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(PARI) lista(nn) = my(v=select(x->issquare(x-1), primes(nn))); vector(#v-1, k, v[k+1] - v[k]) \\ Michel Marcus, Dec 04 2020
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It is conjectured that the sequence of primes of the form k^2+1 is infinite, but this has never been proved. This sequence contains a subset of squares: {64, 144, 100, 1024, 4900, 10816, 11664, 12544, 18496, 102400, 41616, ...}.
a(2) = 12 because (4^2+1)-(2^2+1) = 17 - 5 = 12.
Amiram Eldar, <a href="/A193558/b193558.txt">Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000</a>
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_Michel Lagneau (mn.lagneau2(AT)orange.fr), _, Jul 30 2011