably above about 1,000. The upper limit is not critical; it can be about 10,000,000, usually 1,000,000, suitably 500,000, preferably 200,000 and most preferably 100,000.
The anionic polymer can have a degree of anionic substitution (DSA) varying over a wide range dependent on, inter alia, the type of polymer used. DSA is usually from 0.01 to 2.0, suitably from 0.02 to 1.8 and preferably from 0.025 to 1.5; and the degree of aromatic substitution (DSQ) can be from 0.001 to 1.0, usually from 0.01 to 0.8, suitably from 0.02 to 0.7 and preferably from 0.025 to 0.5. In case the anionic polymer contains cationic groups, the degree of cationic substitution (DSc) can be, for example, from 0 to WO 03/056099 PCT/SE02/02444 7 0.2, suitably from 0 to 0.1 and preferably from 0 to 0.05, the anionic polymer having an overall anionic charge. Usually the anionic charge of the anionic polymer is within the range of from 0.1 to 10.0 meq/g of dry polymer, suitably from 0.2 to 6.0 meq/g, and preferably from 0.5 to 4.0 meqlg.
The aqueous silica-containing composition according to the invention also comprises anionic aggregated or microgel formed silica-based particles i.e. particles based on SiO 2 preferably formed by polymerising silicic acid, encompassing both homopolymers and copolymers. Optionally the silica-based particles can be modified and contain other elements, e.g. amine, aluminium and/or boron, which can be present in the aqueous phase and/or in the silica-based particles.
Examples of suitable aggregated or microgel formed silica-based particles include colloidal silica, colloidal aluminium-modified silica or aluminium silicate, and different types of polysilicic acid and mixtures thereof, either alone or in combination with other types of anionic silica-based particles. In the art, polysilicic acid s also referred to as poymeric silicic acid, polysilicic acid microgel, polysilicate and polysilicate microgel, which are all encompassed by the term polysilicic acid used herein. Aluminium-containing compounds of this type are commonly referred to as polyaluminosilicate and polyaluminosilicate microgel including colloidal aluminium-modified silica and aluminium silicate.
The anionic silica-based particles are in the colloidal range of particle size. This state comprises particles sufficiently small not to be affected by gravitational forces but sufficiently large not to show marked deviation from the properties of typical solutions, i.e.
average particle size significantly less than 1 tm. The anionic silica-based particles have an average particle size suitably below about 50 nm, preferably below about 20 nm and more preferably in the range of from about 1 to about 50 nm, most preferably from about 1 up to about 10 nm. As conventional in silica chemistry, the particle size refers to the average size of the primary particles, which may be aggregated or non-aggregated. Suitably, the silica-based particles present in the aqueous silica-containing composition of the invention comprise aggregated or microgel formed silica-based particles, optionally and usually in combination with non-aggregated, or monodisperse, silica-based particles.
Suitably, the silica-based particles have a specific surface area larger than 50 m 2 g, preferably larger than 100 m 2 The specific area can be up to 1700 m 2 preferably up to 1300 m2g and usually in the range from 300 to 1300 m 2 preferably from 500 to 1050 m 2 g. The specific surface area can be measured by means of titration with NaOH according to the method described by Sears, Analytical Chemistry 28(1956), 12, 1981-1983 or in U.S.
Patent No. 5,176,891. The given area thus represents the average specific surface area of the particles.
The total weight of the anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic WO 03/056099 PCT/SE02/02444 8 group and anionic silica-based particles, calculated as SiO 2 contained in the aqueous silica-containing composition is at least 0.01% by weight, calculated on the total weight of the aqueous silica-containing composition, preferably at least 0.05 by weight, more preferably at least 0.1 by weight. Suitably the concentration of the anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group and the anionic silica-based particles, calculated as Si02, is within the range of 1 to 45% by weight, preferably within the range of 2 to 35 by weight, most preferably 5 to 30% by weight.
The aqueous silica-containing composition can have an anionic charge density of at least 0.1 meq/g, usually the charge is within the range of from 0.1 to 10 meq/g, suitably within the range of from 0.1 to 8 meq/g, preferably within the range of from 0.1 to 6 meq/g, and most preferably within the range of from 0.2 to 4 meq/g.
The aqueous silica-containing composition according to the invention contains substantially no cellulose-reactive sizing agent. By substantially no means that less than or equal to 10% by weight, suitably iess than preferably less than 1% by weight of cellulose-reactive sizing agent is present in the aqueous silica-containing composition.
Most preferably there is no cellulose-reactive sizing agent in the aqueous silicacontaining composition. Even more preferably, the aqueous silica-containing composition according to the invention contains substantially no sizing agent, suitably, contains no sizing agent.
The present invention relates further to a method for preparation of an aqueous silica-containing composition. The two components are preferably stirred together. The anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group can be added to an aqueous sol containing the silica-based particles or the silica-based particles can be added to an aqueous solution of anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group. The aqueous solution of anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group may be desalinated or deionisated. The desalination or deionisation can be carried out with dialysis, membrane filtration, ultrafiltration, reversed osmosis or ion exchange or the like. It is preferred that the desalination or deionisation is carried out by the use of ultra-filtration or dialysis. The pH of an aqueous solution of anionic organic polymer may be adjusted to the pH of the silica-based particles, prior to or after mixing the aqueous solution with the silicabased particles. The pH can be adjusted to at least pH 8.0, suitably at least 9.0, preferably at least 9.5, preferably within the range of 9.0 to 11.0.
The anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group to be mixed with the silica-based particles can have an anionic charge density of at least 0.1 meq/g, usually within the range of from 0.1 to 10.0 meq/g of dry polymer, suitably within the range of from 0.2 to 6.0 and preferably within the range of from 0.5 to WO 03/056099 PCT/SE02/02444 9 The silica-based particles, preferably anionic, to be mixed with the anionic organic polymer can have the previous mentioned properties. Suitably the silica-based particles are contained in a sol. The sol may have an S-value in the range of from 5 to 80%, suitably from 5 to 50%, preferably from 8 to 45%, and most preferably from 10 to 30%. Calculation and measuring of the S-value can be performed as described by Her Dalton in J. Phys.
Chem. 60(1956), 955-957. The S-value indicates the degree of aggregate or microgel formation and a lower S-value is indicative of a higher degree of aggregation.
Suitably, the silica-based particles comprise aggregated or microgel formed silicabased particles, optionally and usually in combination with non-aggregated, or monodispers, silica-based particles.
Suitably the silica-based particles have a molar ratio Si 2 O:Na 2 O less than usually within the range 5 to 60, and preferably within the range from 8 to The aqueous silica-containing composition obtained by any of the methods according to the invention, contains suitably a total weight of he anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group and anionic silica-based of at least 0.01% by weight, calculated on the total weight of the aqueous silica-containing composition, preferably at least 0.05 by weight, more preferably at least 0.1 by weight. Suitably the concentration of anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group and anionic silica-based particles is within the range of 1 to 45% by weight, preferably within the range of 2 to 35 by weight, most preferably 5 to 30% by weight.
The products prepared by any of these methods shows improved drainage and retention properties, and also a better storage stability and therefore a better drainage and retention aid performance when stored because it has a longer shelf life.
The mixing procedure of above mention methods is suitably carried out in the presence of substantially no cellulose-reactive sizing agent. By substantially no means that less or equal to 10% by weight, suitably less than preferably less than 1% by weight of cellulose-reactive sizing agent is present. Most preferably there is no cellulosereactive sizing agent present. The mixing procedure may also be carried out in the presence of substantially no sizing agent, or in the presence of no sizing agent.
The present invention further relates to a process for the production of paper from an aqueous suspension containing cellulosic fibres. The process comprises adding to the suspension a cationic organic polymer and the aqueous silica-containing composition of the invention. The cationic organic polymer according to the invention can be linear, branched or cross-linked. Preferably the cationic polymer is water-soluble or water-dispersible.
WO 03/056099 PCT/SE02/02444 Examples of suitable cationic polymers include synthetic organic polymers, e.g.
step-growth polymers and chain-growth polymers, and polymers derived from natural sources, e.g. polysaccharides.
Examples of suitable cationic synthetic organic polymers include vinyl addition polymers such as acrylate- and acrylamide-based polymers, as well as cationic poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride), cationic polyethylene imines, cationic polyamines, polyamidoamines and vinylamide-based polymers, melamine-formaldehyde and urea-formaldehyde resins.
Examples of suitable polysaccharides include starches, guar gums, cellulose derivatives, chitins, chitosans, glycans, galactans, glucans, xanthan gums, pectins, mannans, dextrins, preferably starches and guar gums. Examples of suitable starches include potato, corn, wheat, tapioca, rice, waxy maize, barley, etc.
Cationic starches and cationic acrylamide-based polymers are preferred polymers according to the invention, and they can be used singly, together with each other or together with other polymers, particularly preferred are cationic starches and cationic acrylamide-based polymers having at least one aromatic group.
The cationic organic polymers can have one or more hydrophobic groups attached to them. The hydrophobic groups can be aromatic groups, groups comprising aromatic groups or non-aromatic groups, preferably the hydrophobic groups comprise aromatic groups. The hydrophobic group can be attached to a heteroatom, e.g. nitrogen or oxygen, the nitrogen optionally being charged, which heteroatom, it can be attached to the polymer backbone, for example via a chain of atoms. The hydrophobic group may have at least 2 and usually at least 3 carbon atoms, suitably from 3 to 12 and preferably from 4 to 8 carbon atoms. The hydrophobic group is suitably a hydrocarbon chain.
Suitable dosages counted as dry substance based on dry pulp and optional filler, of the cationic polymer in the system is from 0.01 to 50 kg/t (kgltonne, "metric ton") of, preferably from 0.1 to 30 kg/t and most preferably from 1 to 15 kg/t.
Suitable dosages counted as dry substances based on dry pulp and optional filler, of the aqueous silica-containing composition defined above in the system are from 0.01 to 15 kg/t, preferably from 0.01 to 10 kg/t calculated as an anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group and anionic silica-based particles, and most preferably from 0.05 to 5 kg/t.
Suitable mineral fillers of conventional types may be added to the aqueous cellulosic suspension according to the invention. Examples of suitable fillers include kaolin, china clay, titanium dioxide, gypsum, talc and natural and synthetic calcium carbonates such as chalk, ground marble and precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC).
Further additives that are conventional in papermaking can of course be used in combination with the chemicals according to the invention, for example anionic trash WO 03/056099 PCT/SE02/02444 11 catchers (ATC), wet strength agents, dry strength agents, optical brightening agents, dyes, aluminium compounds, etc. Examples of suitable aluminium compounds include alum, aluminates, aluminium chloride, aluminium nitrate, and polyaluminium compounds, such as polyaluminium chlorides, polyaluminium sulphates, polyaluminium compounds containing chloride and/or sulphate ions, polyaluminium silicate sulphates, and mixtures thereof. The polyaluminium compounds may also contain other anions than chloride ions, for example anions from sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, or organic acids such as citric acid and oxalic acid. When employing an aluminium compound in the present process, it is usually preferably to add it to the stock prior to the polymer component and micro- or nano-particulate material. Suitable addition levels of aluminium containing compounds is at least 0.001 kg/t, preferably from 0.01 to5 kg/t and more preferably from 0.05 to 1 kg/t, calculated as A1 2 0 3 based on dry pulp and optional filler.
Examples of suitable anionic trash catchers include cationic polyamines, polymers or copolymers of quaternary amines, or aluminum containing compounds.
The process of this invention is used for the production of paper. The teri "paper", as used herein, include not only paper and the production thereof, but also other web-like products, such as for example board and paperboard, and the production thereof. The invention is particularly useful in the manufacture of paper having grammages below 150 g/m 2 preferably below 100 g/m 2 for example fine paper, newspaper, light weight coated paper, super calendered paper and tissue.
The process can be used in the production of paper from all types of stocks, both wood containing and woodfree. The different types of suspensions of cellulose-containing fibres and the suspensions should suitably contain at least 25% by weight and preferably at least 50% of weight of such fibres, based on dry substance. The suspensions comprise fibres from chemical pulp such as sulphate, sulphite and organosolv pulps woodcontaining or mechanical pulp such as thermomechanical pulp, chemo-thermomechanical pulp, refiner pulp and groundwood pulp, from both hardwood and softwood, and can also be based on recycled fibres, optionally from de-inked pulps, and mixtures thereof.
Preferably the stock is a wood containing stock, which have high contents of salts (high conductivity).
The chemicals according to the present invention can be added to the aqueous cellulosic suspension, or stock, in conventional manner and in any order. It is usually preferably to add the cationic polymer to the stock before adding the aqueous silica-containing composition, even if the opposite order of addition may be used. It is further preferred to add the cationic polymer before a shear stage, which can be selected from pumping, mixing, cleaning, etc., and to add the aqueous silica-containing composition after that shear stage.
The aqueous silica-containing composition can be used as a flocculation agent in the treatment of water for the production of drinking water or as an environmental treatment WO 03/056099 PCT/SE02/02444 12 of waters for instance in lakes. The composition can also be used as flocculation agent in the treatment of wastewater or waste sludges.
The invention is further illustrated in the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope thereof. Parts and relate to parts by weight and by weight, respectively, and all solutions are aqueous, unless otherwise stated. The units are metric.
Example 1 Drainage performance was evaluated by means of a Dynamic Drainage Analyser (DDA), available from Akribi, Sweden. The drainage time was measured on a set volume of stock through a wire when removing a plug and applying vacuum to that side of the wire opposite to the side on which the stock is present.
Retention performance was evaluated by means of a nephelometer by measuring the turbidity of the filtrate, the white water, obtained by draining the stock. The trurbidity was measure in NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Units).
The test stock was wood containing with a pH- 7.2, the conductivity of the stock was 5.0 mS/cm, and the consistency was 1.42 g/l. The stock was stirred in a baffled jar at a speed of 1500 rpm throughout the test.
In the example a cationic polymer was added to the stock before the aqueous compositions according to the invention or the anionic reference. The cationic polymer was a cationic starch (C1) obtained by quarternisation of native potato starch with 3chloro-2-hydroxypropyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride to 0.5% N was added followed by 45 seconds of stirring, and then the anionic aqueous composition was added, followed by 15 seconds stirring before drainage.
Aqueous compositions according to the invention containing anionic polyurethane and colloidal silica were measured to evaluate their drainage and retention performance. All samples were diluted to 0.5% of solids before the evaluation of drainage properties. The anionic polyurethane (P1) is based on an anionic polyurethane of solids, produced from glyceryl monostearate (GMS) and toluolyl diisocyanate (TDI), which forms a pre-polymer, which is reacted with dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA), with mol% of GMS is replaced by DPMA N-methyl diethanol amine (N-MDEA). The colloidal silica sol (S1) is of the type described in US 5,447,604 having a molar ratio SiO 2 :Na2O of specific surface area of 870 m 2 S-value of 35% and silica content of 10.0% by weight. The drainage time measured on the stock with ,addition of 20 kg/t of C1 was 29 seconds and the turbidity was measured to 44 NTU. All additions are calculated as dry on dry stock. The drainage times derived from the different additions to the stock of the aqueous composition of the invention are summarised in Table 1.
Table 1 Sample Ratio Drainage time (sec) I Turbidity (NTU) at dosage of WO 03/056099 PCT/SE02/02444 13 4 kg/t 6 kglt 8 kg/t 10 kg/t S1 19.7/35 16.9/31 15.6/30 16.0129 P1 17.7/34 15.3133 14.0/32 13.9/32 S1/P1 4:1 17.3/33 14.0/30 13.5/28 14.0/27 S1/P1 1:1 16.4/34 13.6130 13.0/28 13.1/28 S1/P1 1:4 16.5/33 13.9/31 13.3/29 12.9/29 The drainage times and turbidity for the composition SI/P1 show that when the two components (S1 and P1) are added as a composition they have a synergistic improvement on the drainage and retention performance.
Example 2 The aqueous compositions according to the invention containing anionic polyurethane (P2) based on an anionic polyurethane of 19% solids, produced from TDI and phenyi diethanoi amine PDEA, which forms the pre-poiymer, which is reacted vwit a mixture of DMPA and N-MDEA and of which 30 mol% of PDEA is replaced by DPMA/N- MDEA, and a colloidal silica (S2) having a molar ratio SiO 2 :Na20 of 20, specific surface area of 700 m 2 S-value of 32% and silica content of 15.0%, were evaluated for drainage and retention performance. All the samples were diluted to 0.5% solids before the drainage and retention evaluation, which was performed exactly in the same manner as in Example 1 and with the same cationic starch in the same stock. The drainage time measured on the stock with addition of 20 kg/t of C1 was 27 seconds and the turbidity was measured to 45 NTU. All additions are calculated as dry on dry stock. The drainage times derived from the different additions to the stock of the aqueous composition of the invention are summarised in Table 2.
Sample S2 P2 S2 /P2 S2/P2 S2/P2 Table 2 Ratio Drainage time (sec) I Turbidity (NTU) at dosage of 2 kg/t 4 kg/t 6 kg/t 8 kg/t 21.0/- 15.7/- 12.4/- 12.9/- 21.8/44 18.0/39 12.9131 12.0/29 4:1 21.0/40 15.5/31 12.0/28 10.4/27 1:1 13.8/30 11.0/27 9.8/27 1:4 13.3/32 11.0/29 10.3/27 Example 3 In this example the test stock was SC-furnish (furnish for Super Calandered paper) with a pH 7.6, the conductivity of the stock was 0.5 mS/cm, and the consistency WO 03/056099 PCT/SE02/02444 14 was 1,49 g/l. The stock was stirred in a baffled jar at a speed of 1500 rpm throughout the test. C1 was added to the stock in an amount of 20kg/t (kg/tonne) in each test. The drainage time measured on the stock without any additives was 30 seconds and the turbidity was 98 NTU, the drainage time on the stock with addition of C1 only was 14.8 seconds and the turbidity was measured to 52 NTU. The anionic polyurethane used in this example was an anionic polyurethane (P3) of 15% solids, produced from GMS and TDI, which forms a pre-polymer, which is reacted DMPA and the colloidal silica (S3) described in US 5,368,833 was a silica sol having a molar ratio SiO 2 :Na2O of 45, specific surface area of 850 m 2 S-value of 20% and a silica content of and was modified with aluminium to 0.3% A1 2 0a.
The performance of the aqueous composition according to the invention was compared to the performance of the components added separately. In all tests C1 was added to the stock followed by 45 seconds of stirring, then the composition S3/P3 was added followed by 15 seconds of stirring. VVhen the components were added separately the first component was added followed by 30 seconds of stirring and the second components was added followed by 15 seconds of stirring. All additions are calculated as dry on dry stock. The drainage times derived from the different additions to the stock are summarised in Table 3.
Sample C1 S3 C1 P3 C1+ S3 P3 C1+ S3 P3 C1+ S3 P3 Cl+S3+P3 C1+P3+S3 Table 3 Ratio Drainage time (sec) I Turbidity (NTU) at dosage of 1 kg/t 2 kg/t 3 kglt 4 kg/t 10.2/56 13.9154 13.0/55 12.0/56 13.0/55 1:1 3:1 1:3 1:1 1:1 12.6/52 11.4/51 10.0/58 10.0/55 12.2/52 11.1/54 10.7/55 10.4/55 12.9/52 12.1/55 11.6/54 12.4/53 12.4/55 Example 4 The aqueous compositions according to the invention containing a 10% solution of an anionic lignosulphonate (LS1), which is the sodium salt of sulphonated and carboxylated Kraft lignin derived from soft wood, having a dry matter of 89.0% by weight, pH of 10.5, a sodium content of and a total sulphur content of wherein sulphur is bound to or a 10% solution anionic lignosulphonate (LS2), which is a sodium oxylignin derived from fermented spruce wood sulphite liquor, having a dry matter of 93.0% by weight, pH of 8.5, a sodium content of and sulphur content of and colloidal silica S1, -were evaluated for drainage and retention performance. All the Ssamples were diluted to 0.5% solids before the drainage evaluation. The drainage time measured on the stock with addition of 20 kg/t of C1 was 29 seconds and the turbidity was measured to 44 NTU. All additions are calculated as dry on dry stock. The drainage times derived from the different additions to the stock of the aqueous composition of the invention are summarised in Table 4.
oO S10 Table 4 in Sample Ratio Drainage time (sec) Turbidity (NTU) at dosage of 2 kg/t 4 kg/t 6 kgt 8 kg/t 10 kg/t 12 kg/t S1 23.5/38 19.7/35 16.9/31 15.6/30 .16.0/29 LS1 LS2 S1 LS1 S1 /LS1 21.9/35 18.8/34 17.5/33 17.2/32 19.9/36 17.9/35 17.8/34 18.5/- 4:1 18.5/- 15.3/29 14.4/26 14.5/25 1:1 18.8/- 15.5/30 13.1/30 12.8/31
I
S1/LS2 4:1 18.4/- 15.1/31 13.2/28 12.5/27 12.4/25 SI/LS2 1:1 19.2/- 15.8/33 13.8/28. 12.8/25 12.1/26 In the claims which follow and in the preceding description of the invention, except where the context requires otherwise due to express language or necessary implication, the word "comprise" or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising" is used in an inclusive sense, i.e. to specify the presence of the stated features but not to preclude the presence or addition of further features in various embodiments of the invention. Thus, for claims defining the presence of an integer within a range or at a given amount or level, the term comprising should not be interpreted as suggesting that there may be a greater amount or level of that integer.
It is to be understood that, if any prior art publication is referred to herein, such reference does not constitute an admission that the publication forms a part of the common general knowledge in the art, in Australia or any other country.
Claims (21)
1. An aqueous silica-containing composition comprising an anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group and anionic silica-based particles comprising aggregated or microgel formed silica-based particles, the aqueous silica-containing composition containing the anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group and the anionic silica-based particles, calculated as SiO 2 in an amount of at least 0.01 by weight based on the total weight of the aqueous silica-containing composition, with the proviso that the composition contains substantially no cellulose-reactive sizing agent and the anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group is not an anionic naphthalene sulphonate formaldehyde condensate.
2. An aqueous silica-containing composition obtainable by mixing an anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group with an aqueous alkali stabilised silica-based sol having an S-value in the range of from about 5 up to about containing anionic aggregated or microgel formed silica-based particles, to provide an aqueous silica-containing composition containing the anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group and the silica-based particles, calculated as SiO 2 in an amount of at least 0.01 by weight, based on the total weight of the aqueous silica-containing composition, with the proviso that the composition contains substantially no cellulose- reactive sizing agent and that the anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group is not an anionic naphthalene sulphonate formaldehyde condensate.
3. A method for preparation of an aqueous silica-containing composition which comprises mixing in the presence of substantially no cellulose-reactive sizing agent an anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group with silica-based particles comprising anionic aggregated or microgel formed silica-based particles to provide an aqueous silica-containing composition containing the anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group and the silica-based particles, calculated as SiOz 2 in an amount of at least 0.01 by weight, based on the total weight of the aqueous silica-containing composition with the proviso that the anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group is not an anionic naphthalene sulphonate formaldehyde condensate.
4. A method for preparation of an aqueous silica-containing composition which comprises mixing an anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group and a charge density of at least 0.1 meq/g of dry polymer, with anionic silica-based particles comprising aggregated or microgel formed silica-based particles to provide an aqueous silica-containing composition containing the anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group and the silica-based particles, calculated as Si0 2 in an amount of at least 0.01 by weight, based on the total weight of the aqueous silica-containing composition, 17 with the proviso that the anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group is not an Canionic naphthalene sulphonate formaldehyde condensate. o
5. A method for preparation of an aqueous silica-containing composition which Z comprises desalinating an aqueous solution of an anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group, mixing the desalinated anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group with anionic silica-based particles comprising aggregated or microgel formed silica-based oo particles to provide an aqueous silica-containing composition containing the anionic organic Spolymer having at least one aromatic group and the silica-based particles, calculated as SiO 2 in an amount of at least 0.01 by weight, based on the total weight of the aqueous silica- lo containing composition with the proviso that the anionic organic polymer having at least one Saromatic group is not an anionic naphthalene sulphonate formaldehyde condensate.
6. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the silica-based particles are contained in a silica sol having an S-value within the range of from about 5 up to about 50% prior to mixing with the anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group.
7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group is desalinated prior to mixing with the silica- based particles.
8. The aqueous silica-containing composition according to claim 1 or 2, or the method according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein the silica-based particles have a specific surface are within the range of from 300 to 1300 m 2 /g.
9. The aqueous silica-containing composition according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 8, or the method according to any of claims 3 to 8, wherein the silica-based particles have an average particle size ranging from about nm up to about 50 nm.
The aqueous silica-containing composition according to any one of claims 1, 2, 8, or 9 or the method according to any one of claims 3 to 9, wherein the silica-based particles have an average particle size ranging from about lnm up to about 10 nm.
11. The aqueous silica-containing composition according to any one of claims 1, 2, 8, 9 or 10, or the method according to any one of claims 3 to 10, wherein pH of the aqueous solution of the anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group is adjusted to a pH of at least 8 prior to mixing with the silica-based particles.
12. The aqueous silica-containing composition according to any one of claims 1, 2, 8, 9, 10 or 11, or the method according to any one of claims 3 to 11, wherein the anionic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group is a polyurethane, lignosulphonate, Kraft lignin or oxylignin.
13. The aqueous silica-containing composition according to any one of claims 1, 2, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12 or the method according to any of claims 3 to 12, wherein the aqueous silica- containing composition has a negative charge density within the range of from 0.1 to 6 meq/g. H:\Simeona\Keep\Speci\2002359218.doc 4/11/05 18
14. An aqueous silica-containing composition obtainable by the method according to Sany one of claims 3 to 13. o
15. Use of an aqueous silica-containing composition according to any one of claims Z 1, 2, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 or 14 as a flocculating agent in combination with at least one organic s polymer in the production of pulp and paper and for water purification.
16. A process for the production of paper from a suspension containing cellulosic 00o fibres, and optionally fillers, comprising adding to the suspension at least one cationic organic Spolymer and an aqueous silica-containing composition according to any one of claims of 1, 2, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 or 14 adding an aqueous silica-containing composition obtained by the method according to any of claims 3 to 11.
17. The process according to claim 16, wherein the cationic organic polymer being 0 cationic starch or cationic polyacrylamide.
18. The process according to claim 6 or 17, wherein the cationic organic polymer having at least one aromatic group.
19. The aqueous silica-containing composition according to claim 1 or 2, with the proviso that the composition contains substantially no sizing agent.
The method according to claim 3, wherein the mixing is carried out in the presence of substantially no sizing agent.
21. An aqueous silica-containing composition, a method for its preparation, use of said composition and/or a process for the production of paper utilising said composition, substantially as herein described with reference to the examples herein. Dated this 4t day of November 2005 AKZO NOBEL N.V. By their Patent Attorneys GRIFFITH HACK Fellows Institute of Patent and Trade Mark Attorneys of Australia H:\Simeona\Keep\peci\2002359218.doc 4/11/05
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| US7728058B2 (en) | 2002-10-30 | 2010-06-01 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Fiber dispersant-containing systems |
| US7323083B2 (en) | 2002-10-30 | 2008-01-29 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Adhesion promoters for glass-containing systems |
| US7955473B2 (en) | 2004-12-22 | 2011-06-07 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Process for the production of paper |
| US20060254464A1 (en) | 2005-05-16 | 2006-11-16 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Process for the production of paper |
| EP1882062B1 (en) * | 2005-05-16 | 2014-02-12 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | A process for the production of paper |
| US9017649B2 (en) * | 2006-03-27 | 2015-04-28 | Nalco Company | Method of stabilizing silica-containing anionic microparticles in hard water |
| DE102007059736A1 (en) * | 2007-12-12 | 2009-06-18 | Omya Development Ag | Surface mineralized organic fibers |
| WO2012117763A1 (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2012-09-07 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | Silica dispersion composition |
| AR086593A1 (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2014-01-08 | Akzo Nobel Chemicals Int Bv | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PAPER AND CARTON |
| CN106349513A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-25 | 强新正品（苏州）环保材料科技有限公司 | High-viscosity silica sol and preparation method thereof |
| FR3055896B1 (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2020-04-03 | S.P.C.M. Sa | PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF AQUEOUS EFFLUENTS |
| CN106833570B (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2019-05-28 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | A kind of suspension palliative and its preparation method and application |
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| EP0953680A1 (en) * | 1998-04-27 | 1999-11-03 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | A process for the production of paper |
| US6033524A (en) * | 1997-11-24 | 2000-03-07 | Nalco Chemical Company | Selective retention of filling components and improved control of sheet properties by enhancing additive pretreatment |
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| US4313790A (en) | 1980-03-31 | 1982-02-02 | Pulp And Paper Research Institute Of Canada | Additives for increased retention and pitch control in paper manufacture |
| US4795531A (en) * | 1987-09-22 | 1989-01-03 | Nalco Chemical Company | Method for dewatering paper |
| GB8920456D0 (en) * | 1989-09-11 | 1989-10-25 | Albright & Wilson | Active sizing compositions |
| US5185062A (en) | 1991-01-25 | 1993-02-09 | Nalco Chemical Company | Papermaking process with improved retention and drainage |
| SE9502522D0 (en) * | 1995-07-07 | 1995-07-07 | Eka Nobel Ab | A process for the production of paper |
| US6315824B1 (en) | 1996-02-02 | 2001-11-13 | Rodrigue V. Lauzon | Coacervate stabilizer system |
| US6165259A (en) | 1997-02-05 | 2000-12-26 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Aqueous dispersions of hydrophobic material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5670021A (en) * | 1992-01-29 | 1997-09-23 | Kemira Kemi Aktiebolag | Process for production of paper |
| US6033524A (en) * | 1997-11-24 | 2000-03-07 | Nalco Chemical Company | Selective retention of filling components and improved control of sheet properties by enhancing additive pretreatment |
| EP0953680A1 (en) * | 1998-04-27 | 1999-11-03 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | A process for the production of paper |
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| AU2002359218A1 (en) | 2003-07-15 |
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| ZA200404079B (en) | 2005-05-25 |
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