In this work, different ethanol ratios (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) blended with biodiesel were used t... more In this work, different ethanol ratios (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) blended with biodiesel were used to investigate the effects of ethanol addition on engine performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of a high-speed diesel engine in terms of brake power, brake specific fuel consumption, brake thermal efficiency, cylinder pressure, cylinder temperature, heat release rate, NOx, CO, and soot emissions. First, a three-dimensional CFD model was established by AVL-Fire combined with the CHEMKIN code. Then, an improved kinetic mechanism with 430 reactions and 122 species was developed by combining a three-component biodiesel combustion mechanism and ethanol mechanism to accurately simulate the blended fuel combustion processes. The results indicated that compared with biodiesel, the maximum brake specific fuel consumption increased by 6.08%, and the maximum brake thermal efficiency increased by 2.09% for the blended fuel. In addition, NOx and CO emissions for EE20 were reduced by 29...
Abstract. The maximum limit of water storage capacity in sewers and storm drains depends on the d... more Abstract. The maximum limit of water storage capacity in sewers and storm drains depends on the draining capacity of the sewer or drain. When the draining capacity is exceeded, this results in the overloading of the sewer capacity, causing flooding. This moment, which is called the "choking" phenomenon. Therefore, draining capacity will decrease, and flooding can occur in a short period of time. The purpose of the current research was to examine this phenomenon by determining the correlation between draining capacity and water storage levels in the experimental situation. The experiments were based on original techniques published in 1949
Spatial and temporal characteristics of turbulent pipe flows using nanofluids and dilute polymer ... more Spatial and temporal characteristics of turbulent pipe flows using nanofluids and dilute polymer solutions are examined by means of instantaneous differential pressure and velocity measurements. Spherical and elongated nanosilica particles (SiO 2 ) are mixed into water to make nanofluid and polyacrylamide (PAC) is dissolved into water to make PAC solution. The effects of nanofluid on the drag reduction and turbulent structure are determined and compared with the effects of polymer additives on the turbulent structures and drag reduction. Suppression of turbulence near pipe wall was observed with the introduction of both spherical and elongated nanoparticles. Although experimental results show that nanofluids are not candidates for drag reduction unlike polymer additives, they do not increase pressure drop. Hence addition of nanoparticles into heat transfer fluids could have the potential for heat transfer enhancement in pipe flow without paying the penalty of increasing pumping power.
Design concepts of real-time embedded system can be realized initially by introducing novel desig... more Design concepts of real-time embedded system can be realized initially by introducing novel design approaches. In this literature, model based design approach and in-the-loop testing were employed early in the conceptual and preliminary phase to formulate design requirements and perform quick real-time verification. The design and analysis methodology includes simulation analysis, model based testing, and in-the-loop testing. The design of conceptual driveby-wire, or DBW, algorithm for electronic control unit, or ECU, was presented to demonstrate the conceptual design process, analysis, and functionality evaluation. The concepts of DBW ECU function can be implemented in the vehicle system to improve electric vehicle, or EV, conversion drivability. However, within a new development process, conceptual ECU functions and parameters are needed to be evaluated. As a result, the testing system was employed to support conceptual DBW ECU functions evaluation. For the current setup, the syst...
Volume 9: Mechanics of Solids, Structures and Fluids, 2010
ABSTRACT Spatial and temporal characteristics of turbulent pipe flows using nanofluids and dilute... more ABSTRACT Spatial and temporal characteristics of turbulent pipe flows using nanofluids and dilute polymer solutions are examined by means of instantaneous differential pressure and velocity measurements. Spherical and elongated nanosilica particles (SiO2 ) are mixed into water to make nanofluid and polyacrylamide (PAC) is dissolved into water to make PAC solution. The effects of nanofluid on the drag reduction and turbulent structure are determined and compared with the effects of polymer additives on the turbulent structures and drag reduction. Suppression of turbulence near pipe wall was observed with the introduction of both spherical and elongated nanoparticles. Although experimental results show that nanofluids are not candidates for drag reduction unlike polymer additives, they do not increase pressure drop. Hence addition of nanoparticles into heat transfer fluids could have the potential for heat transfer enhancement in pipe flow without paying the penalty of increasing pumping power.
In this work, different ethanol ratios (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) blended with biodiesel were used t... more In this work, different ethanol ratios (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) blended with biodiesel were used to investigate the effects of ethanol addition on engine performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of a high-speed diesel engine in terms of brake power, brake specific fuel consumption, brake thermal efficiency, cylinder pressure, cylinder temperature, heat release rate, NOx, CO, and soot emissions. First, a three-dimensional CFD model was established by AVL-Fire combined with the CHEMKIN code. Then, an improved kinetic mechanism with 430 reactions and 122 species was developed by combining a three-component biodiesel combustion mechanism and ethanol mechanism to accurately simulate the blended fuel combustion processes. The results indicated that compared with biodiesel, the maximum brake specific fuel consumption increased by 6.08%, and the maximum brake thermal efficiency increased by 2.09% for the blended fuel. In addition, NOx and CO emissions for EE20 were reduced by 29...
Abstract. The maximum limit of water storage capacity in sewers and storm drains depends on the d... more Abstract. The maximum limit of water storage capacity in sewers and storm drains depends on the draining capacity of the sewer or drain. When the draining capacity is exceeded, this results in the overloading of the sewer capacity, causing flooding. This moment, which is called the "choking" phenomenon. Therefore, draining capacity will decrease, and flooding can occur in a short period of time. The purpose of the current research was to examine this phenomenon by determining the correlation between draining capacity and water storage levels in the experimental situation. The experiments were based on original techniques published in 1949
Spatial and temporal characteristics of turbulent pipe flows using nanofluids and dilute polymer ... more Spatial and temporal characteristics of turbulent pipe flows using nanofluids and dilute polymer solutions are examined by means of instantaneous differential pressure and velocity measurements. Spherical and elongated nanosilica particles (SiO 2 ) are mixed into water to make nanofluid and polyacrylamide (PAC) is dissolved into water to make PAC solution. The effects of nanofluid on the drag reduction and turbulent structure are determined and compared with the effects of polymer additives on the turbulent structures and drag reduction. Suppression of turbulence near pipe wall was observed with the introduction of both spherical and elongated nanoparticles. Although experimental results show that nanofluids are not candidates for drag reduction unlike polymer additives, they do not increase pressure drop. Hence addition of nanoparticles into heat transfer fluids could have the potential for heat transfer enhancement in pipe flow without paying the penalty of increasing pumping power.
Design concepts of real-time embedded system can be realized initially by introducing novel desig... more Design concepts of real-time embedded system can be realized initially by introducing novel design approaches. In this literature, model based design approach and in-the-loop testing were employed early in the conceptual and preliminary phase to formulate design requirements and perform quick real-time verification. The design and analysis methodology includes simulation analysis, model based testing, and in-the-loop testing. The design of conceptual driveby-wire, or DBW, algorithm for electronic control unit, or ECU, was presented to demonstrate the conceptual design process, analysis, and functionality evaluation. The concepts of DBW ECU function can be implemented in the vehicle system to improve electric vehicle, or EV, conversion drivability. However, within a new development process, conceptual ECU functions and parameters are needed to be evaluated. As a result, the testing system was employed to support conceptual DBW ECU functions evaluation. For the current setup, the syst...
Volume 9: Mechanics of Solids, Structures and Fluids, 2010
ABSTRACT Spatial and temporal characteristics of turbulent pipe flows using nanofluids and dilute... more ABSTRACT Spatial and temporal characteristics of turbulent pipe flows using nanofluids and dilute polymer solutions are examined by means of instantaneous differential pressure and velocity measurements. Spherical and elongated nanosilica particles (SiO2 ) are mixed into water to make nanofluid and polyacrylamide (PAC) is dissolved into water to make PAC solution. The effects of nanofluid on the drag reduction and turbulent structure are determined and compared with the effects of polymer additives on the turbulent structures and drag reduction. Suppression of turbulence near pipe wall was observed with the introduction of both spherical and elongated nanoparticles. Although experimental results show that nanofluids are not candidates for drag reduction unlike polymer additives, they do not increase pressure drop. Hence addition of nanoparticles into heat transfer fluids could have the potential for heat transfer enhancement in pipe flow without paying the penalty of increasing pumping power.
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