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Toxicokinetics of chiral polychlorinated biphenyls across different species—a review

  • PCBs: Exposures, Effects, Remediation and Regulation with special reference to PCBs in Schools
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Abstract

Nineteen polychlorinated biphenyls (chiral or C-PCBs) exist as two stable rotational isomers (atropisomers) that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other. C-PCBs are released into the environment as racemic (i.e., equal) mixtures of both atropisomers and undergo atropisomeric enrichment due to biological, but not abiotic, processes. In particular, toxicokinetic studies provide important initial insights into atropselective processes involved in the disposition (i.e., absorption, distribution, biotransformation, and excretion) of C-PCBs. The toxicokinetic of C-PCBs is highly congener and species dependent. In particular, at lower trophic levels, abiotic processes play a predominant role in C-PCB toxicokinetics. Biotransformation plays an important role in the elimination of C-PCBs in mammals. The elimination of C-PCB follows the approximate order mammals > birds > amphibians > fish, mostly due to a corresponding decrease in metabolic capacity. A few studies have shown differences in the toxicokinetics of C-PCB atropisomers; however, more work is needed to understand the toxicokinetics of C-PCBs and the underlying biological processes. Such studies will not only contribute to our understanding of the fate of C-PCBs in aquatic and terrestrial food webs but also facilitate our understanding of human exposures to C-PCBs.

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The authors would like to acknowledge support through grants from the National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences/National Institutes of Health (ES05605, ES012475, ES013661 and ES017425) where their own work is cited.

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  1. Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, UI Research Park, #221 IREH, Iowa City, IA, USA

    Izabela Kania-Korwel & Hans-Joachim Lehmler

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  1. Izabela Kania-Korwel
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Kania-Korwel, I., Lehmler, HJ. Toxicokinetics of chiral polychlorinated biphenyls across different species—a review. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23, 2058–2080 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-4383-0

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