Kereta estet

Volvo V60 Estate 2018

Ford Mondeo Estate 2016

Sebuah kereta estet (UK, juga dipanggil estet) atau station wagon (US, juga dipanggil wagon) merupakan sebuah gaya badan automotif yang merupakan variasi kepada sedan/saloon dengan bumbung yang dipanjangkan ke belakang. Bahagian belakang diakses melalui pintu ketiga atau kelima (tailgate atau liftgate) dan bukan bonet/but seperti kereta sedan.^[1] Gaya badan ini menambahkan satu lagi tiang, iaitu tiang-D di samping tiang-A, B dan C. Kereta estet juga boleh melipatkan tempat duduk belakangnya bagi menambahkan ruang kargo.

Permintaan terhadap kereta estet telah semakin mengurang bermula tahun 2010-an.^[2]^[3]^[4] Kereta estet juga kurang popular di Malaysia.^[5]

Asal nama

Disebabkan penggunaan asalnya sebagai pengangkutan antara tanah estet dan stesen kereta api,^[6] gaya badan ini dipanggil "kereta estet" atau "estet" di United Kingdom atau "wagon" di Australia dan New Zealand.

Kini, pengeluar kereta telah menggunakan pelbagai istilah untuk gaya badan ini bagi tujuan pengiklanan dan pemasaran. Antaranya, "Avant", "Caravan", "Kombi", "Sports Tourer", "Sports Wagon", "Tourer", "Touring", and "Variant".

Ciri reka bentuk

Konfiguarsi tiga kotak bagi sedan (atas), dua kotak bagi wagon (tengah) dan dua kotak bagi hatchback (bawah).

Bandingan dengan hatchback

Kereta estet dan hatchback mempunyai konfigurasi dua kotak, bahagian dalam yang menggabungkan ruang kargo dan tempat penduduk^[1]^[7] dan pintu belakang (biasanya dipanggil tailgate) berengsel di bumbung.^[8]^[9] Tempat duduk belakang yang boleh lipat juga biasa pada kereta wagon dan hatchback.^[10]

Lihat juga

Rujukan

^ ^a ^b Hillier, Victor; Coombes, Peter (2004). Hillier's Fundamentals of Motor Vehicle Technology: Volume 1 (dalam bahasa Inggeris) (ed. 5th). Nelson Thornes. m/s. 11. ISBN 9780748780822. Dicapai pada 31 July 2022 – melalui Google Books. The estate body, also known as station wagons in some countries, has the roofline extended to the rear of the body to enlarge its internal capacity. Folding the rear seats down gives a large floor area for the carriage of luggage or goods. Stronger suspension springs are fitted at the rear to support the extra load. Hatchback: The hatchback is generally based on a saloon body but with the boot or trunk area blended into the centre section of the body. The hatchback is therefore halfway between a saloon and an estate car. This type of body is very popular due to its versatility and style. Although some hatchbacks are in fact saloon bodies with the boot or trunk effectively removed (usually the smaller cars), many hatchbacks retain the full length of the saloon but the roofline extends down to the rear of the vehicle. As with the saloon bodies, a hatchback can have two or four passenger doors, however, there is a tendency to refer to hatchbacks as three or five doors because the rear compartment lid (or tailgate) is also referred to as a door on the hatchback bodies. As with the estate, the rear seats fold down to give a flat floor for the transportation of luggage or other objects. When the tailgate is closed, the luggage compartment is usually covered with a parcel shelf.
^ Walton, Evan (30 August 2022). "Best Station Wagons for 2022 and 2023". autolist.com (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Dicapai pada 19 Januari 2023.
^ "Here is Every Station Wagon You Can Buy in 2022" (dalam bahasa Inggeris).
^ Stafford, Eric (29 November 2022). "Best New Station Wagons of 2022". caranddriver.com (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Dicapai pada 19 Januari 2023.
^ "Why aren't station wagons popular in Malaysia?". carsome.my (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Dicapai pada 23 Januari 2023.
^ Peck, Colin (2008). British Woodies: From the 1920s to the 1950s. Veloce Publishing. m/s. 5. ISBN 9781845841690. Dicapai pada 31 Julai 2022 – melalui Google Books.
^ Erjavec, Jack (2004). Automotive Technology: a Systems Approach Chapter 4. Cengage Learning. m/s. 55, Body Styles. ISBN 9781401848316. Liftback or Hatchback: The distinguishing feature of this vehicle is its luggage compartment, which is an extension of the passenger compartment. Access to the luggage compartment is gained through an upward-opening hatch-type door. A car of this design can be a three- or five-door model; the third or fifth door is the rear hatch. Station Wagon: A station wagon is characterized by its roof which extends straight back, allowing a spacious interior luggage compartment in the rear. The rear door, which can be opened numerous ways depending on the model, provides access to the luggage compartment. Station wagons come in two and four-door models and have space for up to nine passengers.
^ "Car Design Glossary - Part 2: One-Box (Monospace or Monovolume)". cardesignnews.com. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 1 December 2010. Dicapai pada 31 July 2022. A three or five-door hatchback (no separate trunk compartment) is a 'two-box' car.
^ Mueller, Mike (2003). American Cars of the '50s. Crestline. ISBN 9780760317129.
^ "Definition: Station Wagon". American Heritage Dictionary. Dicapai pada 31 July 2022.

[Hilliers-1] Hillier, Victor; Coombes, Peter (2004). Hillier's Fundamentals of Motor Vehicle Technology: Volume 1 (dalam bahasa Inggeris) (ed. 5th). Nelson Thornes. m/s. 11. ISBN 9780748780822. Dicapai pada 31 July 2022 – melalui Google Books. The estate body, also known as station wagons in some countries, has the roofline extended to the rear of the body to enlarge its internal capacity. Folding the rear seats down gives a large floor area for the carriage of luggage or goods. Stronger suspension springs are fitted at the rear to support the extra load. Hatchback: The hatchback is generally based on a saloon body but with the boot or trunk area blended into the centre section of the body. The hatchback is therefore halfway between a saloon and an estate car. This type of body is very popular due to its versatility and style. Although some hatchbacks are in fact saloon bodies with the boot or trunk effectively removed (usually the smaller cars), many hatchbacks retain the full length of the saloon but the roofline extends down to the rear of the vehicle. As with the saloon bodies, a hatchback can have two or four passenger doors, however, there is a tendency to refer to hatchbacks as three or five doors because the rear compartment lid (or tailgate) is also referred to as a door on the hatchback bodies. As with the estate, the rear seats fold down to give a flat floor for the transportation of luggage or other objects. When the tailgate is closed, the luggage compartment is usually covered with a parcel shelf.

[2] Walton, Evan (30 August 2022). "Best Station Wagons for 2022 and 2023". autolist.com (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Dicapai pada 19 Januari 2023.

[3] "Here is Every Station Wagon You Can Buy in 2022" (dalam bahasa Inggeris).

[4] Stafford, Eric (29 November 2022). "Best New Station Wagons of 2022". caranddriver.com (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Dicapai pada 19 Januari 2023.

[5] "Why aren't station wagons popular in Malaysia?". carsome.my (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Dicapai pada 23 Januari 2023.

[colin-6] Peck, Colin (2008). British Woodies: From the 1920s to the 1950s. Veloce Publishing. m/s. 5. ISBN 9781845841690. Dicapai pada 31 Julai 2022 – melalui Google Books.

[AutomotiveTech-7] Erjavec, Jack (2004). Automotive Technology: a Systems Approach Chapter 4. Cengage Learning. m/s. 55, Body Styles. ISBN 9781401848316. Liftback or Hatchback: The distinguishing feature of this vehicle is its luggage compartment, which is an extension of the passenger compartment. Access to the luggage compartment is gained through an upward-opening hatch-type door. A car of this design can be a three- or five-door model; the third or fifth door is the rear hatch. Station Wagon: A station wagon is characterized by its roof which extends straight back, allowing a spacious interior luggage compartment in the rear. The rear door, which can be opened numerous ways depending on the model, provides access to the luggage compartment. Station wagons come in two and four-door models and have space for up to nine passengers.

[8] "Car Design Glossary - Part 2: One-Box (Monospace or Monovolume)". cardesignnews.com. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 1 December 2010. Dicapai pada 31 July 2022. A three or five-door hatchback (no separate trunk compartment) is a 'two-box' car.

[9] Mueller, Mike (2003). American Cars of the '50s. Crestline. ISBN 9780760317129.

[ahd-10] "Definition: Station Wagon". American Heritage Dictionary. Dicapai pada 31 July 2022.

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