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a(4) = 4 or for the multiplicative group Modd 4 with representatives [1,3]. The smallest positive primitive root is 3, because 3^2 == 1 (Modd 4). This group is cyclic, it is Z_2.
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a(2) = 2 for the multiplicative group Modd 2, with representative [1], and there is a primitive root, namely 1, because 1^1 = 1 == 1 (Modd 1). The cycle structure is [[1]], the group is Z_1.
because 1^1 = 1 == 1 (Modd 1). The cycle structure is [[1]], the group is Z_1.
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For n=1 one has the Modd 1 residue class [0], the integers. The group of order 1 is the cyclic group Z_1 with the unit element 0==1 (Modd 1). [Changed by Wolfdieter Lang, Apr 04 2012]
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