At the present stage of phytosociology the syntaxonomic structure of sandy and rocky vegetation i... more At the present stage of phytosociology the syntaxonomic structure of sandy and rocky vegetation in Europe in the topic of heated discussion.
Aims and study area: We present the first formalised large-scale syntaxonomic overview of mesic s... more Aims and study area: We present the first formalised large-scale syntaxonomic overview of mesic semi-natural grassland communities (Arrhenatheretalia elatioris and Nardetalia strictae) in the Ukrainian part of the Eastern Carpathians and adjacent areas of Hungary, Slovakia and Poland. Methods: During 2009–2014 we recorded 759 phytosociological relevés using the Braun-Blanquet approach. The classification was based on our own phytosociological material as well as published material recorded by both Braun-Blanquet and eco-phyto-cenotic (dominant) approach comprising 2,000 phytocoenological relevés in total (952 relevés in the stratified data set). Semi-supervised and supervised classifications by the K-means method and indirect gradient analysis by detrended correspondence analysis were used for the analyses. Slovak electronic expert system and diagnostic species for grassland vegetation published in national overviews in the neighbouring countries helped us to identify individual clusters. Didukh indicator values were used to compare habitat conditions of delimited plant communites. Results: A total of fifteen well-differentiated associations within five alliances and two classes were delimited: Class Molinio-Arrhenatheretea including the alliance Arrhenatherion elatioris with associations Anthoxantho odorati-Agrostietum tenuis, Betonico officinalis-Trifolietum pannonici, Poo-Trisetetum flavescen-tis, Primulo veris-Agrostietum capillaris and Pastinaco sativae-Arrhenatheretum elatioris and the alliance Cyno-surion cristati with associations Plantagini-Lolietum perennis and Lolio perennis-Cynosuretum cristati. Class Nardetea strictae including the alliance Nardo strictae-Agrostion tenuis with associations Antennario dioicae-Nardetum strictae, Campanulo abietinae-Nardetum strictae and Betonico officinalis-Agrostietum capillaris, the alliance Violion caninae with associations Campanulo rotundifoliae-Dianthetum deltoidis, Hyperico maculati-Deschampsietum flexuosae, Festuco rupicolae-Nardetum strictae and Polygalo vulgaris-Nardetum strictae cari-cetosum fuscae and the alliance Potentillo ternatae-Nardion strictae with association Soldanello hungaricae-Nardetum strictae. The ecological differentiation of syntaxa is mainly based on certain environmental factors reflected in Didukh indicator values (DIV), management practices and altitude. Conclusions: This study complements current knowledge about mesic grasslands from poorly sampled area using the Braun-Blanquet approach. The classified syntaxa of mesic grasslands are discussed with respect to their distribution in the Car-pathians and Europe and we expect that the results of our research will assist in the anticipated future supranational classification of mesic grasslands in the Carpathians.
Questions: What are the main floristic patterns in the Pannonian and western Pontic steppe grassl... more Questions: What are the main floristic patterns in the Pannonian and western Pontic steppe grasslands? What are the diagnostic species of the major subdivisions of the class Festuco-Brometea (temperate Euro-Siberian dry and semi-dry grasslands)? Location: Carpathian Basin (E Austria, SE Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Slovenia, N Croatia and N Serbia), Ukraine, S Poland and the Bryansk region of W Russia. Methods: We applied a geographically stratified resampling to a large set of releves containing at least one indicator species of steppe grasslands. The resulting data set of 17 993 releves was classified using the TWINSPAN algorithm. We identified groups of clusters that corresponded to the class Festuco-Brometea. After excluding releves not belonging to our target class, we applied a consensus of three fidelity measures, also taking into account external knowledge, to establish the diagnostic species of the orders of the class. The original TWINSPAN divisions were revised on the basis of these diagnostic species. Results: The TWINSPAN classification revealed soil moisture as the most important environmental factor. Eight out of 16 TWINSPAN groups corresponded to Festuco-Brometea. A total of 80, 32 and 58 species were accepted as diagnostic for the orders Brometalia erecti, Festucetalia valesiacae and Stipo-Festucetalia pallentis, respectively. In the further subdivision of the orders, soil conditions, geographic distribution and altitude could be identified as factors driving the major floristic patterns. Conclusions: We propose the following classification of the Festuco-Brometea in our study area: (1) Brometalia erecti (semi-dry grasslands) with Scabioso ochroleucae-Poion angustifoliae (steppe meadows of the forest zone of E Europe) and Cirsio-Brachypodion pinnati (meadow steppes on deep soils in the forest-steppe zone of E Central and E Europe); (2) Festucetalia valesiacae (grass steppes) with Festucion valesiacae (grass steppes on less developed soils in the forest-steppe zone of E Central and E Europe) and Stipion lessingianae (grass steppes in the steppe zone); (3) Stipo-Festucetalia pallentis (rocky steppes) with Asplenio septentrionalis-Festucion pallentis (rocky steppes on siliceous and intermediate soils), Bromo-Festucion pallentis (thermophilous rocky steppes on calcareous soils), Diantho-Seslerion (dealpine Sesleria caerulea grasslands of the Western Carpathians) and Seslerion rigidae (dealpine Sesleria rigida grasslands of the Romanian Carpathians).
We present the syntaxonomic overview of semi-natural mesic grassland communities (Arrhenatheretal... more We present the syntaxonomic overview of semi-natural mesic grassland communities (Arrhenatheretalia elatioris and Nardetalia strictae orders) from the Bystrytsya Nadvirnianska river valley in the Ukrainian Carpathians. We collected 55 phytosociological relevés in the 2015 vegetation season using Braun-Blanquet approach. Analyses were conducted by semi-supervised K-means classification method and detrended correspondence analysis. Seven grassland types in four alliances were distinguished in the dataset. The Arrhenatherion elatioris alliance involved two associations. Unploughed, regularly long-term mown and sometimes extensively grazed grasslands of the Anthoxantho odorati-Agrostietum tenuis association were more frequent than Poo-Trisetetum flavescentis association developing on fallows (former arable fields). The intensive pastures classified as the Lolio perennis-Cynosuretum cristati association of the Cynosurion cristati alliance were rarely recorded, while the oligotrophic pastures of Violion caninae alliance were more frequent. They consisted of one well differentiated association of semi-wet extensively grazed grasslands of the Polygalo vulgaris
Aims: This paper reviews the classification of mesic grassland vegetation (phytosociological clas... more Aims: This paper reviews the classification of mesic grassland vegetation (phytosociological class Molinio-Ar-rhenatheretea) in Ukraine, and integrates the units recorded into the common European syntaxonomical system of the Molinio-Arrhenatheretea class. It also proposes solutions to a number of issues that cause conflict between the classical Central European concept of the Molinio-Arrhenatheretea class and its traditional syntax-onomy in the former USSR. Location: Forest and forest steppe zones of Ukraine. Methods: I analysed 2,105 relevés originally assigned to the Molinio-Arrhenatheretea class using the European Expert System and K-means clustering. The units were evaluated for quality and internal homogeneity using Sharpness index and Average Whittaker beta-diversity. I determined the diagnostic species of the vegetation units using calculations of their fidelity based on a phi-coefficient. The environmental assessment of the units follows the Didukh indicator values. Results: I interpreted the resulting vegetation units as alliances of the Braun-Blanquet system (Agrostion vinealis, Arrhenatherion elatioris, Cynosurion cristati, Deschampsion cespitosae, Molinion caeruleae, Potentillion anserinae and Calthion palustris) based on a complex of diagnostic species. I also analysed the distribution of the communities of the identified alliances in the study area, revealing their ecological features. Conclusions: The use of modern phytosociological methods in this study to analyse geobotanical data collected over a long period and a large area covering the whole range of the Molinio-Arrhenatheretea class in the country, clarified a number of controversial issues previously related to the lack of coordination between the Central and Eastern European phytosociology. Nomenclature: Flora Europaea (Tutin et al. 1968–1993) for vascular plants; Mucina et al. (in press) for higher syntaxa. Abbreviations: DCA = Detrended Correspondence Analysis; DIV = Didukh indicator values; EVA = Euro-pean Vegetation Archive (http://euroveg.org/eva-database); GIVD = Global Index of Vegetation-Plot Databases (http://www.givd.info); ICPN = International Code of Phytosociological Nomenclature; PAM = Partitioning around medoids.
We asked: (i) Which environmental factors determine the level of a-diversity at several scales an... more We asked: (i) Which environmental factors determine the level of a-diversity at several scales and b-diversity in steppic grasslands? (ii) How do the effects of environmental factors on a-and b-diversity vary between the different taxonomic groups (vascular plants, bryophytes, lichens)? We sampled nested-plot series ranging from 0.0001 to 100 m 2 and additional 10-m 2 plots, covering different vegetation types and management regimes in steppes and semi-natural dry grasslands of Central Podolia (Ukraine). We recorded all terricolous taxa and used topographic, soil, land-use and climatic variables as predictors.
The results of the study of ferns collection of the historical herbarium of Uman College of Agric... more The results of the study of ferns collection of the historical herbarium of Uman College of Agriculture and Horticulture (end of XIX – beginning of XX century), stored in the scientific herbarium of the National Dendrological Park "Sofiyivka" of NAS of Ukraine have been presented. The basic biographical data about collectors have been given, geography and habitat characteristics of the samples have been analyzed, and the results of the taxonomic treatment of 42 herbarium specimens of the collection, in accordance with their current nomenclature – 28 species, 19 genera, 11 families, 2 division have been presented.
At the present stage of phytosociology the syntaxonomic structure of sandy and rocky vegetation i... more At the present stage of phytosociology the syntaxonomic structure of sandy and rocky vegetation in Europe in the topic of heated discussion.
Aims and study area: We present the first formalised large-scale syntaxonomic overview of mesic s... more Aims and study area: We present the first formalised large-scale syntaxonomic overview of mesic semi-natural grassland communities (Arrhenatheretalia elatioris and Nardetalia strictae) in the Ukrainian part of the Eastern Carpathians and adjacent areas of Hungary, Slovakia and Poland. Methods: During 2009–2014 we recorded 759 phytosociological relevés using the Braun-Blanquet approach. The classification was based on our own phytosociological material as well as published material recorded by both Braun-Blanquet and eco-phyto-cenotic (dominant) approach comprising 2,000 phytocoenological relevés in total (952 relevés in the stratified data set). Semi-supervised and supervised classifications by the K-means method and indirect gradient analysis by detrended correspondence analysis were used for the analyses. Slovak electronic expert system and diagnostic species for grassland vegetation published in national overviews in the neighbouring countries helped us to identify individual clusters. Didukh indicator values were used to compare habitat conditions of delimited plant communites. Results: A total of fifteen well-differentiated associations within five alliances and two classes were delimited: Class Molinio-Arrhenatheretea including the alliance Arrhenatherion elatioris with associations Anthoxantho odorati-Agrostietum tenuis, Betonico officinalis-Trifolietum pannonici, Poo-Trisetetum flavescen-tis, Primulo veris-Agrostietum capillaris and Pastinaco sativae-Arrhenatheretum elatioris and the alliance Cyno-surion cristati with associations Plantagini-Lolietum perennis and Lolio perennis-Cynosuretum cristati. Class Nardetea strictae including the alliance Nardo strictae-Agrostion tenuis with associations Antennario dioicae-Nardetum strictae, Campanulo abietinae-Nardetum strictae and Betonico officinalis-Agrostietum capillaris, the alliance Violion caninae with associations Campanulo rotundifoliae-Dianthetum deltoidis, Hyperico maculati-Deschampsietum flexuosae, Festuco rupicolae-Nardetum strictae and Polygalo vulgaris-Nardetum strictae cari-cetosum fuscae and the alliance Potentillo ternatae-Nardion strictae with association Soldanello hungaricae-Nardetum strictae. The ecological differentiation of syntaxa is mainly based on certain environmental factors reflected in Didukh indicator values (DIV), management practices and altitude. Conclusions: This study complements current knowledge about mesic grasslands from poorly sampled area using the Braun-Blanquet approach. The classified syntaxa of mesic grasslands are discussed with respect to their distribution in the Car-pathians and Europe and we expect that the results of our research will assist in the anticipated future supranational classification of mesic grasslands in the Carpathians.
Questions: What are the main floristic patterns in the Pannonian and western Pontic steppe grassl... more Questions: What are the main floristic patterns in the Pannonian and western Pontic steppe grasslands? What are the diagnostic species of the major subdivisions of the class Festuco-Brometea (temperate Euro-Siberian dry and semi-dry grasslands)? Location: Carpathian Basin (E Austria, SE Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Slovenia, N Croatia and N Serbia), Ukraine, S Poland and the Bryansk region of W Russia. Methods: We applied a geographically stratified resampling to a large set of releves containing at least one indicator species of steppe grasslands. The resulting data set of 17 993 releves was classified using the TWINSPAN algorithm. We identified groups of clusters that corresponded to the class Festuco-Brometea. After excluding releves not belonging to our target class, we applied a consensus of three fidelity measures, also taking into account external knowledge, to establish the diagnostic species of the orders of the class. The original TWINSPAN divisions were revised on the basis of these diagnostic species. Results: The TWINSPAN classification revealed soil moisture as the most important environmental factor. Eight out of 16 TWINSPAN groups corresponded to Festuco-Brometea. A total of 80, 32 and 58 species were accepted as diagnostic for the orders Brometalia erecti, Festucetalia valesiacae and Stipo-Festucetalia pallentis, respectively. In the further subdivision of the orders, soil conditions, geographic distribution and altitude could be identified as factors driving the major floristic patterns. Conclusions: We propose the following classification of the Festuco-Brometea in our study area: (1) Brometalia erecti (semi-dry grasslands) with Scabioso ochroleucae-Poion angustifoliae (steppe meadows of the forest zone of E Europe) and Cirsio-Brachypodion pinnati (meadow steppes on deep soils in the forest-steppe zone of E Central and E Europe); (2) Festucetalia valesiacae (grass steppes) with Festucion valesiacae (grass steppes on less developed soils in the forest-steppe zone of E Central and E Europe) and Stipion lessingianae (grass steppes in the steppe zone); (3) Stipo-Festucetalia pallentis (rocky steppes) with Asplenio septentrionalis-Festucion pallentis (rocky steppes on siliceous and intermediate soils), Bromo-Festucion pallentis (thermophilous rocky steppes on calcareous soils), Diantho-Seslerion (dealpine Sesleria caerulea grasslands of the Western Carpathians) and Seslerion rigidae (dealpine Sesleria rigida grasslands of the Romanian Carpathians).
We present the syntaxonomic overview of semi-natural mesic grassland communities (Arrhenatheretal... more We present the syntaxonomic overview of semi-natural mesic grassland communities (Arrhenatheretalia elatioris and Nardetalia strictae orders) from the Bystrytsya Nadvirnianska river valley in the Ukrainian Carpathians. We collected 55 phytosociological relevés in the 2015 vegetation season using Braun-Blanquet approach. Analyses were conducted by semi-supervised K-means classification method and detrended correspondence analysis. Seven grassland types in four alliances were distinguished in the dataset. The Arrhenatherion elatioris alliance involved two associations. Unploughed, regularly long-term mown and sometimes extensively grazed grasslands of the Anthoxantho odorati-Agrostietum tenuis association were more frequent than Poo-Trisetetum flavescentis association developing on fallows (former arable fields). The intensive pastures classified as the Lolio perennis-Cynosuretum cristati association of the Cynosurion cristati alliance were rarely recorded, while the oligotrophic pastures of Violion caninae alliance were more frequent. They consisted of one well differentiated association of semi-wet extensively grazed grasslands of the Polygalo vulgaris
Aims: This paper reviews the classification of mesic grassland vegetation (phytosociological clas... more Aims: This paper reviews the classification of mesic grassland vegetation (phytosociological class Molinio-Ar-rhenatheretea) in Ukraine, and integrates the units recorded into the common European syntaxonomical system of the Molinio-Arrhenatheretea class. It also proposes solutions to a number of issues that cause conflict between the classical Central European concept of the Molinio-Arrhenatheretea class and its traditional syntax-onomy in the former USSR. Location: Forest and forest steppe zones of Ukraine. Methods: I analysed 2,105 relevés originally assigned to the Molinio-Arrhenatheretea class using the European Expert System and K-means clustering. The units were evaluated for quality and internal homogeneity using Sharpness index and Average Whittaker beta-diversity. I determined the diagnostic species of the vegetation units using calculations of their fidelity based on a phi-coefficient. The environmental assessment of the units follows the Didukh indicator values. Results: I interpreted the resulting vegetation units as alliances of the Braun-Blanquet system (Agrostion vinealis, Arrhenatherion elatioris, Cynosurion cristati, Deschampsion cespitosae, Molinion caeruleae, Potentillion anserinae and Calthion palustris) based on a complex of diagnostic species. I also analysed the distribution of the communities of the identified alliances in the study area, revealing their ecological features. Conclusions: The use of modern phytosociological methods in this study to analyse geobotanical data collected over a long period and a large area covering the whole range of the Molinio-Arrhenatheretea class in the country, clarified a number of controversial issues previously related to the lack of coordination between the Central and Eastern European phytosociology. Nomenclature: Flora Europaea (Tutin et al. 1968–1993) for vascular plants; Mucina et al. (in press) for higher syntaxa. Abbreviations: DCA = Detrended Correspondence Analysis; DIV = Didukh indicator values; EVA = Euro-pean Vegetation Archive (http://euroveg.org/eva-database); GIVD = Global Index of Vegetation-Plot Databases (http://www.givd.info); ICPN = International Code of Phytosociological Nomenclature; PAM = Partitioning around medoids.
We asked: (i) Which environmental factors determine the level of a-diversity at several scales an... more We asked: (i) Which environmental factors determine the level of a-diversity at several scales and b-diversity in steppic grasslands? (ii) How do the effects of environmental factors on a-and b-diversity vary between the different taxonomic groups (vascular plants, bryophytes, lichens)? We sampled nested-plot series ranging from 0.0001 to 100 m 2 and additional 10-m 2 plots, covering different vegetation types and management regimes in steppes and semi-natural dry grasslands of Central Podolia (Ukraine). We recorded all terricolous taxa and used topographic, soil, land-use and climatic variables as predictors.
The results of the study of ferns collection of the historical herbarium of Uman College of Agric... more The results of the study of ferns collection of the historical herbarium of Uman College of Agriculture and Horticulture (end of XIX – beginning of XX century), stored in the scientific herbarium of the National Dendrological Park "Sofiyivka" of NAS of Ukraine have been presented. The basic biographical data about collectors have been given, geography and habitat characteristics of the samples have been analyzed, and the results of the taxonomic treatment of 42 herbarium specimens of the collection, in accordance with their current nomenclature – 28 species, 19 genera, 11 families, 2 division have been presented.
У довіднику наведено інформацію про сучасний стан та подальші перспективи збереження рідкісних та... more У довіднику наведено інформацію про сучасний стан та подальші перспективи збереження рідкісних та зникаючих трав’янистих рослин у Національному дендрологічному парку «Софіївка» НАН України. Охарактеризовано 72 види рослин, серед яких занесені до Червоного списку Міжнародного союзу охорони природи, Європейського Червоного списку, додатків міжнародних конфенцій — Бернської та СІТЕС, Червоної книги України, списків регіонально рідкісних рослин Черкаської, Вінницької та Кіровоградської областей. Для ботаніків, екологів, спеціалістів у галузі охорони природи, викладачів та студентів вищих навчальних закладів, вчитилів біології.
The results of a comprehensive study of the meadow vegetation of the Forest and Forest-Steppe zon... more The results of a comprehensive study of the meadow vegetation of the Forest and Forest-Steppe zones of the plain part of Ukraine are presented in the thesis. The inventory of the meadow vegetation and partly the other classes of natural grasslands and wetlands vegetation has been carried out. It consists of 7 classes, 17 orders, 25 alliances, and 66 associations. It was determined the peculiarities of the vegetation differentiation in accordance of the main environmental factors, altitude, latutude and longitude, features of micro- and mesorelief. The total degree of the meadow vegetation degradation has been estimated and the peculiaritires of its anthropogenic transformation in temporal and regional aspects have been revealed. It was picked out the basic epochs, periods and stages of the genesis of meadow vegetation and proposed the strategic direction for conservation and restabilization of meadow vegetation of the region under the current conditions.
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Location: Carpathian Basin (E Austria, SE Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Slovenia, N Croatia and N Serbia), Ukraine, S Poland and the Bryansk region of W Russia.
Methods: We applied a geographically stratified resampling to a large set of releves containing at least one indicator species of steppe grasslands. The resulting data set of 17 993 releves was classified using the TWINSPAN algorithm. We identified groups of clusters that corresponded to the class Festuco-Brometea. After excluding releves not belonging to our target class, we applied a consensus of three fidelity measures, also taking into account external knowledge, to establish the diagnostic species of the orders of the class. The original TWINSPAN divisions were revised on the basis of these diagnostic species.
Results: The TWINSPAN classification revealed soil moisture as the most important environmental factor. Eight out of 16 TWINSPAN groups corresponded to Festuco-Brometea. A total of 80, 32 and 58 species were accepted as diagnostic for the orders Brometalia erecti, Festucetalia valesiacae and Stipo-Festucetalia pallentis,
respectively. In the further subdivision of the orders, soil conditions, geographic distribution and altitude could be identified as factors driving the major floristic patterns.
Conclusions: We propose the following classification of the Festuco-Brometea in our study area: (1) Brometalia erecti (semi-dry grasslands) with Scabioso ochroleucae-Poion angustifoliae (steppe meadows of the forest zone of E Europe) and Cirsio-Brachypodion pinnati (meadow steppes on deep soils in the forest-steppe zone of E Central and E Europe); (2) Festucetalia valesiacae (grass steppes) with Festucion
valesiacae (grass steppes on less developed soils in the forest-steppe zone of E Central and E Europe) and Stipion lessingianae (grass steppes in the steppe zone); (3) Stipo-Festucetalia pallentis (rocky steppes) with Asplenio septentrionalis-Festucion pallentis (rocky steppes on siliceous and intermediate soils), Bromo-Festucion pallentis (thermophilous rocky steppes on calcareous soils), Diantho-Seslerion (dealpine Sesleria caerulea grasslands of the Western Carpathians) and Seslerion rigidae
(dealpine Sesleria rigida grasslands of the Romanian Carpathians).
Horticulture (end of XIX – beginning of XX century), stored in the scientific herbarium of the National
Dendrological Park "Sofiyivka" of NAS of Ukraine have been presented. The basic biographical data about
collectors have been given, geography and habitat characteristics of the samples have been analyzed, and the
results of the taxonomic treatment of 42 herbarium specimens of the collection, in accordance with their current
nomenclature – 28 species, 19 genera, 11 families, 2 division have been presented.
Location: Carpathian Basin (E Austria, SE Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Slovenia, N Croatia and N Serbia), Ukraine, S Poland and the Bryansk region of W Russia.
Methods: We applied a geographically stratified resampling to a large set of releves containing at least one indicator species of steppe grasslands. The resulting data set of 17 993 releves was classified using the TWINSPAN algorithm. We identified groups of clusters that corresponded to the class Festuco-Brometea. After excluding releves not belonging to our target class, we applied a consensus of three fidelity measures, also taking into account external knowledge, to establish the diagnostic species of the orders of the class. The original TWINSPAN divisions were revised on the basis of these diagnostic species.
Results: The TWINSPAN classification revealed soil moisture as the most important environmental factor. Eight out of 16 TWINSPAN groups corresponded to Festuco-Brometea. A total of 80, 32 and 58 species were accepted as diagnostic for the orders Brometalia erecti, Festucetalia valesiacae and Stipo-Festucetalia pallentis,
respectively. In the further subdivision of the orders, soil conditions, geographic distribution and altitude could be identified as factors driving the major floristic patterns.
Conclusions: We propose the following classification of the Festuco-Brometea in our study area: (1) Brometalia erecti (semi-dry grasslands) with Scabioso ochroleucae-Poion angustifoliae (steppe meadows of the forest zone of E Europe) and Cirsio-Brachypodion pinnati (meadow steppes on deep soils in the forest-steppe zone of E Central and E Europe); (2) Festucetalia valesiacae (grass steppes) with Festucion
valesiacae (grass steppes on less developed soils in the forest-steppe zone of E Central and E Europe) and Stipion lessingianae (grass steppes in the steppe zone); (3) Stipo-Festucetalia pallentis (rocky steppes) with Asplenio septentrionalis-Festucion pallentis (rocky steppes on siliceous and intermediate soils), Bromo-Festucion pallentis (thermophilous rocky steppes on calcareous soils), Diantho-Seslerion (dealpine Sesleria caerulea grasslands of the Western Carpathians) and Seslerion rigidae
(dealpine Sesleria rigida grasslands of the Romanian Carpathians).
Horticulture (end of XIX – beginning of XX century), stored in the scientific herbarium of the National
Dendrological Park "Sofiyivka" of NAS of Ukraine have been presented. The basic biographical data about
collectors have been given, geography and habitat characteristics of the samples have been analyzed, and the
results of the taxonomic treatment of 42 herbarium specimens of the collection, in accordance with their current
nomenclature – 28 species, 19 genera, 11 families, 2 division have been presented.
Для ботаніків, екологів, спеціалістів у галузі охорони природи, викладачів та студентів вищих навчальних закладів, вчитилів біології.
The inventory of the meadow vegetation and partly the other classes of natural grasslands and wetlands vegetation has been carried out. It consists of 7 classes, 17 orders, 25 alliances, and 66 associations. It was determined the peculiarities of the vegetation differentiation in accordance of the main environmental factors, altitude, latutude and longitude, features of micro- and mesorelief. The total degree of the meadow vegetation degradation has been estimated and the peculiaritires of its anthropogenic transformation in temporal and regional aspects have been revealed. It was picked out the basic epochs, periods and stages of the genesis of meadow vegetation and proposed the strategic direction for conservation and restabilization of meadow vegetation of the region under the current conditions.