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The importance of international standards for the graphene community

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If graphene and related 2D materials are to be used commercially, buyers need to have confidence in the measured properties of the material they obtain from suppliers. Scientists from international standards committees describe how the first joint ISO/IEC measurement standard, published this month, will help.

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Fig. 1: Flow chart of the measurement techniques and associated measurands obtained for the measurement of graphene in powders and liquid dispersions from ISO/TS 21356-1.

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Acknowledgements

This project has received funding from the European Metrology Programme for Innovation and Research (EMPIR) as part of the ISO-G-SCoPe, 19NRM04 project. The EMPIR program is co-financed by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program and the EMPIR Participating States. The authors thank Prof. Mark Gee and Dr. Alexander G. Shard from the National Physical Laboratory, UK, for discussions on the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Physical Laboratory (NPL), Teddington, UK

    Charles A. Clifford & Andrew J. Pollard

  2. National Institute of Metrology, Standardization and Technology (Inmetro), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Erlon H. Martins Ferreira

  3. National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan

    Toshiyuki Fujimoto

  4. National Measurement Institute, Australia (NMIA), Sydney, Australia

    Jan Herrmann

  5. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD, USA

    Angela R. Hight Walker

  6. Chair, ISO/TC229 Nanotechnologies, London, UK

    Denis Koltsov

  7. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany

    Christian Punckt

  8. National Institute of Metrology (NIM), Beijing, China

    Lingling Ren

  9. National Research Council Canada, NRC Metrology, Ottawa, ON, Canada

    Gregory J. Smallwood

Authors
  1. Charles A. Clifford
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  2. Erlon H. Martins Ferreira
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  3. Toshiyuki Fujimoto
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  4. Jan Herrmann
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  5. Angela R. Hight Walker
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  6. Denis Koltsov
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  7. Christian Punckt
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  8. Lingling Ren
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  9. Gregory J. Smallwood
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  10. Andrew J. Pollard
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Contributions

C.C. and A.P wrote the article. E.F., T.F., J.H., A.H. W., D.K, C.P., L.R. and G.S. reviewed and edited before submission.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Andrew J. Pollard.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Related links

ISO Online Browsing Platform: https://www.iso.org/obp/ui

ISO/TR 19733:2019 Nanotechnologies — Matrix of properties and measurement techniques for graphene and related two-dimensional (2D) materials: https://www.iso.org/standard/66188.html

ISO/TS 21356-1:2021 Nanotechnologies — Structural characterization of graphene — Part 1: Graphene from powders and dispersions: https://www.iso.org/standard/70757.html

ISO/TS 80004-13:2017 (2017) Nanotechnologies — Vocabulary — Part 13: Graphene and related two-dimensional (2D) materials: https://www.iso.org/standard/64741.html

VAMAS TWA41 ‘Graphene and Related 2D Materials’: http://www.vamas.org/twa41/index.html

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Clifford, C.A., Martins Ferreira, E.H., Fujimoto, T. et al. The importance of international standards for the graphene community. Nat Rev Phys 3, 233–235 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s42254-021-00278-6

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