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Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with chronic kidney disease: a hospital-based study

  • Sleep Breathing Physiology and Disorders • Original Article
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Abstract

Background

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is has been rising over the past few years, and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent comorbidity in this population.

Aim

To determine the prevalence of OSA in patients with chronic kidney disease stages I–V and end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Methods

Patients with CKD of varying grades and ESRD routinely visiting outpatient nephrology clinic or admitted in department of nephrology were included in the study. Stages I–III were categorized as early stages of CKD and stages IV–V and ESRD as late stages of CKD. Patients were categorized into a high risk group based on STOP-BANG and Berlin questionnaires. Patients who were high risk were subjected to in-hospital overnight level III polysomnography. Student’s independent t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were employed for the comparison of continuous variables. Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test, as appropriate, were used for the comparison of categorical variables.

Results

Of 111 patients, 46 (41%) were found to have OSA. Of these patients, 15 (33%) had mild OSA (AHI 5–14/h), 13 (28%) had moderate OSA (15–29/h), and 18 (39%) had severe OSA (AHI ≥ 30/h). Overall, 31% of patients in the early stage of CKD and 45% in the late stage were found to have OSA.

Conclusion

This study demonstrated a high prevalence of OSA in patients with CKD when compared to the general population affecting both genders equally. The risk of OSA was higher in the advanced stages of CKD compared to the early stages, and dialysis had no effect on prevalence. Since OSA increases the cardiovascular morbidity in CKD the leading cause of death in these patients, early diagnosis and treatment of OSA may have promise to affect the mortality.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Old SR Hostel, SKIMS, Soura, Srinagar, 190011, India

    Juhi Jamwal, Syed Mudasir Qadri, Farhana Siraj & Sonaullah Shah

Authors
  1. Juhi Jamwal
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  2. Syed Mudasir Qadri
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  3. Farhana Siraj
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  4. Sonaullah Shah
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Juhi Jamwal.

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Ethical approval

This study was approved by the institutional ethical committee with reference no. #RP 93/2016. Written informed consent was taken from the subjects before participating in the study.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Jamwal, J., Qadri, S.M., Siraj, F. et al. Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with chronic kidney disease: a hospital-based study. Sleep Breath 27, 1703–1708 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-022-02764-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-022-02764-2

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