Abstract
Introduction
The Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver (APASL) convened an international working party on the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in December 2008 to develop consensus recommendations.
Methods
The working party consisted of expert hepatologist, hepatobiliary surgeon, radiologist, and oncologist from Asian-Pacific region, who were requested to make drafts prior to the consensus meeting held at Bali, Indonesia on 4 December 2008. The quality of existing evidence and strength of recommendations were ranked from 1 (highest) to 5 (lowest) and from A (strongest) to D (weakest), respectively, according to the Oxford system of evidence-based approach for developing the consensus statements.
Results
Participants of the consensus meeting assessed the quality of cited studies and assigned grades to the recommendation statements. Finalized recommendations were presented at the fourth APASL single topic conference on viral-related HCC at Bali, Indonesia and approved by the participants of the conference.
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Abbreviations
- AASLD:
-
American Association for Study of Liver Diseases
- AFP:
-
α-Fetoprotein
- AFP-L3:
-
Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive fraction of AFP
- APASL:
-
Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver
- ECOG:
-
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group
- CI:
-
Confidence interval
- CEUS:
-
Contrast-enhanced US
- CSF-1:
-
Colony-stimulating factor 1
- CTAP:
-
CT during arterial portography
- CTHA:
-
CT hepatic arteriography
- DCP:
-
Des-γ-carboxyprothrombin
- DN:
-
Dysplastic nodule
- EASL:
-
European Association for the study of the liver
- FNH:
-
Focal nodular hyperplasia
- Gd-EOB-DTPA:
-
Gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid
- GPC3:
-
Glypican-3
- HBeAg:
-
Hepatitis B e antigen
- HBsAg:
-
Hepatitis B surface antigen
- HBV:
-
Hepatitis B virus
- HCC:
-
Hepatocellular carcinoma
- HCV:
-
Hepatitis C virus
- HGDN:
-
High-grade dysplastic nodules
- HH:
-
Hereditary hemochromatosis
- IFN:
-
Interferon
- LAM:
-
Lamivudine
- LGDN:
-
Low-grade dysplastic nodules
- LR+:
-
Positive likelihood ratio
- MDCT:
-
Multidetector-row CT
- MTT:
-
Molecular targeted therapy
- NASH:
-
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
- PDGFR:
-
Platelet-derived growth factor receptors
- PIVKA-II:
-
Prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence-II
- RCT:
-
Randomized controlled trial
- RD:
-
Risk difference
- SPIO:
-
Superparamagnetic iron oxide
- TACE:
-
Transarterial chemoembolization
- US:
-
Ultrasonography
- VEGFR:
-
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptors
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Omata, M., Lesmana, L.A., Tateishi, R. et al. Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver consensus recommendations on hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Int 4, 439–474 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12072-010-9165-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12072-010-9165-7