ivan kahwa

Thiazolidinediones are antidiabetic medications that are useful for managing diabetes. However, their use is associated with adverse side effects like edema, heart failure, and bone fractures. In this study, we investigated the anti-ferroptosis effects of suberosin (SBR; a prenylated coumarin) in diabetic Sprague Dawley rats. Further, we assessed the effects of co-administration of SBR (30 and 90 mg/kg/day) with thiazolidinedione TZ (15 mg/kg) to mitigate TZ-induced cardiomyopathy in diabetic rats. Our results showed that cardiac output, stroke volume, left ventricle systolic, and diastolic pressure were aggravated in diabetic rats only treated with TZ after 4 weeks. TZ treatments were induced ferroptosis as well as marked histoarchitecture disarrangements in rat cardiomyocytes. The study was found that optimizing volume overload alleviated cardiac hypertrophy and mitigated left ventricular dysfunction in diabetic rats co-treated with SBR. SBR co-administration with TZ reduced MDA l...

Background: Species in the genus Vernonia (Asteraceae) are traditionally used in the treatment of different ailments, for example, leaves in both fresh and dry forms have been used in dressing wounds. Anecdotal reports show that the ash of Vernonia amygdalina (V. amygdalina) has been used in the treatment of wounds, but there are no precise reports to support this claim; therefore, the contemporary study focused on comparing the wound healing activity of its leaf extracts and leaf ash. Methods: The study investigating the wound healing activity of V. amygdalina leaf was carried out in Wistar Albino rats in an excision wound model using its aqueous extract (AE) and leaf ash (LA) at concentrations of 1%, 2% and 3% (w/v). Mupirocin ointment and distilled water were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. The wound diameter was measured every 3 days from day 1 to day 22 and the results were used to calculate the percentage of wound reduction in all groups. Results: Signifi...

Several drugs and techniques aided by scientist for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders have been developed but none have shown a promising pharmacological activity after clinical trials within the last 3 decades for AD. The most active documented drug for its treatment is memantine which was launched 25 years ago, after this, about 4000 compounds tested gave low activity in treatment [2].

Background Aloe vera and Aloe ferox have over the years been among the most sought-after Aloe species in the treatment of ailments worldwide. This review provides categorized literature on the phytochemical and scientifically proven toxicological profiles of A. vera and A. ferox to facilitate their exploitation in therapy. Main body of the abstract Original full-text research articles were searched in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Research gate, Google Scholar, and Wiley Online Library using specific phrases. Phenolic acids, flavonoids, tannins, and anthraquinones were the main phytochemical classes present in all the two Aloe species. Most of the phytochemical investigations and toxicity studies have been done on the leaves. Aloe vera and Aloe ferox contain unique phytoconstituents including anthraquinones, flavonoids, tannins, sterols, alkaloids, and volatile oils. Aloe vera hydroalcoholic leaf extract showed a toxic effect on Kabir chicks at the highest doses. The methanolic, aqueous, a...

Background: Epilepsy has affected over sixty million people around the globe. Traditionally, communities have opted for complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) to help in the treatment of epilepsy which has worked for them and with minimal side effects. Methodology: A literature search was conducted from PubMed, Science Direct, Elsevier, Google Scholar, and many other sites that had studied on traditional approaches and medicinal plants which have been used commonly in west and east African communities and whose anticonvulsant or antiepileptic activities have been experimentally studied. Results: A total number of five traditional approaches for healing and nineteen medicinal plants were identified as the most commonly used by communities in west and east Africa, based on the literature which was available in ethnobotanical surveys and had experimental studies on anticonvulsant or antiepileptic conducted. Conclusion: In this study, twenty-four traditional approaches and medici...

Guava (Psidium guajava) and Eucalyptus camaldulensis are phytotherapeutic plants used in folk medicine, either as a single plant or mixed to treat and manage various diseases like diarrhea and coughs. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial potential of guava and Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaf extracts against gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) which are some of the foodborne and spoilage bacteria, occasionally responsible for causing diarrhea. The study was carried out at the Plant Pathology Center, the University of Gezira during the period. The efficacy of these extracts was tested against this bacteria through the disc diffusion and well diffusion methods. Aqueous extract of plant material (DW) powder (50g/500ml) was used to prepare different concentrations (25, 50 and 100% the extract). Both water and antibiotic (Ampiclox) were used as control. According to the results of the antibacterial assay, the aqueous extract of the guava leaves showed inhibitory activity a...