Papers by Deresse Ayenachew
Revue des mondes musulmans et de la Méditerranée, Jul 1, 2023
Global migrations 1400-1800, 2023
This paper has an objective to investigate the mobility and the settlement dynamics in the Horn o... more This paper has an objective to investigate the mobility and the settlement dynamics in the Horn of Africa (13th -19th c.). It discusses the three phases of the population movements in the region. The southward and the northward mobility of the people and the settlement pattetns in the Horn of Africa. It raises the main causes of mobilities, which were dyanstic wars, evnivromental distresses and pastoral factors. The mobile character of the royal capital of the Christian kingdom and deployment of military regiments were intentional mobility and settlement. The paper underscores how these continual mobility and settelemt had shaped the cultural and demographic landscape of the Ethiopia and the Horn of Africa.
https://www.persee.fr/renderCollectionCover/remmm.pngLa Revue des mondes musulmans et de la Médit... more https://www.persee.fr/renderCollectionCover/remmm.pngLa Revue des mondes musulmans et de la Méditerranée est une publication de sciences humaines et sociales qui présente, dans des livraisons thématiques, des études sur l'ensemble du monde musulman. A partir de 2000, les numéros sont diffusés sur le site de revues.org avec une barrière mobile de 3 ans
Revue des mondes musulmans et de la Méditerranée
Gabriel, une église médiévale d’Éthiopie, 2012
Une question est à l'origine de cet ouvrage : comment le camp royal éthiopien s'organisai... more Une question est à l'origine de cet ouvrage : comment le camp royal éthiopien s'organisait-il à la période médiévale ? Pour tenter d'y répondre, un site fut choisi, Meshala Maryam dans le Manz (Sawa), où une église royale avait été fondée par un souverain éthiopien dans la seconde moitié du XVe siècle. De nombreuses traces au sol aux alentours de l'enceinte de l'église laissaient penser que se trouvaient-là les vestiges du camp royal. Plusieurs campagnes de fouilles ont eu lieu à Meshala Maryam entre 1998 et 2001. Elles ont été étendues à un autre site, l'église de Gabriel, qui s'est avéré beaucoup plus riche en informations que le présumé camp royal. Cet ouvrage rend compte à la fois de l'impossibilité de trouver le camp royal à Meshala Maryam malgré tous les efforts entrepris, mais aussi de la découverte de l'église de Gabriel, petit bâtiment ayant abrité de nombreuses sépultures privilégiées et un mobilier de grande valeur. Par le croisement des sources archéologiques, des sources orales et des textes anciens c'est l'histoire de ces deux sites et leur construction mémorielle qui prend corps
Gabriel, une église médiévale d’Éthiopie
Deresse Ayenachew WOLDeTSADIK, 2021
This article is an inquiry on the medieval political ideology of Ethiopia that we call the Sheban... more This article is an inquiry on the medieval political ideology of Ethiopia that we call the Shebanization, which inspired the birth of the Ethiopian nation. This ideology was based on the national epic of Kəbra Nagast (Glory of Kings) that narrates the legendary visit of Queen Sheba to King Solomon (971-931 BC) of the Bible. It gives the Judaic origin to both the church and the state of the Christian kingdom of Ethiopia. It highlighted the unity of the Christian kingdom under the promised Land of Ethiopia in the model of Israel. This legendary origin was intended to defend the widely spreading Muslim kingdoms that threatened to dominate the fragmented Christian polities. The Christians were limited in the narrow highlands of the Northern Ethiopia and part of Eritrea. The legend revitalized and united these Christian polities and strengthened them to confront the expanding power of Islam in the Horn of Africa. Eventually, it allowed them to establish intended unity and they created an unprecedented powerful kingdom in the Horn of Africa. This paper proposes how the shebanization process interrelated the multicultural peoples of the Horn to forge the birth of the Ethiopian nation in medieval period.
The Wärğəḥ Muslim community constitutes more than 22,000 people in Ethiopia. They live in diverse... more The Wärğəḥ Muslim community constitutes more than 22,000 people in Ethiopia. They live in diverse parts of the country, but the largest number of Wärğəḥ are found in north Šäwa and near Dəre Dawa. In north Šäwa, the community of Wärğəḥ has established scattered pockets of villages between Däbrä Berhan and Säbäta towns. Linguistically, they speak Oromo and also Amharic. Fragmentary medieval Ethiopian historical sources describe the Wärğəḥ as inhabitants of the lowlands of south-east Šäwa. They were herdsmen, particularly camel keepers. Post-16th century sources record that the Wärğəḥ transformed their way of life to become traders following the great medieval caravan trade routes. Due to their resistance against expansions, they were described as warriors and a ferocious people. For the purpose of this paper, we have gathered oral accounts from 13 local villages of north Šäwa to identify how these people reconstruct their history and to understand how all these villages networked wit...
Gabriel, une église médiévale d’Éthiopie
Espaces musulmans de la Corne de l’Afrique au Moyen Âge
ABSTRACTS The Wärğəḥ Muslim community constitutes more than 22,000 people in Ethiopia. They live... more ABSTRACTS The Wärğəḥ Muslim community constitutes more than 22,000 people in Ethiopia. They live indiverse parts of the country, but the largest number of Wärğəḥ are found in north Šäwa and near Dəre Dawa. In north Šäwa, the community of Wärğəḥ has established scattered pockets of villages between Däbrä Berhan and Säbäta towns. Linguistically, they speak Oromo and also Amharic. Fragmentary medieval Ethiopian historical sources describe the Wärğəḥ as inhabitants of the lowlands of south-east Šäwa. They were herdsmen, particularly camel keepers. Post-16th century sources record that the Wärğəḥ transformed their way of life to become traders following the great medieval caravan trade routes. Due to their resistance against expansions, they were described as warriors and a ferocious people. For the purpose of this paper, we have gathered oral accounts from 13 local villages of north Šäwa to identify how these people reconstruct their history and to understand how all these villages...
The long history of life, including humankind and its societies, represents a fantastic reserve o... more The long history of life, including humankind and its societies, represents a fantastic reserve of experience and lessons for who observes carefully, and locally, the diverse combinations adopted in reaction to environmental and climatic changes. The fossil record offers a better understanding of what are mass extinctions of biodiversity (an
Espaces musulmans de la Corne de l’Afrique au Moyen Âge
Espaces musulmans de la corne de l'Afrique au Moyen Âge, 2011
Climatic and Environmental Challenges: Learning from the Horn of Africa, 2000
is a climate science expert at the African Climate Policy Centre (ACPC), an integral part of the ... more is a climate science expert at the African Climate Policy Centre (ACPC), an integral part of the Climate for Development in Africa (ClimDev-Africa) programme-which is a joint initiative of the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA), the African Union Commission (AUC), and the African Development Bank (AfDB). ClimDev-Africa aims at addressing the need for greatly improved climate information for Africa and strengthening the use of such information for decision making, by improving analytical capacity, knowledge management and dissemination activities. It has been mandated at regional meetings of African Heads of State and Government, as well as by Africa's Ministers of Finance, Ministers of Planning and Ministers of Environment. The ACPC serves Regional Economic Communities, governments and communities across Africa and takes guidance from a number of ongoing processes and activities including the African Union Conference of African Heads of State and Government on Climate Change (CAHOSCC) and climate change negotiators, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and related instruments
Annales d'Ethiopie , 2020
The old district of Wägda was situated on the frontiers of the ancient sultanate of Šäwa. It is s... more The old district of Wägda was situated on the frontiers of the ancient sultanate of Šäwa. It is said to be one of the core Christian settlement areas in Šäwa during the power struggle of King Y e kuno Amlak (r. 1270-1285) against the Zagwe king Y e tbaräk. King Y e kuno Amlak would have recruited soldiers from the Wägda Christian community to establish the Solomonic dynasty in 1270. Land grant documents from the present church of As · e Waša Maryam in Wägda demonstrate the early presence of medieval kings. Oral informants indicate that As · e Waša Maryam was established by King Säyfä Ar'ad (r. 1344-1380), when he installed his royal camp in this place. Three Ge'ez land grants mention lands chartered to the two churches of Maryam and Mika'el, and in memory of a dignitary called ras Baro during the reigns of King Säyfä Ar'ad, King Dawit (r. 1380Dawit (r. -1412, and of the rarely referred to King H · e zbä Nañ (r. 1430-1432). These land donations were probably documented successively during the reigns of the aforementioned kings. They witness the expansion of the Christian kings in Wägda that was dominated for centuries by the sultanate of Šäwa. This paper intends to present the Ge'ez land grant documents that were donated to different churches in Wägda during the reigns of Kings Säyfä Ar'ad, Dawit, and H · e zbä Nañ. It also introduces additional information on the political organization of a regional court of this period.
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Papers by Deresse Ayenachew
Key-words- medieval Ethiopia, ideology, č̣äwa regiments, organization