Bulletin of the Faculty of Engineering. Mansoura University, 2020
In recent years, the rapid advances of computer applications used in urban design and planning ha... more In recent years, the rapid advances of computer applications used in urban design and planning have largely changed the essence and soul of urban designs and drawings. Therefore, many challenges exist to delay the efficiency and accuracy of assessing urban design and development plans. Furthermore, the process of assessment of urban design and planning becomes full of overlapping and intertwined stories that have made continuous changes, complexities, and uncertainties for its results and decisions. Urban development has been considered to be complex because it consists of different physical, social and technical elements and confronts continuous evaluation and decision making processes. All of urban
Youth housing prototypes are widely spread all over Egypt as a cheap economic housing for youth w... more Youth housing prototypes are widely spread all over Egypt as a cheap economic housing for youth which are designed in a number of different shapes. A post occupancy evaluation (POE) has been conducted to one of these prototypes to assess some modifications spontaneously done by users to the original design for the sake of enhancing building performance, e.g., creating new openings to improve lighting and natural ventilation thermal comfort, and making sunshades to control direct sunlight and thermal radiation. These assessments have been validated using simulation techniques i.e. CFD, thermal and daylight simulations, to compare natural ventilation, thermal comfort, and daylight energy efficiency in the original designs to that in the user modified. A wind tunnel test has been conducted to validate the standard k–epsilon turbulence CFD simulation in addition to daylighting in-situ measurements to validate natural lighting. The outcome of this research could be widely used as an important feedback tool in the future designs of the same prototype to evaluate user behaviour role in building performance efficiency. The research showed that some of these behaviours has improved thermal comfort by 60% to 87% from the original design while daylight efficiency has been improved by 31.8% to 41.4% while sensible cooling loads' improvement ranges from 27.4% to 77.2% for the northern zone and 29.9% to 91.6% for the southern one, and thus, it could be used as a reliable POE feedback tool.
The issue of informal settlements in Egypt is one of the most critical issues due to its social, ... more The issue of informal settlements in Egypt is one of the most critical issues due to its social, economic and security impacts which influence the stability and safety of the Egyptian society. Because of inefficiencies in planning and management processes as well as a provision of basic urban services and infrastructure, the growth process is going on in a random way with no regulation or control. The growth of informal areas has identified as a natural indicator of the process of the country‟s urbanization. It is argued that at least 40% of the urban population lives in informal areas. This paper aims to evaluate the urban upgrading process in Egypt by taking the policy issue of upgrading the informal settlements as an instance in order to provide some practical actions and strategies that could help to advance effectively urban upgrading process towards achieving more improvements in the upgrading process.
Since 1990 there has been a considerable increase in the number of developing countries undertaki... more Since 1990 there has been a considerable increase in the number of developing countries undertaking Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) schemes at both the local and national levels. Unfortunately many of these ICZM schemes have failed to be implementated due to difficulties such as information and communication gaps and restricted technical and financial capacity. Common problems experienced across all developing countries. As a case in point, it is argued that developing countries suffer from capabilities at the local institutional level. Similarly, it is advocated that Mediterranean developing countries have not fully implemented ICZM as a result of lack of stakeholder capacity. Egypt provides a case study of this argument. Since the mid-1990s several attempts have been made to promote ICZM in Egypt, however none have achieved their goal of having an ICZM plan become operational. This paper reviews ICZM processes in Egypt focussing on the capacity of all instituions and key stakeholders to plan and implement ICZM based on interviews with key ICZM key stakeholders as well as documentary analysis and participant observation in ICZM meetings. It seeks through a critical evaluation to provide practical recommendations that serve to enhance the implementation of ICZM in Egypt and other developing countries.
Like most developing countries, Egypt has been undergoing rapid urbanisation and industrialisatio... more Like most developing countries, Egypt has been undergoing rapid urbanisation and industrialisation. Recently, Egypt is progressing in many planning sectors; nevertheless, it is argued that there have been many undesired effects on the environment resulted from these development processes. In fact, it could be said that development processes, as a result of national policy over the past three decades, have been associated with the extensive exploitation of natural resources for urban growth. Since sustainable development or sustainability has been highlighted as an essential principle in development planning, it is deemed necessary to modify the existing planning systems so as to cope with the challenges various developments are being confronted with and realise the purpose of sustainability. Thus, in order for better environmental policy and decision making this paper advocates that SEA is the right way towards achieving more sustainable patterns of development. It is felt that the major contributions of this research are: first, to discuss environmental assessment for urban development PPPs which has to date been neglected by the Egyptian government; Second, to propose a model to incorporate SEA process within the spatial planning process in the country.
International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment, 2015
Urban growth is a worldwide phenomenon but the rate of urbanization is very fast in developing co... more Urban growth is a worldwide phenomenon but the rate of urbanization is very fast in developing country like Egypt. It is mainly driven by unorganized expansion, increased immigration, rapidly increasing population. In this context, land use and land cover change are considered one of the central components in current strategies for managing natural resources and monitoring environmental changes. In Egypt, urban growth has brought serious losses of agricultural land and water bodies. Urban growth is responsible for a variety of urban environmental issues like decreased air quality, increased runoff and subsequent flooding, increased local temperature, deterioration of water quality, etc. Egypt possessed a number of fast growing cities. Mansoura and Talkha cities in Daqahlia governorate are expanding rapidly with varying growth rates and patterns. In this context, geospatial technologies and remote sensing methodology provide essential tools which can be applied in the analysis of land use change detection. This paper is an attempt to assess the land use change detection by using GIS in Mansoura and Talkha from 1985 to 2010. Change detection analysis shows that built-up area has been increased from 28 to 255 km 2 by more than 30% and agricultural land reduced by 33%. Future prediction is done by using the Markov chain analysis. Information on urban growth, land use and land cover change study is very useful to local government and urban planners for the betterment of future plans of sustainable development of the city.
Egypt adapted many experiments by establishment of new towns and urban settlements in the desert ... more Egypt adapted many experiments by establishment of new towns and urban settlements in the desert areas. These experiments aim to achieve developmental strategic aspects in the fields of urbanization, environmental, economic, and social. However, there is severe limitation in the achievement of the requirement rates either in the demographic growth rates, or in the economic growth rates, or in the urban development rates. Therefore, it should be evaluated either from the theoretical aspect or the executive one. Thus, the aim of this paper is to investigate Egypt’s new town policy, a central pillar of the nation’s urban development strategy over the last 30 years. The history and growth of new towns are reviewed; challenges as well as achievements are identified. Sixth of October new town is chosen as a case study, to delve into the details of development issues in one of the largest new towns. Finally, policy implications for improving the performance of Sixth of October and other new towns are suggested.
International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment, 2013
Egypt adapted many experiments by establishment of new towns and urban settlements in the desert ... more Egypt adapted many experiments by establishment of new towns and urban settlements in the desert areas. These experiments aim to achieve developmental strategic aspects in the fields of urbanization, environmental, economic, and social. However, there is severe limitation in the achievement of the requirement rates either in the demographic growth rates, or in the economic growth rates, or in the urban development rates. Therefore, it should be evaluated either from the theoretical aspect or the executive one. Thus, the aim of this paper is to investigate Egypt's new town policy, a central pillar of the nation's urban development strategy over the last 30 years. The history and growth of new towns are reviewed; challenges as well as achievements are identified. Sixth of October new town is chosen as a case study, to delve into the details of development issues in one of the largest new towns. Finally, policy implications for improving the performance of Sixth of October and other new towns are suggested.
Youth housing prototypes are widely spread all over Egypt as a cheap economic housing for youth w... more Youth housing prototypes are widely spread all over Egypt as a cheap economic housing for youth which are designed in a number of different shapes. A post occupancy evaluation (POE) has been conducted to one of these prototypes to assess some modifications spontaneously done by users to the original design for the sake of enhancing building performance, e.g., creating new openings to improve lighting and natural ventilation thermal comfort, and making sunshades to control direct sunlight and thermal radiation. These assessments have been validated using simulation techniques i.e. CFD, thermal and daylight simulations, to compare natural ventilation, thermal comfort, and daylight energy efficiency in the original designs to that in the user modified. A wind tunnel test has been conducted to validate the standard k–epsilon turbulence CFD simulation in addition to daylighting in-situ measurements to validate natural lighting. The outcome of this research could be widely used as an important feedback tool in the future designs of the same prototype to evaluate user behaviour role in building performance efficiency. The research showed that some of these behaviours has improved thermal comfort by 60% to 87% from the original design while daylight efficiency has been improved by 31.8% to 41.4% while sensible cooling loads' improvement ranges from 27.4% to 77.2% for the northern zone and 29.9% to 91.6% for the southern one, and thus, it could be used as a reliable POE feedback tool.
Bulletin of the Faculty of Engineering. Mansoura University, 2020
In recent years, the rapid advances of computer applications used in urban design and planning ha... more In recent years, the rapid advances of computer applications used in urban design and planning have largely changed the essence and soul of urban designs and drawings. Therefore, many challenges exist to delay the efficiency and accuracy of assessing urban design and development plans. Furthermore, the process of assessment of urban design and planning becomes full of overlapping and intertwined stories that have made continuous changes, complexities, and uncertainties for its results and decisions. Urban development has been considered to be complex because it consists of different physical, social and technical elements and confronts continuous evaluation and decision making processes. All of urban
Youth housing prototypes are widely spread all over Egypt as a cheap economic housing for youth w... more Youth housing prototypes are widely spread all over Egypt as a cheap economic housing for youth which are designed in a number of different shapes. A post occupancy evaluation (POE) has been conducted to one of these prototypes to assess some modifications spontaneously done by users to the original design for the sake of enhancing building performance, e.g., creating new openings to improve lighting and natural ventilation thermal comfort, and making sunshades to control direct sunlight and thermal radiation. These assessments have been validated using simulation techniques i.e. CFD, thermal and daylight simulations, to compare natural ventilation, thermal comfort, and daylight energy efficiency in the original designs to that in the user modified. A wind tunnel test has been conducted to validate the standard k–epsilon turbulence CFD simulation in addition to daylighting in-situ measurements to validate natural lighting. The outcome of this research could be widely used as an important feedback tool in the future designs of the same prototype to evaluate user behaviour role in building performance efficiency. The research showed that some of these behaviours has improved thermal comfort by 60% to 87% from the original design while daylight efficiency has been improved by 31.8% to 41.4% while sensible cooling loads' improvement ranges from 27.4% to 77.2% for the northern zone and 29.9% to 91.6% for the southern one, and thus, it could be used as a reliable POE feedback tool.
The issue of informal settlements in Egypt is one of the most critical issues due to its social, ... more The issue of informal settlements in Egypt is one of the most critical issues due to its social, economic and security impacts which influence the stability and safety of the Egyptian society. Because of inefficiencies in planning and management processes as well as a provision of basic urban services and infrastructure, the growth process is going on in a random way with no regulation or control. The growth of informal areas has identified as a natural indicator of the process of the country‟s urbanization. It is argued that at least 40% of the urban population lives in informal areas. This paper aims to evaluate the urban upgrading process in Egypt by taking the policy issue of upgrading the informal settlements as an instance in order to provide some practical actions and strategies that could help to advance effectively urban upgrading process towards achieving more improvements in the upgrading process.
Since 1990 there has been a considerable increase in the number of developing countries undertaki... more Since 1990 there has been a considerable increase in the number of developing countries undertaking Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) schemes at both the local and national levels. Unfortunately many of these ICZM schemes have failed to be implementated due to difficulties such as information and communication gaps and restricted technical and financial capacity. Common problems experienced across all developing countries. As a case in point, it is argued that developing countries suffer from capabilities at the local institutional level. Similarly, it is advocated that Mediterranean developing countries have not fully implemented ICZM as a result of lack of stakeholder capacity. Egypt provides a case study of this argument. Since the mid-1990s several attempts have been made to promote ICZM in Egypt, however none have achieved their goal of having an ICZM plan become operational. This paper reviews ICZM processes in Egypt focussing on the capacity of all instituions and key stakeholders to plan and implement ICZM based on interviews with key ICZM key stakeholders as well as documentary analysis and participant observation in ICZM meetings. It seeks through a critical evaluation to provide practical recommendations that serve to enhance the implementation of ICZM in Egypt and other developing countries.
Like most developing countries, Egypt has been undergoing rapid urbanisation and industrialisatio... more Like most developing countries, Egypt has been undergoing rapid urbanisation and industrialisation. Recently, Egypt is progressing in many planning sectors; nevertheless, it is argued that there have been many undesired effects on the environment resulted from these development processes. In fact, it could be said that development processes, as a result of national policy over the past three decades, have been associated with the extensive exploitation of natural resources for urban growth. Since sustainable development or sustainability has been highlighted as an essential principle in development planning, it is deemed necessary to modify the existing planning systems so as to cope with the challenges various developments are being confronted with and realise the purpose of sustainability. Thus, in order for better environmental policy and decision making this paper advocates that SEA is the right way towards achieving more sustainable patterns of development. It is felt that the major contributions of this research are: first, to discuss environmental assessment for urban development PPPs which has to date been neglected by the Egyptian government; Second, to propose a model to incorporate SEA process within the spatial planning process in the country.
International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment, 2015
Urban growth is a worldwide phenomenon but the rate of urbanization is very fast in developing co... more Urban growth is a worldwide phenomenon but the rate of urbanization is very fast in developing country like Egypt. It is mainly driven by unorganized expansion, increased immigration, rapidly increasing population. In this context, land use and land cover change are considered one of the central components in current strategies for managing natural resources and monitoring environmental changes. In Egypt, urban growth has brought serious losses of agricultural land and water bodies. Urban growth is responsible for a variety of urban environmental issues like decreased air quality, increased runoff and subsequent flooding, increased local temperature, deterioration of water quality, etc. Egypt possessed a number of fast growing cities. Mansoura and Talkha cities in Daqahlia governorate are expanding rapidly with varying growth rates and patterns. In this context, geospatial technologies and remote sensing methodology provide essential tools which can be applied in the analysis of land use change detection. This paper is an attempt to assess the land use change detection by using GIS in Mansoura and Talkha from 1985 to 2010. Change detection analysis shows that built-up area has been increased from 28 to 255 km 2 by more than 30% and agricultural land reduced by 33%. Future prediction is done by using the Markov chain analysis. Information on urban growth, land use and land cover change study is very useful to local government and urban planners for the betterment of future plans of sustainable development of the city.
Egypt adapted many experiments by establishment of new towns and urban settlements in the desert ... more Egypt adapted many experiments by establishment of new towns and urban settlements in the desert areas. These experiments aim to achieve developmental strategic aspects in the fields of urbanization, environmental, economic, and social. However, there is severe limitation in the achievement of the requirement rates either in the demographic growth rates, or in the economic growth rates, or in the urban development rates. Therefore, it should be evaluated either from the theoretical aspect or the executive one. Thus, the aim of this paper is to investigate Egypt’s new town policy, a central pillar of the nation’s urban development strategy over the last 30 years. The history and growth of new towns are reviewed; challenges as well as achievements are identified. Sixth of October new town is chosen as a case study, to delve into the details of development issues in one of the largest new towns. Finally, policy implications for improving the performance of Sixth of October and other new towns are suggested.
International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment, 2013
Egypt adapted many experiments by establishment of new towns and urban settlements in the desert ... more Egypt adapted many experiments by establishment of new towns and urban settlements in the desert areas. These experiments aim to achieve developmental strategic aspects in the fields of urbanization, environmental, economic, and social. However, there is severe limitation in the achievement of the requirement rates either in the demographic growth rates, or in the economic growth rates, or in the urban development rates. Therefore, it should be evaluated either from the theoretical aspect or the executive one. Thus, the aim of this paper is to investigate Egypt's new town policy, a central pillar of the nation's urban development strategy over the last 30 years. The history and growth of new towns are reviewed; challenges as well as achievements are identified. Sixth of October new town is chosen as a case study, to delve into the details of development issues in one of the largest new towns. Finally, policy implications for improving the performance of Sixth of October and other new towns are suggested.
Youth housing prototypes are widely spread all over Egypt as a cheap economic housing for youth w... more Youth housing prototypes are widely spread all over Egypt as a cheap economic housing for youth which are designed in a number of different shapes. A post occupancy evaluation (POE) has been conducted to one of these prototypes to assess some modifications spontaneously done by users to the original design for the sake of enhancing building performance, e.g., creating new openings to improve lighting and natural ventilation thermal comfort, and making sunshades to control direct sunlight and thermal radiation. These assessments have been validated using simulation techniques i.e. CFD, thermal and daylight simulations, to compare natural ventilation, thermal comfort, and daylight energy efficiency in the original designs to that in the user modified. A wind tunnel test has been conducted to validate the standard k–epsilon turbulence CFD simulation in addition to daylighting in-situ measurements to validate natural lighting. The outcome of this research could be widely used as an important feedback tool in the future designs of the same prototype to evaluate user behaviour role in building performance efficiency. The research showed that some of these behaviours has improved thermal comfort by 60% to 87% from the original design while daylight efficiency has been improved by 31.8% to 41.4% while sensible cooling loads' improvement ranges from 27.4% to 77.2% for the northern zone and 29.9% to 91.6% for the southern one, and thus, it could be used as a reliable POE feedback tool.
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