Abstract Molecularly imprinted polymers are crosslinked macromolecular structures endowed with sp... more Abstract Molecularly imprinted polymers are crosslinked macromolecular structures endowed with specific binding cavities for a template moiety. Their selectivity and stability against harsh conditions coupled with their easy and economical fabrication have fueled various research endeavors in a myriad of applications, such as chromatographic separation, solid phase extraction, sensors, catalysts, and drug delivery. The chapter focuses on the fabrication aspects of molecularly imprinted polymers and gives an insight into the components and various methods employed for their production. Limitations of conventional methods have driven the development of novel techniques to generate water-compatible molecularly imprinted polymers and protein imprinted polymers. The chapter further showcases recent advances in the fabrication of molecularly imprinted polymers, such as use of supercritical fluid, epitope imprinting, and surface imprinting to overcome the drawbacks associated with conventional methods of molecularly imprinted polymer fabrication.
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Apr 16, 2022
Objectives Cerebral malaria (CM) is a lethal complication of Plasmodium falciparum infection. The... more Objectives Cerebral malaria (CM) is a lethal complication of Plasmodium falciparum infection. The multifactorial pathogenesis of the disease involving parasitic invasion of erythrocytes and sequestration of infected erythrocytes within the cerebral blood vessels leading to neuroinflammation and blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption demands a multi-pronged treatment strategy. This article gives a brief overview of the pathogenesis of CM, challenges associated with its treatment and potential strategies to combat the same. Key findings There are several roadblocks in the successful treatment of CM. Resistance to artemisinin-based therapies has been reported in malaria-endemic regions. The paucity of targeted delivery to the brain necessitates the administration of antimalarials such as quinine in large doses causing toxic effects. There is a need for compounds to prevent oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and BBB disruption to decrease the menace of neurological sequelae associated with CM. Summary Extensive research endeavours are now oriented towards investigating compounds that can act against neuroinflammation; developing brain-targeted nanocarriers to selectively deliver therapeutics against CM; and repurposing existing drugs and a combination of antimalarial and anti-inflammatory or immunomodulatory molecules for the treatment of CM. Protocols for evaluating novel proposed therapies against CM should be revisited to integrate monitoring of neurological parameters in parallel with the estimation of parasite load and survival.
Abstract Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Conventional chemotherapy which ... more Abstract Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Conventional chemotherapy which has been the mainstay of cancer therapy is associated with issues of poor intracellular uptake, off target toxicity, resistance, etc. Nanotherapeutics that include usage of nanocarriers loaded with therapeutic agents help to avoid these issues. Multifunctional nanocarriers endowed with dual functions of imaging and therapy (theranostics); nanocarriers delivering combination of drugs/genes; nanotherapeutics acting via different modes of therapy; nanoparticles selectively targeting tumor cells; smart nanocarriers that release the payload in response to some stimulus inside the cancer cell and nanocarriers to specifically tackle metastatic spread of cancer exemplify the immense potential of nanoparticles in tumor therapy. Advances in material science, tumor biology, immunology, and nanoformulation technology have fostered development of various antitumor nanotherapeutics. However, it is imperative to understand the intricate features of the tumor microenvironment that have a direct and significant influence on intracellular uptake, intratumoral distribution, and efficacy of these nanotherapeutics. Recent studies have highlighted the paramount role of tumor microenvironment and also explored an array of strategies to modulate the tumor microenvironment for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of cancer nanotherapeutics. This chapter focuses on various modes of tumor treatment such as chemotherapy, gene therapy, photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, immunotherapy, and sonodynamic therapy; barriers to tumoral delivery of nanotherapeutics; and potential role of nanocarriers in tumoral delivery of therapeutics.
Drug delivery and translational research, Aug 28, 2015
Atorvastatin calcium (AC) is a BCS class II drug which shows poor bioavailability due to inadequa... more Atorvastatin calcium (AC) is a BCS class II drug which shows poor bioavailability due to inadequate dissolution. Solid dispersions present a promising option to enhance the solubility of poorly soluble drugs. Co-grinding with hydrophilic excipients is an easy and economical technique to improve the solubility of poorly soluble drugs and is free from usage of organic solvents. The aim of the present study was to explore novel carrier VBP-1 (organosulphur compound) for formulating a solid dispersion by using a simple, commercially viable co-grinding technique to enhance the dissolution of AC and to develop an oral formulation of the same. Composition of the solid dispersion was optimized based on the release profile in pH 1.2 buffer. The optimized solid dispersion was further characterized for flow properties, DSC, FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, contact angle, SEM studies and release profile in phosphate buffer pH 6.8. The developed solid dispersion gave similar release profile as the innova...
Abstract Molecularly imprinted polymers are crosslinked macromolecular structures endowed with sp... more Abstract Molecularly imprinted polymers are crosslinked macromolecular structures endowed with specific binding cavities for a template moiety. Their selectivity and stability against harsh conditions coupled with their easy and economical fabrication have fueled various research endeavors in a myriad of applications, such as chromatographic separation, solid phase extraction, sensors, catalysts, and drug delivery. The chapter focuses on the fabrication aspects of molecularly imprinted polymers and gives an insight into the components and various methods employed for their production. Limitations of conventional methods have driven the development of novel techniques to generate water-compatible molecularly imprinted polymers and protein imprinted polymers. The chapter further showcases recent advances in the fabrication of molecularly imprinted polymers, such as use of supercritical fluid, epitope imprinting, and surface imprinting to overcome the drawbacks associated with conventional methods of molecularly imprinted polymer fabrication.
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Apr 16, 2022
Objectives Cerebral malaria (CM) is a lethal complication of Plasmodium falciparum infection. The... more Objectives Cerebral malaria (CM) is a lethal complication of Plasmodium falciparum infection. The multifactorial pathogenesis of the disease involving parasitic invasion of erythrocytes and sequestration of infected erythrocytes within the cerebral blood vessels leading to neuroinflammation and blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption demands a multi-pronged treatment strategy. This article gives a brief overview of the pathogenesis of CM, challenges associated with its treatment and potential strategies to combat the same. Key findings There are several roadblocks in the successful treatment of CM. Resistance to artemisinin-based therapies has been reported in malaria-endemic regions. The paucity of targeted delivery to the brain necessitates the administration of antimalarials such as quinine in large doses causing toxic effects. There is a need for compounds to prevent oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and BBB disruption to decrease the menace of neurological sequelae associated with CM. Summary Extensive research endeavours are now oriented towards investigating compounds that can act against neuroinflammation; developing brain-targeted nanocarriers to selectively deliver therapeutics against CM; and repurposing existing drugs and a combination of antimalarial and anti-inflammatory or immunomodulatory molecules for the treatment of CM. Protocols for evaluating novel proposed therapies against CM should be revisited to integrate monitoring of neurological parameters in parallel with the estimation of parasite load and survival.
Abstract Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Conventional chemotherapy which ... more Abstract Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Conventional chemotherapy which has been the mainstay of cancer therapy is associated with issues of poor intracellular uptake, off target toxicity, resistance, etc. Nanotherapeutics that include usage of nanocarriers loaded with therapeutic agents help to avoid these issues. Multifunctional nanocarriers endowed with dual functions of imaging and therapy (theranostics); nanocarriers delivering combination of drugs/genes; nanotherapeutics acting via different modes of therapy; nanoparticles selectively targeting tumor cells; smart nanocarriers that release the payload in response to some stimulus inside the cancer cell and nanocarriers to specifically tackle metastatic spread of cancer exemplify the immense potential of nanoparticles in tumor therapy. Advances in material science, tumor biology, immunology, and nanoformulation technology have fostered development of various antitumor nanotherapeutics. However, it is imperative to understand the intricate features of the tumor microenvironment that have a direct and significant influence on intracellular uptake, intratumoral distribution, and efficacy of these nanotherapeutics. Recent studies have highlighted the paramount role of tumor microenvironment and also explored an array of strategies to modulate the tumor microenvironment for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of cancer nanotherapeutics. This chapter focuses on various modes of tumor treatment such as chemotherapy, gene therapy, photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, immunotherapy, and sonodynamic therapy; barriers to tumoral delivery of nanotherapeutics; and potential role of nanocarriers in tumoral delivery of therapeutics.
Drug delivery and translational research, Aug 28, 2015
Atorvastatin calcium (AC) is a BCS class II drug which shows poor bioavailability due to inadequa... more Atorvastatin calcium (AC) is a BCS class II drug which shows poor bioavailability due to inadequate dissolution. Solid dispersions present a promising option to enhance the solubility of poorly soluble drugs. Co-grinding with hydrophilic excipients is an easy and economical technique to improve the solubility of poorly soluble drugs and is free from usage of organic solvents. The aim of the present study was to explore novel carrier VBP-1 (organosulphur compound) for formulating a solid dispersion by using a simple, commercially viable co-grinding technique to enhance the dissolution of AC and to develop an oral formulation of the same. Composition of the solid dispersion was optimized based on the release profile in pH 1.2 buffer. The optimized solid dispersion was further characterized for flow properties, DSC, FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, contact angle, SEM studies and release profile in phosphate buffer pH 6.8. The developed solid dispersion gave similar release profile as the innova...
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