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Toxicology of Organophosphate and Recent Trends in Prophylactic Approaches

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New Frontiers in Environmental Toxicology

Abstract

Organophosphate (OP) pesticides are potent nerve agents. Improper use and poor monitoring lead to intentional and unintentional exposures. Most of the suicidal cases are due to intentional consumption of OP. Organophosphate is a vast family of chemicals that inhibit Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in synaptic gap of the neurons thereby causing neurotoxicity. Oximes and atropines are conventional therapy given to poisoning patients; however, many OP inhibit AChE irreversibly and do not respond to oximes. There are several developments in the area of OP poisoning treatment. This review has covered the usage, consumption, pathophysiology of OP exposure, and recent advances in the prophylactic approach to combat human poisoning. The review has also discussed the limitation and major drawbacks in the treatment of OP poisoned cases.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the support of Dr. Ashok K. Chauhan, Founder President, Amity Universe, for his constant support and encouragement. The authors also thank Dr. Atul Chauhan, Chancellor, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, for providing all the required facilities.

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Correspondence to Anuj Ranjan .

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Ranjan, A., Chauhan, A., Jindal, T. (2022). Toxicology of Organophosphate and Recent Trends in Prophylactic Approaches. In: Jindal, T. (eds) New Frontiers in Environmental Toxicology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72173-2_8

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