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Flotation Mechanism of Lead-Activated Cassiterite with Ricinoleic Acid as a Collector

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Abstract

This paper investigates the flotation of cassiterite (SnO2) from ore using ricinoleic acid (RA) as a collector which is cheap and environmentally friendly. It is shown that the flotation is significantly enhanced by the activation of lead cations at pH 8. The flotation results are explained and supported by further studies to determine the changes in surface properties (hydrophobicity and surface potentials) and adsorption of RA and lead cations using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), and FTIR. The results of surface (zeta) potential measurements and TOF-SIMS indicate that the amount of RA anions on the Pb-activated SnO2 surface was higher than that on the natural SnO2 surface. The XPS results revealed that RA anions were bound to the Sn atoms on the natural SnO2 surface. In contrast, RA anions reacted with the Pb atoms instead of Sn atoms on the activated SnO2 surface, improving the floatability of Pb-activated SnO2. Pb(RA)2 precipitation occurred on the Pb-activated surface, and H bonds were formed between two RA anions in Pb(RA)2, which lead to a tighter assembly of collector species on the SnO2 surface. The outcomes of this research shed light on the application of the cost-effective and environmentally friendly RA collector in cassiterite flotation.

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Funding

The authors received financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22068020), Analysis and Testing Foundation of Kunming University of Science and Technology (PR China), and the Yong Top-notch Talent Project of Yunnan Ten Thousand Talent Plan (Yunnan Province, PR China).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Land Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China

    Qinbo Cao, Yan Yan, Haiyu Zhang, Yanjun Li & Dianwen Liu

  2. State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, PR China

    Qinbo Cao & Dianwen Liu

  3. Yunnan Key Laboratory of Green Separation and Enrichment of Strategic Mineral Resources, Kunming, PR China

    Qinbo Cao & Dianwen Liu

  4. School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia

    Anh V. Nguyen

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Cao, Q., Yan, Y., Zhang, H. et al. Flotation Mechanism of Lead-Activated Cassiterite with Ricinoleic Acid as a Collector. Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration 41, 1919–1931 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-024-01018-x

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