Nedret Erboy

"İşletmeler oluşan katı rekabet koşullarına ayak uydurmak için işletme içinde değişim süreçlerine gereksinim duymaktadırlar. Karlılıklarını arttırmak için fiyatlarda değişiklik yapmak yerine maliyetlerini düşürme ve kalite çabası üzerinde durmaktadırlar. Siparişe dayalı üretim yapan işletmelerde her müşterinin istediği ürünler farklı olmakta, bu da üretilecek ürünlerin sayısının ve
çeşidinin fazla olmasına neden olmaktadır. Ürün çeşitliliği artarken bu kadar çeşitteki ürünün müşterinin istediği tarihte üretiminin tamamlanması da zorlaşmaktadır. Tüm bu zorlukları hafifletmek ve müşteri odaklı olarak üretim yapabilmek için grup teknolojisi ve hücresel üretim gibi üretim felsefelerine yönelim olmaktadır. Ürün gruplarının oluşturulması genellikle karmaşık bir karar verme problemidir ve farklı matematiksel ve sezgisel yaklaşımlarla çözülebilir. Bu çalışmada, grup teknolojisi ve hücresel üretimin avantajlarından yararlanmak için ürün gruplarının oluşturulmasında operasyon sürelerindeki sapmaları temel alan sezgisel bir fonksiyon tanımlanmış, en iyi çözümü elde etmek üzere genetik algoritma kullanılmıştır. Son aşamada, elde edilen ürün gruplarının imalat süreçleri için oluşturulabilecek makine hücreleri önerilmiş ve elde edilen sonuçlar karşılaştırmalı olarak sunulmuştur.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Grup Teknolojisi, Ürün Aileleri, Hücresel İmalat, Genetik Algoritma, Tam Zamanında Üretim.
JEL Sınıflaması: C61, M11

Genetic Algorithm-Based Approach for Constructing Product
Groups in Make-to-Order Production Environments

ABSTRACT
In today’s production environments in which there exist a cutthroat competition and continuous changes in demands needs of customers, enterprises have started to search for solutions
to make their manufacturing systems flexible and profitable to keep up with these conditions. In make-to-order systems, the ambiguity in demands, range of products, different processing time of the pieces and the number of processes they go through cause a complex flow of manufacture. Especially for make-to-order production environments, product classifications and groupings are carried out to cope with planning difficulties and to maintain the flexibility. Product and machine classifications are handled within the context of group technology and cellular manufacturing. In this study, a novel product grouping approach is presented for organizing machines and providing the flexibility for the manufacturing processes based on genetic algorithm considering total processing times. The proposed approach supports the improvement in productivity and the deficiency in lateness.
Key Words: Group Technology, Product Families, Cellular Manufacturing, Genetic Algorithm, Just-in-time Manufacturing.
JEL Classification: C61, M1""

The importance of urban marketing has been increasing today, when a rivalry between products and enterprises has arisen based on cities in terms of development of countries by the help of globalization and brand strategies applied for products are being adapted to cities, which aims to highlight cities. Cities are significant actors in efforts of economic, social and cultural development of countries. Branding, which means being different in the eyes of target mass, more chance of being recognized, and establishing values, is preferred. For a city, what being a brand means to attract local and foreign tourists, encourage investments, to increase the life standards of local public, and so to add value. Branding process is to create an identity for the city and position. In this study which includes three different disciplines, which are public management, economics and business administration, closely related to the issue, during the process of identity creation, Muğla's potential of being a brand city was evaluated and interviews were made in depth with the shareholders having a role in its being a brand city and results obtained have been suggested.

The importance of urban marketing has been increasing today, when a rivalry between products and enterprises has arisen based on cities in terms of development of countries by the help of globalization and brand strategies applied for products are being adapted to cities, which aims to highlight cities. Cities are significant actors in efforts of economic, social and cultural development of countries. Branding, which means being different in the eyes of target mass, more chance of being recognized, and establishing values, is preferred. For a city, what being a brand means to attract local and foreign tourists, encourage investments, to increase the life standards of local public, and so to add value. Branding process is to create an identity for the city and position. In this study which includes three different disciplines, which are public management, economics and business administration, closely related to the issue, during the process of identity creation, Muğla's potential of being a brand city was evaluated and interviews were made in depth with the shareholders having a role in its being a brand city and results obtained have been suggested.