Abstract
Handwritten digits recognition is a key research problem in the domain of image analysis and pattern recognition. Specifically, the appearance approaches based on feature extraction have been proposed to solve many research issues. This paper presents a novel way of extending the oriented Basic Image Features column (oBIFs column) to multi-scale features. Moreover, this method is very efficient and robust for hand handwritten digit recognition as the changes in size, slant and shape have little effect on the accuracy. The proposed method is carried in two steps: first, we concatenate oBIF image for scale parameter at two or more scales to provide Multi-scale oBIFs. Second, the two variation Multi-Scale oBIFs are crossed to form columns at each location. Finally, a histogram is created from the occurrences of different patterns. The CVL dataset was considered to evaluate our approach, where the digits used where from different fonts, widths, and directions. We managed to achieve a good recognition of unnormalized digits in almost 96% of the cases, which is comparable with the state-of-the-art approaches.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Dundar, A., Jin, J., Culurciello, E.: Convolutional clustering for unsupervised learning. In: International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), San Juan, Puerto Rico (2016)
LeCun, Y., Jackel, L., Bottou, L., Brunot, A., Cortes, C., Denker, J., Drucker, H., Guyon, I., Müller, U., Säckinger, E., Simard, P., Vapnik, V.: Comparison of learning algorithms for handwritten digit recognition. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks, Nanterre, France, pp. 53–60 (1995)
Yamashita, Y., Wakahara, T.: Affine-transformation and 2D-projection invariant k-NN classification of handwritten characters via a new matching measure. Pattern Recogn. 52, 459–470 (2016)
Lauer, F., Suen, C.Y., Bloch, G.: A trainable feature extractor for handwritten digit recognition. Pattern Recogn. 40(6), 1816–1824 (2007)
Gattal, A., Chibani, Y.: SVM-based segmentation-verification of handwritten connected digits using the oriented sliding window. Int. J. Comput. Intell. Appl. (IJCIA) 14(01), 1550006 (2015)
Diem, M., Fiel, S., Garz, A., Keglevic, M., Kleber, F., Sablatnig, R.: ICDAR 2013 competition on handwritten digit recognition (HDRC 2013). In: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR), pp. 1454–1459 (2013)
Gattal, A., Chibani, Y., Djeddi, C., Siddiqi, I.: Improving isolated digit recognition using a combination of multiple features. In: Proceedings of 14th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (ICFHR-2014), Crete Island, Greece, pp. 446–451 (2014)
Gattal, A., Chibani, Y.: Segmentation strategy of handwritten connected digits (SSHCD). In: 16th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing, ICIAP 11, Proceedings, Part II, Ravenna, Italy, September 14–16, pp. 248–254. (2011).
Gattal, A., Djeddi, C., Chibani, Y., Siddiqi, I.: Isolated handwritten digit recognition using oBIFs and background features. In: 12th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis Systems (DAS-2016), Santorini, Greece, pp. 305–310 (2016)
Gattal, A., Djeddi, C., Chibani, Y., Siddiqi, I.: Oriented basic image features column for isolated handwritten digit. In: International Conference on Computing for Engineering and Sciences (ICCES 2017), Istanbul, Turkey, July 22–24, pp. 13–18 (2017)
Kimura, Y., Suzuki, A., Odaka, K.: Feature selection for character recognition using genetic algorithm. In: IEEE Fourth International Conference on Innovative Computing, Information and Control (ICICIC), Kaohsiung, December, pp. 401–404 (2009)
Newell, A.J., Griffin, L.D.: Natural image character recognition using oriented basic image features. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), pp. 191–196 (2011)
Newell, A.J., Griffin, L.D.: Writer identification using oriented basic image features and the delta encoding. Pattern Recogn. 47(6), 2255–2265 (2013)
Gattal, A., Djeddi, C., Siddiqi, I., Al-Maadeed, S.: Writer identification on historical documents using oriented basic image features. In: 2018 16th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (ICFHR), pp. 369–373 (2018)
Gattal, A., Chawki, D.I., Siddiqi, C.Y.: Gender classification from offline multi-script handwriting images using oriented basic image features (OBIFs). Exp. Syst. Appl. 99, 155–167 (2018)
Newell, A.J., Griffin, L.D., Morgan, R.M., Bull, P.A.: Texture-based estimation of physical characteristics of sand grains. In: 2010 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications, pp. 504–509 (2010)
Griffin, L.D., Lillholm, M., Crosier, M., Van Sande, J.: Basic image features (BIFs) arising from approximate symmetry type. In: Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02256-2_29
Vapnik, V.N.: The Nature of Statistical Learning Theory. Springer, London (1995)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Gattal, A., Djeddi, C., Jamil, A., Bensefia, A. (2021). Multi-Scale Oriented Basic Image Features Column for Handwritten Digit Recognition. In: Abraham, A., et al. Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Soft Computing and Pattern Recognition (SoCPaR 2020). SoCPaR 2020. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 1383. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73689-7_28
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73689-7_28
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-73688-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-73689-7
eBook Packages: Intelligent Technologies and RoboticsIntelligent Technologies and Robotics (R0)