The Eastern Mediterranean region is affected by devastating annual flood events that cause massiv... more The Eastern Mediterranean region is affected by devastating annual flood events that cause massive socio-economic losses, especially in Syria. The displacement of thousands of refugees to the western region of Syria has led to tremendous pressures on the landscape, increasing the flood vulnerability. Moreover, the absence of administrative control over the landscape increased the economic losses caused by flood events. Producing flood vulnerability maps is considered one of the most important spatial strategies that will provide the essential basis for flood hazard management. The present study sought to detect flood vulnerability areas in the Al-Fawar river basin, western Syria, utilising the combination of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method and the Geographical Information System (GIS) environment. To accomplish this purpose, nine factors influencing flood vulnerability were appointed: rainfall, elevation, slope, Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), drainage density, distance from the river, soil resistance, Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) and lithology. Importantly, A total of 129 flood events were specified as a validation dataset for the accuracy inspection, which was conducted utilising the Area Under the Curve (AUC). The results demonstrate that more than 32% of the study basin is regarded high and very high flooding threat. These parts are found in the central and western parts of the study area along the river courses. The AUC value of 0.868 implies the flood vulnerability map's reliable and accurate predictive ability constructed utilising AHP. The current approach implemented denotes a productive tool for LULC planners and policymakers to develop managing plans for flood hazards in the environmental rehabilitation phase in Syria.
تتجه الدراسات العالمية الحالية في نظم المعلومات الجغرافية إلى التحليل الثلاثي الأبعاد 3D Analyst ... more تتجه الدراسات العالمية الحالية في نظم المعلومات الجغرافية إلى التحليل الثلاثي الأبعاد 3D Analyst للخصائص الأرضية، والتي تساعد في دراسة وفهم العلاقات المكانية لسطح الأرض والعوامل الطبيعية والبشرية المؤثرة فيه. وتعد النمذجة التضاريسية الرقمية ثلاثية الأبعاد Digital Terrain Modeling من أحدث طرق تحليل الخصائص التضاريسية لسطح الأرض بالاعتماد على نماذج الارتفاع الرقمية الملتقطة بواسطة الأقمار الاصطناعية، ولها العديد من التطبيقات الجيولوجية والجيومورفولوجية والهيدرولوجية والتنموية. وتهدف هذه الدراسة إلى البناء الرقمي للنماذج التضاريسية الثلاثية الابعاد TIN’s في بيئة نظم المعلومات الجغرافية لدراسة 1) تأثير الخصائص التضاريسية لمنطقة الدراسة على الأخطار الطبيعية المتمثلة في الانهيارات الصخرية والسيول وعلاقتها بالتنمية العمرانية. 2) دراسة الخصائص الجيومورفومترية والهيدرولوجية لأشكال سطح الأرض، وتطبيق نموذج ثلاثي الأبعاد لمحاكاة الفيضان السيلي، وتقدير أحجام الخزانات المقترحة، واقتراح مواقع السدود للحماية من تدفق مياه السيول. 3) دراسة تغيرات الغطاء الأرضي Land Cover في بعض أحواض التصريف بمنطقة الدراسة وعلاقتها بالخصائص التضاريسية والتنبؤ المكاني المستقبلي. 4) دراسة التغيرات الطبوغرافية الناتجة عن فعل الأنشطة البشرية والمتمثلة في أنشطة التحجير، والتعمير في بعض المناطق بمنطقة الدراسة. وتعتمد هذه الدراسة على تكامل بيانات مكانية متعددة ومتباينة المصدر والمتمثلة في مرئيات الأقمار الاصطناعية الملتقطة خلال الفترة من 2013 حتى 2024م، والخرائط الطبوغرافية والجيولوجية، ونماذج الارتفاع الرقمية المختلفة مثل SRTM, Sentinel-1 SAR DEM وخرائط التربة والغطاء الأرضي، والطرق، وذلك بهدف بناء قاعدة بيانات جغرافية يمكن من خلالها إنشاء نموذج تضاريسي رقمي ثلاثي الأبعاد DTM لظاهرات منطقة الدراسة.
Nearly half of the world’s population lives near the coasts of oceans and seas. The coastline pos... more Nearly half of the world’s population lives near the coasts of oceans and seas. The coastline position changes under the influence of multiple natural and anthropogenic factors. Recently, due to the global impacts of climate change and population growth, the issue of geomorphological changes in coastlines has become more critical. Therefore, the assessment and mapping of coastline dynamics is one of the most essential factors for sustainable development goals and urban planning. The objectives of this study are to focus on discussing the research progress of applications of satellite remote sensing datasets and GIS methods for coastline extraction, mapping, and analysis along global coasts. A systematic review and trend analysis of the most recent published studies that focused on remote sensing and GIS techniques for assessing coastal dynamics were published between 2012 and 2022 along different coasts worldwide. The results indicated that multisource and multisensor remote sensing datasets were globally utilized for monitoring coastline changes, including (1) medium-resolution imagery such as Sentinel and Landsat, (2) SAR and optical high-resolution imagery, (3) modern remote sensing technologies such as UAV and LiDAR, and (4) GIS-based methods, spatial analysis, and artificial intelligence. This study concludes that coastal change can be tracked using any form of remote sensing, including drones, LiDAR, higher resolution imaging, and Landsat imagery. This review provides a comprehensive reference for upcoming work on coastal management and exploitation development and research, especially for the low elevation coastal zones that are affected by coastal hazards.
يقدم هذا البحث دراسة مورفومترية لأحواض شبكة المجاري المائية الواقعة بمحمية علبه، اعتماداً على تحل... more يقدم هذا البحث دراسة مورفومترية لأحواض شبكة المجاري المائية الواقعة بمحمية علبه، اعتماداً على تحليل بيانات الأقمار الصناعية باستخدام تقنيات الاستشعار من بعد Remote Sensing، ونظم المعلومات الجغرافيةGIS ، كأحد المصادر الرئيسية للحصول على البيانات المكانية في دراسة الموارد الطبيعية، نظراً لما توفره المرئيات الفضائية من بيانات تفصيلية غزيرة لمساحات واسعة، علاوة على كونها وسيلة مساعدة في تحديد حدود الأحواض المائية وشبكة مجاري الأودية وحساب المتغيرات المورفولوجية والمورفومترية لشبكة التصريف من رتب الأودية، وأعداد المجاري وأطوالها، إلى جانب حساب كثافة التصريف، من أجل تقدير معدل جريان المياه السطحية لشبكة الأودية، والتي تعد مطلباً ضرورياً من متطلبات التنمية بالمنطقة، ولذلك جاء البحث من أجل الاهتمام والاستفادة من صافي الجريان السطحي لما له من تأثير على جميع أشكال الحياة الموجودة بالمنطقة من نبات وحيوان وانسان. فتناولت الدراسة الخصائص الجيولوجية، والخصائص التضاريسية، والخصائص المناخية للمنطقة، وتأثير كل ذلك على الخصائص الشكلية والمساحية والتضاريسية لأحواض التصريف، والخصائص المورفومترية لمجاري الشبكة المائية الموجودة؛ ومن ثمّ تأثيرها على حجم التصريف المائي بكل حوض؛ حيث تبين من الدراسة وجود مجموعة كبيرة من الأودية المنحدرة من المرتفعات والتي تقطعها إلى أجزاء متفرقة، فيصل عدد الأحواض الرئيسية الموجودة بها نحو 11حوضاً تتراوح رتب مجاريها تبعاً لطريقة (استريلر) بين الرتبة الأولى والرتبة الخامسة، وتعتبر هذه الأودية من أهم خطوط الصرف التي تقطع سلاسل الجبال المرتفعة لتصب في البحر الأحمر، وقد تبين اختلاف هذه الأودية في خصائصها المورفومترية والهيدرولوجية؛ مما أثر على نظام شبكة التصريف والمنحني المائي، والتي قد تؤدي إلى جريان سيلي وتأثير ذلك على التنوع الحيوي الموجود في المنطقة.
تسـاهم تكنولوجيا المعلومات المكانية Geospatial Technologies في الآونة الأخيرة بدور فعال في وضع حل... more تسـاهم تكنولوجيا المعلومات المكانية Geospatial Technologies في الآونة الأخيرة بدور فعال في وضع حلول للعديد من المحددات والأخطار البيئية والجيومورفولوجية التي تواجه النمو العمراني والتنمية المستدامة، حيث تمتلك نظم المعلومات الجغرافية القدرة الهائلة على جمع، وتخزين، وعرض، وتحليل، ونمذجة البيانات المكانية الضخمة Geospatial-Big Data المتباينة المصدر، والمقياس، والفترة الزمنية. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى التحليل المكاني–الزمني Spatiotemporal للعلاقة الديناميكية بين النمو العمراني والتغيرات الجيومورفولوجية بمنطقة المنيا خلال الخمسون عامًا الماضية، بالاعتماد على المرئيات الفضائية المتعددة المصادر والملتقطة على فترات زمنية متتابعة Time series والتي يمكن من خلالها تتبع التغيرات الطارئة في المحلات العمرانية وتحديد اتجاهات نموها وأنماطها. وقد اعتمدت الدراسة بصفة رئيسة على تطبيق نظام معلومات جغرافي لدراسة التباينات وفهم العلاقات والاختلافات المكانية Spatial Variations في أنماط النمو العمراني واتجاه النمو ودراسة الخصائص الأرضية المتحكمة في النمو العمراني. وتركز الدراسة على تكامل تقنيات نظم المعلومات الجغرافية GIS والاستشعار من بعد في إنشاء قاعدة بيانات مكانية Geodatabase تشمل المتغيرات المكانية المؤثرة في النمو العمراني الأفقي بمنطقة الدراسة ومنها (التضاريس، أشكال سطح الأرض، الجيولوجيا، المدن والقرى، الطرق الرئيسة،) بهدف تحليل تأثير أشكال سطح الأرض Landforms والتضرس المحلي Local Relief المتمثلة في الحافات الصخرية، والمجاري المائية، والكثبان الرملية، والأودية الجافة، والمراوح الفيضية، والأخطار الطبيعية المؤثرة على اتجاهات ومعدلات النمو العمراني وأنماطها بمنطقة الدراسة.ويتضح من التحليل أن هناك تأثير كبير لأشكال السطح والخصائص التضاريسية بمنطقة الدراسة على التوزيع المكاني للمحلات العمرانية وأنماط واتجاهات نموها
The aim of this study is an assessment of coastline extraction and change analysis using differen... more The aim of this study is an assessment of coastline extraction and change analysis using different sensors form different satellites over-time. Three optical satellite remote sensing imageries from Landsat-8 OLI (30 m), Sentinel-2A MSI (10 m), and PlanetScope 3B (3 m) were used to detect changes of El-Alamein coastline along the Egyptian Mediterranean coast from August 2016 to August 2021. The Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) was applied to automate, detect and mapping water bodies based-on thresholding technique and coastline extraction. The extracted coastlines have been analyzed using Geographic Information Systems based Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS.v5) model, a GIS Software tool for estimation of shoreline change rates calculated through two statistical techniques such as: Net Shoreline Movement (NSM), and End Point Rate (EPR). The results indicate differences in shoreline change rates based on different spatial resolution imageries for the same time and space.
[Remote Sensing] Special Issue "Coastal Environment Monitoring Based on Remote Sensing and Artifi... more [Remote Sensing] Special Issue "Coastal Environment Monitoring Based on Remote Sensing and Artificial Intelligence"
Flash floods are considered one of the most devastating and frequent extreme climatological natu... more Flash floods are considered one of the most devastating and frequent extreme climatological natural hazards in the world. El Minya is one of the most vulnerable areas in Egypt for flash flood problems. It was affected by several hazardous historical flash flood events. These events could lead to both catastrophic losses of life and severe damage to the infrastructures of the study area. The study area is located in the middle of Egypt, about 240 km south of Cairo. It is situated along the Limestone Plateau facing El Minia governorate. The main objective of this study is to assess the risk of flash flood hazard on the human activities in the study area. Integration of remote sensing; geographic information systems, analytical hierarchy process, and the multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) techniques were applied in this study. Eight different significant effective factors collected from multisource geospatial data, including lithology, hydrology, topography, soil type, land cover, and rainfall data, were selected to evaluate the flood risk map. Remote sensing imagery was used for land use/cover mapping to detect the vulnerable human activities. ArcGIS-based weighted overlay modeling was used to combine the criteria to calculate the final decision map.
The objective of this study was to assess coastal dynamics of the Sinai Mediterranean coastline (... more The objective of this study was to assess coastal dynamics of the Sinai Mediterranean coastline (SMC) between 1990 and 2020. In this study, remote sensing imagery and geographic information systems-based spatial computing methods were used for coastline change analysis. The study found that the SMC experienced major morphological changes during the period of study. The results show a spatial heterogeneity of coastline change rate over the study period with some periods of rapid change and other periods of stability. The overall analysis during the period of study indicated that the coastline has retreated landward approximately 555 m; the average annual erosion rate was 2.5 m/year. The percentage of the eroded section in the coastline is 60% with the remaining 40% either advancing or remaining stable. Sections of the coastline accreted as much as 542 m. The GIS-based DSAS model application used in this study is unique because it measured spatial variations of coastline dynamics over...
Darwish, K.; Smith, S.E.; Torab, M.; Monsef, H., and Hussein, O., 0000. Geomorphological changes ... more Darwish, K.; Smith, S.E.; Torab, M.; Monsef, H., and Hussein, O., 0000. Geomorphological changes along the Nile Delta coastline between 1945 and 2015 detected using satellite remote sensing and GIS. Journal of Coastal Research, 00(0), 000–000. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. This study describes geomorphologic changes along the Nile Delta coastline between 1945 and 2015. The study used topographic maps produced by the Egyptian Geological Survey in 1945 and Landsat satellite imagery taken between 1973 and 2015. The study found that the coastline's geomorphology greatly changed during this time period, especially at Damietta and Rosetta promontories, which were highly eroded after construction of the Aswan High Dam. Other stretches of the coastline also eroded, while some accretion occurred along the coastline down-drift from the promontories. The trend has been erosion of the beaches along the Nile promontories and accretion within the embayments between the promontories, resulting in an overall smoothing of the coastline. A portion of the eroded material has accreted in the form of spits or shoals near the inlets. The principal causal factors of coastline change were the impacts of the Aswan High Dam, sea-level rise, land subsidence, storms, and coastal protection devices. Efforts to stop erosion have had mixed results. Seawalls built along the city of Alexandria have maintained the coastline, while other coastal protection devices have not impeded erosion. Areas of cultivated land are highly susceptible to saltwater intrusion due to sea-level rise and the fact that much of the delta is at or near sea level.
Objectives Perform an assessment of the environmental and health impacts of the Aswan High
Dam (... more Objectives Perform an assessment of the environmental and health impacts of the Aswan High
Dam (AHD) after nearly 50 years of operation. This paper describes the effect the AHD had on
(1) the prevalence and incidence of schistosomiasis in Egypt, (2) sedimentation in the reservoir
formed by the AHD (Lake Nasser in Egypt and Lake Nubia in North Sudan), (3) soil water
logging and subsequent soil salinization in the Nile Delta (4) coastal retreat along the Egyptian
Mediterranean Sea.
Results • Schistosomiasis has decreased in Egypt since the AHD.
• Agricultural fields in the Nile Valley and Delta tend to waterlogged and since the water is
not flushed out annually, the soils are saltier and so less fertile. However, the AHD affords
multi-cropping during the year and Egyptian farmers have adopted better seeds and harvesting
methods. Overall, agricultural production in Egypt has increased.
• Coastal erosion is severe in some areas, especially at the Rosetta and Damietta promontories.
Efforts to stop the overall coastline retreat have been largely unsuccessful. Other areas
of the Egyptian Mediterranean coastline are stable or have accreted.
• Reservoir-induced seismicity is not an issue.
• Deterioration of low-lying ancient Egyptian monuments due to seepage water from
irrigation is a problem.
رسالة دكتوراه غير منشورة بعنوان
استخدام تقنيات الاستشعار من البعد ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية في ن... more رسالة دكتوراه غير منشورة بعنوان
استخدام تقنيات الاستشعار من البعد ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية في نمذجة ، وتقييم ، وتحليل تغير مستوى سطح البحر ، و تراجع الشواطئ ، وأخطار التعرية الساحلية على ساحل دلتا النيل في مصر.
New Advancements in Geomorphological Research, 2024
Coastal areas are the most vulnerable geomorphological zones on the surface of the earth; they re... more Coastal areas are the most vulnerable geomorphological zones on the surface of the earth; they represent a transitional boundary between land and the sea. Over 50% of the world’s population live along and near ocean and sea coasts; there are hundreds of large cities and urban communities, resorts, archeological and heritage sites, roads and highways, and more activities located in coastal zones. Globally, several geohazards and disasters threaten coastal zones, including marine hazards such as coastal erosion, rising sea levels, tsunamis, storm surges, hurricanes, and shoreline retreats. In addition, there are several inland continental geohazards, such as land subsidence, flash floods, and anthropogenic impacts. The coastal zone in Egypt is considered one of the most vulnerable coasts in the world, suffering from severe coastal erosion hazards and extreme marine processes due to climatic change and global warming impacts; approximately 10 million people live along Egyptian Coasts, and they are prone to coastal hazards and inundation. ICZM is an integrated approach that aims to manage coastal zones for planning and sustainable development and to understand the dynamics of coastal environments. Recently, the advancement of satellite remote sensing technology has provided highly accurate geospatial data that can be collected from multiple sources (optical and SAR) and multiple sensors (multispectral and hyperspectral). Drone-based UAV systems, airborne LiDAR, and other advanced geospatial technologies have been integrated with geographic information systems (GIS) for data integration and manipulation, spatial analysis, mapping, change detection, spatial assessment, geospatial modeling, and spatial prediction that introduce valuable spatial solutions for decision-makers in the field of ICZM. The present chapter focuses on the importance of geospatial technologies for supporting ICZM along global coasts, including four aspects: coastal change detection of coastlines and land cover, assessment of coastal hazards and disaster management, coastal mapping and planning, and coastal resource management.
A professional analytical book in geoinformatics with a concentration on Satellite remote sensing... more A professional analytical book in geoinformatics with a concentration on Satellite remote sensing and GIS technology for coastal zone management along the Egyptian Nile Delta coast. This book is dedicated to analyzing the dynamic of the Nile Delta coastline since 1945 using Landsat Time series and spatial computational tools. Moreover, the problem of sea level rise and its potential hazards along the low elevation coastal zone was evaluated using the spatial modeling approach. In addition, coastal erosion vulnerability was calculated and mapped using a geospatial approach. I hope to introduce a small contribution to help researchers and students.
The Eastern Mediterranean region is affected by devastating annual flood events that cause massiv... more The Eastern Mediterranean region is affected by devastating annual flood events that cause massive socio-economic losses, especially in Syria. The displacement of thousands of refugees to the western region of Syria has led to tremendous pressures on the landscape, increasing the flood vulnerability. Moreover, the absence of administrative control over the landscape increased the economic losses caused by flood events. Producing flood vulnerability maps is considered one of the most important spatial strategies that will provide the essential basis for flood hazard management. The present study sought to detect flood vulnerability areas in the Al-Fawar river basin, western Syria, utilising the combination of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method and the Geographical Information System (GIS) environment. To accomplish this purpose, nine factors influencing flood vulnerability were appointed: rainfall, elevation, slope, Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), drainage density, distance from the river, soil resistance, Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) and lithology. Importantly, A total of 129 flood events were specified as a validation dataset for the accuracy inspection, which was conducted utilising the Area Under the Curve (AUC). The results demonstrate that more than 32% of the study basin is regarded high and very high flooding threat. These parts are found in the central and western parts of the study area along the river courses. The AUC value of 0.868 implies the flood vulnerability map's reliable and accurate predictive ability constructed utilising AHP. The current approach implemented denotes a productive tool for LULC planners and policymakers to develop managing plans for flood hazards in the environmental rehabilitation phase in Syria.
تتجه الدراسات العالمية الحالية في نظم المعلومات الجغرافية إلى التحليل الثلاثي الأبعاد 3D Analyst ... more تتجه الدراسات العالمية الحالية في نظم المعلومات الجغرافية إلى التحليل الثلاثي الأبعاد 3D Analyst للخصائص الأرضية، والتي تساعد في دراسة وفهم العلاقات المكانية لسطح الأرض والعوامل الطبيعية والبشرية المؤثرة فيه. وتعد النمذجة التضاريسية الرقمية ثلاثية الأبعاد Digital Terrain Modeling من أحدث طرق تحليل الخصائص التضاريسية لسطح الأرض بالاعتماد على نماذج الارتفاع الرقمية الملتقطة بواسطة الأقمار الاصطناعية، ولها العديد من التطبيقات الجيولوجية والجيومورفولوجية والهيدرولوجية والتنموية. وتهدف هذه الدراسة إلى البناء الرقمي للنماذج التضاريسية الثلاثية الابعاد TIN’s في بيئة نظم المعلومات الجغرافية لدراسة 1) تأثير الخصائص التضاريسية لمنطقة الدراسة على الأخطار الطبيعية المتمثلة في الانهيارات الصخرية والسيول وعلاقتها بالتنمية العمرانية. 2) دراسة الخصائص الجيومورفومترية والهيدرولوجية لأشكال سطح الأرض، وتطبيق نموذج ثلاثي الأبعاد لمحاكاة الفيضان السيلي، وتقدير أحجام الخزانات المقترحة، واقتراح مواقع السدود للحماية من تدفق مياه السيول. 3) دراسة تغيرات الغطاء الأرضي Land Cover في بعض أحواض التصريف بمنطقة الدراسة وعلاقتها بالخصائص التضاريسية والتنبؤ المكاني المستقبلي. 4) دراسة التغيرات الطبوغرافية الناتجة عن فعل الأنشطة البشرية والمتمثلة في أنشطة التحجير، والتعمير في بعض المناطق بمنطقة الدراسة. وتعتمد هذه الدراسة على تكامل بيانات مكانية متعددة ومتباينة المصدر والمتمثلة في مرئيات الأقمار الاصطناعية الملتقطة خلال الفترة من 2013 حتى 2024م، والخرائط الطبوغرافية والجيولوجية، ونماذج الارتفاع الرقمية المختلفة مثل SRTM, Sentinel-1 SAR DEM وخرائط التربة والغطاء الأرضي، والطرق، وذلك بهدف بناء قاعدة بيانات جغرافية يمكن من خلالها إنشاء نموذج تضاريسي رقمي ثلاثي الأبعاد DTM لظاهرات منطقة الدراسة.
Nearly half of the world’s population lives near the coasts of oceans and seas. The coastline pos... more Nearly half of the world’s population lives near the coasts of oceans and seas. The coastline position changes under the influence of multiple natural and anthropogenic factors. Recently, due to the global impacts of climate change and population growth, the issue of geomorphological changes in coastlines has become more critical. Therefore, the assessment and mapping of coastline dynamics is one of the most essential factors for sustainable development goals and urban planning. The objectives of this study are to focus on discussing the research progress of applications of satellite remote sensing datasets and GIS methods for coastline extraction, mapping, and analysis along global coasts. A systematic review and trend analysis of the most recent published studies that focused on remote sensing and GIS techniques for assessing coastal dynamics were published between 2012 and 2022 along different coasts worldwide. The results indicated that multisource and multisensor remote sensing datasets were globally utilized for monitoring coastline changes, including (1) medium-resolution imagery such as Sentinel and Landsat, (2) SAR and optical high-resolution imagery, (3) modern remote sensing technologies such as UAV and LiDAR, and (4) GIS-based methods, spatial analysis, and artificial intelligence. This study concludes that coastal change can be tracked using any form of remote sensing, including drones, LiDAR, higher resolution imaging, and Landsat imagery. This review provides a comprehensive reference for upcoming work on coastal management and exploitation development and research, especially for the low elevation coastal zones that are affected by coastal hazards.
يقدم هذا البحث دراسة مورفومترية لأحواض شبكة المجاري المائية الواقعة بمحمية علبه، اعتماداً على تحل... more يقدم هذا البحث دراسة مورفومترية لأحواض شبكة المجاري المائية الواقعة بمحمية علبه، اعتماداً على تحليل بيانات الأقمار الصناعية باستخدام تقنيات الاستشعار من بعد Remote Sensing، ونظم المعلومات الجغرافيةGIS ، كأحد المصادر الرئيسية للحصول على البيانات المكانية في دراسة الموارد الطبيعية، نظراً لما توفره المرئيات الفضائية من بيانات تفصيلية غزيرة لمساحات واسعة، علاوة على كونها وسيلة مساعدة في تحديد حدود الأحواض المائية وشبكة مجاري الأودية وحساب المتغيرات المورفولوجية والمورفومترية لشبكة التصريف من رتب الأودية، وأعداد المجاري وأطوالها، إلى جانب حساب كثافة التصريف، من أجل تقدير معدل جريان المياه السطحية لشبكة الأودية، والتي تعد مطلباً ضرورياً من متطلبات التنمية بالمنطقة، ولذلك جاء البحث من أجل الاهتمام والاستفادة من صافي الجريان السطحي لما له من تأثير على جميع أشكال الحياة الموجودة بالمنطقة من نبات وحيوان وانسان. فتناولت الدراسة الخصائص الجيولوجية، والخصائص التضاريسية، والخصائص المناخية للمنطقة، وتأثير كل ذلك على الخصائص الشكلية والمساحية والتضاريسية لأحواض التصريف، والخصائص المورفومترية لمجاري الشبكة المائية الموجودة؛ ومن ثمّ تأثيرها على حجم التصريف المائي بكل حوض؛ حيث تبين من الدراسة وجود مجموعة كبيرة من الأودية المنحدرة من المرتفعات والتي تقطعها إلى أجزاء متفرقة، فيصل عدد الأحواض الرئيسية الموجودة بها نحو 11حوضاً تتراوح رتب مجاريها تبعاً لطريقة (استريلر) بين الرتبة الأولى والرتبة الخامسة، وتعتبر هذه الأودية من أهم خطوط الصرف التي تقطع سلاسل الجبال المرتفعة لتصب في البحر الأحمر، وقد تبين اختلاف هذه الأودية في خصائصها المورفومترية والهيدرولوجية؛ مما أثر على نظام شبكة التصريف والمنحني المائي، والتي قد تؤدي إلى جريان سيلي وتأثير ذلك على التنوع الحيوي الموجود في المنطقة.
تسـاهم تكنولوجيا المعلومات المكانية Geospatial Technologies في الآونة الأخيرة بدور فعال في وضع حل... more تسـاهم تكنولوجيا المعلومات المكانية Geospatial Technologies في الآونة الأخيرة بدور فعال في وضع حلول للعديد من المحددات والأخطار البيئية والجيومورفولوجية التي تواجه النمو العمراني والتنمية المستدامة، حيث تمتلك نظم المعلومات الجغرافية القدرة الهائلة على جمع، وتخزين، وعرض، وتحليل، ونمذجة البيانات المكانية الضخمة Geospatial-Big Data المتباينة المصدر، والمقياس، والفترة الزمنية. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى التحليل المكاني–الزمني Spatiotemporal للعلاقة الديناميكية بين النمو العمراني والتغيرات الجيومورفولوجية بمنطقة المنيا خلال الخمسون عامًا الماضية، بالاعتماد على المرئيات الفضائية المتعددة المصادر والملتقطة على فترات زمنية متتابعة Time series والتي يمكن من خلالها تتبع التغيرات الطارئة في المحلات العمرانية وتحديد اتجاهات نموها وأنماطها. وقد اعتمدت الدراسة بصفة رئيسة على تطبيق نظام معلومات جغرافي لدراسة التباينات وفهم العلاقات والاختلافات المكانية Spatial Variations في أنماط النمو العمراني واتجاه النمو ودراسة الخصائص الأرضية المتحكمة في النمو العمراني. وتركز الدراسة على تكامل تقنيات نظم المعلومات الجغرافية GIS والاستشعار من بعد في إنشاء قاعدة بيانات مكانية Geodatabase تشمل المتغيرات المكانية المؤثرة في النمو العمراني الأفقي بمنطقة الدراسة ومنها (التضاريس، أشكال سطح الأرض، الجيولوجيا، المدن والقرى، الطرق الرئيسة،) بهدف تحليل تأثير أشكال سطح الأرض Landforms والتضرس المحلي Local Relief المتمثلة في الحافات الصخرية، والمجاري المائية، والكثبان الرملية، والأودية الجافة، والمراوح الفيضية، والأخطار الطبيعية المؤثرة على اتجاهات ومعدلات النمو العمراني وأنماطها بمنطقة الدراسة.ويتضح من التحليل أن هناك تأثير كبير لأشكال السطح والخصائص التضاريسية بمنطقة الدراسة على التوزيع المكاني للمحلات العمرانية وأنماط واتجاهات نموها
The aim of this study is an assessment of coastline extraction and change analysis using differen... more The aim of this study is an assessment of coastline extraction and change analysis using different sensors form different satellites over-time. Three optical satellite remote sensing imageries from Landsat-8 OLI (30 m), Sentinel-2A MSI (10 m), and PlanetScope 3B (3 m) were used to detect changes of El-Alamein coastline along the Egyptian Mediterranean coast from August 2016 to August 2021. The Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) was applied to automate, detect and mapping water bodies based-on thresholding technique and coastline extraction. The extracted coastlines have been analyzed using Geographic Information Systems based Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS.v5) model, a GIS Software tool for estimation of shoreline change rates calculated through two statistical techniques such as: Net Shoreline Movement (NSM), and End Point Rate (EPR). The results indicate differences in shoreline change rates based on different spatial resolution imageries for the same time and space.
[Remote Sensing] Special Issue "Coastal Environment Monitoring Based on Remote Sensing and Artifi... more [Remote Sensing] Special Issue "Coastal Environment Monitoring Based on Remote Sensing and Artificial Intelligence"
Flash floods are considered one of the most devastating and frequent extreme climatological natu... more Flash floods are considered one of the most devastating and frequent extreme climatological natural hazards in the world. El Minya is one of the most vulnerable areas in Egypt for flash flood problems. It was affected by several hazardous historical flash flood events. These events could lead to both catastrophic losses of life and severe damage to the infrastructures of the study area. The study area is located in the middle of Egypt, about 240 km south of Cairo. It is situated along the Limestone Plateau facing El Minia governorate. The main objective of this study is to assess the risk of flash flood hazard on the human activities in the study area. Integration of remote sensing; geographic information systems, analytical hierarchy process, and the multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) techniques were applied in this study. Eight different significant effective factors collected from multisource geospatial data, including lithology, hydrology, topography, soil type, land cover, and rainfall data, were selected to evaluate the flood risk map. Remote sensing imagery was used for land use/cover mapping to detect the vulnerable human activities. ArcGIS-based weighted overlay modeling was used to combine the criteria to calculate the final decision map.
The objective of this study was to assess coastal dynamics of the Sinai Mediterranean coastline (... more The objective of this study was to assess coastal dynamics of the Sinai Mediterranean coastline (SMC) between 1990 and 2020. In this study, remote sensing imagery and geographic information systems-based spatial computing methods were used for coastline change analysis. The study found that the SMC experienced major morphological changes during the period of study. The results show a spatial heterogeneity of coastline change rate over the study period with some periods of rapid change and other periods of stability. The overall analysis during the period of study indicated that the coastline has retreated landward approximately 555 m; the average annual erosion rate was 2.5 m/year. The percentage of the eroded section in the coastline is 60% with the remaining 40% either advancing or remaining stable. Sections of the coastline accreted as much as 542 m. The GIS-based DSAS model application used in this study is unique because it measured spatial variations of coastline dynamics over...
Darwish, K.; Smith, S.E.; Torab, M.; Monsef, H., and Hussein, O., 0000. Geomorphological changes ... more Darwish, K.; Smith, S.E.; Torab, M.; Monsef, H., and Hussein, O., 0000. Geomorphological changes along the Nile Delta coastline between 1945 and 2015 detected using satellite remote sensing and GIS. Journal of Coastal Research, 00(0), 000–000. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. This study describes geomorphologic changes along the Nile Delta coastline between 1945 and 2015. The study used topographic maps produced by the Egyptian Geological Survey in 1945 and Landsat satellite imagery taken between 1973 and 2015. The study found that the coastline's geomorphology greatly changed during this time period, especially at Damietta and Rosetta promontories, which were highly eroded after construction of the Aswan High Dam. Other stretches of the coastline also eroded, while some accretion occurred along the coastline down-drift from the promontories. The trend has been erosion of the beaches along the Nile promontories and accretion within the embayments between the promontories, resulting in an overall smoothing of the coastline. A portion of the eroded material has accreted in the form of spits or shoals near the inlets. The principal causal factors of coastline change were the impacts of the Aswan High Dam, sea-level rise, land subsidence, storms, and coastal protection devices. Efforts to stop erosion have had mixed results. Seawalls built along the city of Alexandria have maintained the coastline, while other coastal protection devices have not impeded erosion. Areas of cultivated land are highly susceptible to saltwater intrusion due to sea-level rise and the fact that much of the delta is at or near sea level.
Objectives Perform an assessment of the environmental and health impacts of the Aswan High
Dam (... more Objectives Perform an assessment of the environmental and health impacts of the Aswan High
Dam (AHD) after nearly 50 years of operation. This paper describes the effect the AHD had on
(1) the prevalence and incidence of schistosomiasis in Egypt, (2) sedimentation in the reservoir
formed by the AHD (Lake Nasser in Egypt and Lake Nubia in North Sudan), (3) soil water
logging and subsequent soil salinization in the Nile Delta (4) coastal retreat along the Egyptian
Mediterranean Sea.
Results • Schistosomiasis has decreased in Egypt since the AHD.
• Agricultural fields in the Nile Valley and Delta tend to waterlogged and since the water is
not flushed out annually, the soils are saltier and so less fertile. However, the AHD affords
multi-cropping during the year and Egyptian farmers have adopted better seeds and harvesting
methods. Overall, agricultural production in Egypt has increased.
• Coastal erosion is severe in some areas, especially at the Rosetta and Damietta promontories.
Efforts to stop the overall coastline retreat have been largely unsuccessful. Other areas
of the Egyptian Mediterranean coastline are stable or have accreted.
• Reservoir-induced seismicity is not an issue.
• Deterioration of low-lying ancient Egyptian monuments due to seepage water from
irrigation is a problem.
رسالة دكتوراه غير منشورة بعنوان
استخدام تقنيات الاستشعار من البعد ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية في ن... more رسالة دكتوراه غير منشورة بعنوان
استخدام تقنيات الاستشعار من البعد ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية في نمذجة ، وتقييم ، وتحليل تغير مستوى سطح البحر ، و تراجع الشواطئ ، وأخطار التعرية الساحلية على ساحل دلتا النيل في مصر.
New Advancements in Geomorphological Research, 2024
Coastal areas are the most vulnerable geomorphological zones on the surface of the earth; they re... more Coastal areas are the most vulnerable geomorphological zones on the surface of the earth; they represent a transitional boundary between land and the sea. Over 50% of the world’s population live along and near ocean and sea coasts; there are hundreds of large cities and urban communities, resorts, archeological and heritage sites, roads and highways, and more activities located in coastal zones. Globally, several geohazards and disasters threaten coastal zones, including marine hazards such as coastal erosion, rising sea levels, tsunamis, storm surges, hurricanes, and shoreline retreats. In addition, there are several inland continental geohazards, such as land subsidence, flash floods, and anthropogenic impacts. The coastal zone in Egypt is considered one of the most vulnerable coasts in the world, suffering from severe coastal erosion hazards and extreme marine processes due to climatic change and global warming impacts; approximately 10 million people live along Egyptian Coasts, and they are prone to coastal hazards and inundation. ICZM is an integrated approach that aims to manage coastal zones for planning and sustainable development and to understand the dynamics of coastal environments. Recently, the advancement of satellite remote sensing technology has provided highly accurate geospatial data that can be collected from multiple sources (optical and SAR) and multiple sensors (multispectral and hyperspectral). Drone-based UAV systems, airborne LiDAR, and other advanced geospatial technologies have been integrated with geographic information systems (GIS) for data integration and manipulation, spatial analysis, mapping, change detection, spatial assessment, geospatial modeling, and spatial prediction that introduce valuable spatial solutions for decision-makers in the field of ICZM. The present chapter focuses on the importance of geospatial technologies for supporting ICZM along global coasts, including four aspects: coastal change detection of coastlines and land cover, assessment of coastal hazards and disaster management, coastal mapping and planning, and coastal resource management.
A professional analytical book in geoinformatics with a concentration on Satellite remote sensing... more A professional analytical book in geoinformatics with a concentration on Satellite remote sensing and GIS technology for coastal zone management along the Egyptian Nile Delta coast. This book is dedicated to analyzing the dynamic of the Nile Delta coastline since 1945 using Landsat Time series and spatial computational tools. Moreover, the problem of sea level rise and its potential hazards along the low elevation coastal zone was evaluated using the spatial modeling approach. In addition, coastal erosion vulnerability was calculated and mapped using a geospatial approach. I hope to introduce a small contribution to help researchers and students.
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Dam (AHD) after nearly 50 years of operation. This paper describes the effect the AHD had on
(1) the prevalence and incidence of schistosomiasis in Egypt, (2) sedimentation in the reservoir
formed by the AHD (Lake Nasser in Egypt and Lake Nubia in North Sudan), (3) soil water
logging and subsequent soil salinization in the Nile Delta (4) coastal retreat along the Egyptian
Mediterranean Sea.
Results • Schistosomiasis has decreased in Egypt since the AHD.
• Agricultural fields in the Nile Valley and Delta tend to waterlogged and since the water is
not flushed out annually, the soils are saltier and so less fertile. However, the AHD affords
multi-cropping during the year and Egyptian farmers have adopted better seeds and harvesting
methods. Overall, agricultural production in Egypt has increased.
• Coastal erosion is severe in some areas, especially at the Rosetta and Damietta promontories.
Efforts to stop the overall coastline retreat have been largely unsuccessful. Other areas
of the Egyptian Mediterranean coastline are stable or have accreted.
• Reservoir-induced seismicity is not an issue.
• Deterioration of low-lying ancient Egyptian monuments due to seepage water from
irrigation is a problem.
Abstracts
Thesis Chapters
استخدام تقنيات الاستشعار من البعد ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية في نمذجة ، وتقييم ، وتحليل تغير مستوى سطح البحر ، و تراجع الشواطئ ، وأخطار التعرية الساحلية على ساحل دلتا النيل في مصر.
Books
This book is dedicated to analyzing the dynamic of the Nile Delta coastline since 1945 using Landsat Time series and spatial computational tools. Moreover, the problem of sea level rise and its potential hazards along the low elevation coastal zone was evaluated using the spatial modeling approach. In addition, coastal erosion vulnerability was calculated and mapped using a geospatial approach.
I hope to introduce a small contribution to help researchers and students.
Dam (AHD) after nearly 50 years of operation. This paper describes the effect the AHD had on
(1) the prevalence and incidence of schistosomiasis in Egypt, (2) sedimentation in the reservoir
formed by the AHD (Lake Nasser in Egypt and Lake Nubia in North Sudan), (3) soil water
logging and subsequent soil salinization in the Nile Delta (4) coastal retreat along the Egyptian
Mediterranean Sea.
Results • Schistosomiasis has decreased in Egypt since the AHD.
• Agricultural fields in the Nile Valley and Delta tend to waterlogged and since the water is
not flushed out annually, the soils are saltier and so less fertile. However, the AHD affords
multi-cropping during the year and Egyptian farmers have adopted better seeds and harvesting
methods. Overall, agricultural production in Egypt has increased.
• Coastal erosion is severe in some areas, especially at the Rosetta and Damietta promontories.
Efforts to stop the overall coastline retreat have been largely unsuccessful. Other areas
of the Egyptian Mediterranean coastline are stable or have accreted.
• Reservoir-induced seismicity is not an issue.
• Deterioration of low-lying ancient Egyptian monuments due to seepage water from
irrigation is a problem.
استخدام تقنيات الاستشعار من البعد ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية في نمذجة ، وتقييم ، وتحليل تغير مستوى سطح البحر ، و تراجع الشواطئ ، وأخطار التعرية الساحلية على ساحل دلتا النيل في مصر.
This book is dedicated to analyzing the dynamic of the Nile Delta coastline since 1945 using Landsat Time series and spatial computational tools. Moreover, the problem of sea level rise and its potential hazards along the low elevation coastal zone was evaluated using the spatial modeling approach. In addition, coastal erosion vulnerability was calculated and mapped using a geospatial approach.
I hope to introduce a small contribution to help researchers and students.