Victor Celac
1997, licenţă la Universitatea Al. I. Cuza din Iaşi, specialitatea română-latină
1999, masterat la Universitatea din Bucureşti, specialitatea filologie clasică.
2003, doctorat la Universitatea din Bucureşti, specialitatea filologie (limba latină).
În perioada 1.09.2008 - 31.08.2009 am efectuat un stagiu postdoctoral la laboratorul ATILF, Nancy, Franţa, în cadrul proiectului internaţional DERom, proiect la care colaborez şi în prezent, în calitate de redactor şi revizor.
Din 2003, lucrez ca cercetător la Departamentul de Lexicologie şi Lexicografie al Institutului de Lingvistică din Bucureşti. Din 2012, am început să lucrez şi la Departamentul de Etimologie al aceluiaşi institut.
În perioada 2001-2005 am colaborat cu Universitatea din Bucureşti, ţinând cursuri de limba latină şi limba greacă.
1999, masterat la Universitatea din Bucureşti, specialitatea filologie clasică.
2003, doctorat la Universitatea din Bucureşti, specialitatea filologie (limba latină).
În perioada 1.09.2008 - 31.08.2009 am efectuat un stagiu postdoctoral la laboratorul ATILF, Nancy, Franţa, în cadrul proiectului internaţional DERom, proiect la care colaborez şi în prezent, în calitate de redactor şi revizor.
Din 2003, lucrez ca cercetător la Departamentul de Lexicologie şi Lexicografie al Institutului de Lingvistică din Bucureşti. Din 2012, am început să lucrez şi la Departamentul de Etimologie al aceluiaşi institut.
În perioada 2001-2005 am colaborat cu Universitatea din Bucureşti, ţinând cursuri de limba latină şi limba greacă.
less
Related Authors
Uploads
Papers by Victor Celac
Abstract: This study describes the development of our thinking and of the analyses that we carried out while preparing the article */'ram u/ n.n. ‘branch; set of branches of a tree’ as part of the Dictionnaire Étymologique Roman (DÉRom) project. Throughout our contribution, we will focus our attention on the Romanian and Italian lexical items used to reconstruct the Proto-Romance etymon */'ram u/ n.n. and the other three morphologically evolved protoforms */'ram a/ f.n., */'ram ora/ n.pl.n. and */'ram u/ m.n. Indeed, the Romanian and Italian cognates have an increased importance in this case, since their particularities allow (or even oblige) us to assign the neuter gender to the Proto-Romance etymon. It is not by chance that the same Romanian and Italian cognates posed the greatest difficulties during the elaboration of this article, given that the debates and commentaries carried out by Romanists concerning the neuter gender continue to be rather stormy without yet reaching a consensus.
In this contribution I present the results of the research concerning a Romanian manuscript, which is traditionally titled Pentru descoperirea a multor împărăţii şi locuri care s-au descoperit şi s-au aflat de portugali (= “For the discovery of many kingdoms and places that were discovered by the Portuguese”), kept at the Library of the Romanian Academy (Bucharest), under no. 3533. This manuscript is a translation from French, carried out in the second half or the end of the 18th century, by an unidentified translator. In the most important works of Romanian philology, this text was considered, until recently, probably a translation from French, after an unidentified original. I recently managed to identify the original, French text, from which this old translation is made. It is about seven chapters from Voltaire’s important work, Essai sur les mœurs et sur l’esprit des nations, usually published in several volumes (between four and eight volumes). The researcher Eugenia Dima, dealing with the same manuscript 3533, recently put forward the hypothesis that the translator could be the hieromonk Gherasim (at the Metropolitan Church of Iaşi). In this article, I present the results of the linguistic, textological and translational analysis, focusing on the comparison between the translation I referred to above (Pentru descoperirea...) and the known translations of Gherasim from Iaşi. I intend to highlight new data, which could help to evaluate as precisely as possible the hypothesis of paternity proposed by Eugenia Dima.
The first name Mihail / Mihai, of distant Hebraic origin, coming from the biblical tradition, has an appreciable antiquity in Romanian, being recorded quite frequently, starting with the oldest Romanian texts and documents. Corresponding first names exist and are well established in the onomastic repertoire of many peoples in Europe and beyond: German Michael, English Michael, French Michel, Italian Michele, Spanish Miguel, Russian Mikhail, etc. Romanians (as well as other nations) have also a feminine correspondent: Mihaela.
In this study, I will pay particular attention to the origin and factors that led to the establishment and spread of the feminine first name Mihaela, which appeared in Romanian relatively recently, probably only around 1900. I think I have identified some rather particular aspects, related to a series of political and ideological constraints, which determined the history (“biography”) of the first name Mihaela in Romanian language (and in Romanian society), during the 20th century.
Abstract
The modern Romanian language has the vocable of affirmation da ‘yes’. In Romanian, as historical language, this is not the only means to say ‘yes’, but in literary and modern Romanian, since around 1860, it is the main way. This research aims at bringing some clarifications regarding the origin and the age of da in Romanian, the region and the linguistic registers in which this lexical element circulated during its initial stages, as well as the factors that contributed to the generalization of its use, that is to the fixation of da as an element of the common language, generally known and used. For this purpose, I will use, among other resources, a Franco-Romanian Electronic Corpus, containing French texts, and their translations made into Romanian, starting with the second half of the eighteenth century.
Etymologically, the Romanian affirmative particle da is a loan from Bulgarian. It initially circulated in the language of the common people of Wallachia and Oltenia, therefore, as a basilectal element. During the first decades of the nineteenth century, it entered the literary texts of some Wallachian writers (the first being Iancu Văcărescu). Until 1860, it was almost exclusively used in the literary language of Wallachia. Its lexicalization and generalization, as an element of the common language, used by writers and the general public from all Romanian regions, took place starting with the seventh decade of the nineteenth century. In all probability, the Russian and the French cultural influences contributed to this generalization process: in Russian there is a particle of affirmation with the same form and the same meaning, and in French there is a reinforcing particle da, most often used in the combination oui-da. In my opinion, in this case, we can speak of the confluence and merging of cultural transfers from two different directions (Russian and French), which were grafted onto a regional element (of Bulgarian origin), also of recent acquisition to that date.
The modern Romanian language has the vocable of affirmation da ‘yes’. In Romanian, as historical language, this is not the only means to say ‘yes’, but in literary and modern Romanian, since around 1860, it is the main way. This research aims at bringing some clarifications regarding the origin and the age of da in Romanian, the region and the linguistic registers in which this lexical element circulated during its initial stages, as well as the factors that contributed to the generalization of its use, that is to the fixation of da as an element of the common language, generally known and used. For this purpose, I will use, among other resources, a Franco-Romanian Electronic Corpus, containing French texts, and their translations made into Romanian, starting with the second half of the eighteenth century.
Etymologically, the Romanian affirmative particle da is a loan from Bulgarian. It initially circulated in the language of the common people of Wallachia and Oltenia, therefore, as a basilectal element. During the first decades of the nineteenth century, it entered the literary texts of some Wallachian writers (the first being Iancu Văcărescu). Until 1860, it was almost exclusively used in the literary language of Wallachia. Its lexicalization and generalization, as an element of the common language, used by writers and the general public from all Romanian regions, took place starting with the seventh decade of the nineteenth century. In all probability, the Russian and the French cultural influences contributed to this generalization process: in Russian there is a particle of affirmation with the same form and the same meaning, and in French there is a reinforcing particle da, most often used in the combination oui-da. In my opinion, in this case, we can speak of the confluence and merging of cultural transfers from two different directions (Russian and French), which were grafted onto a regional element (of Bulgarian origin), also of recent acquisition to that date.
SOME CONSIDERATIONS ABOUT LINGUISTIC VARIATION ON LEXICAL LEVEL (COMMON LANGUAGE, SPECIALIZED LANGUAGES, TERMINOLOGIES)
(Abstract)
This article contains some theoretical consideration stemming from integral coserian linguistics, applied to the field of lexicology and lexicography. Namely, I used the discourse universes theory in order to re-evaluate the traditional approach of the stylistics, and I applied the named theory to the description of the concepts of common language, specialized languages and terminologies. I also proposed some concrete lexicographical treatments, which could improve the lexicographical presentations found in the Romanian dictionaries.
ABSTRACT:
This article deals with the first translation of a Shakespearian play into Romanian – the tragedy Julius Cesar, translated by Ștefan Stoica and published in Bucharest, in 1844. The edition presents no clue or indication concerning the immediate source of this translation. Therefore, an important question raised by this text is whether Stoica translated it from the English original or from a French intermediate version, being well known the fact that, at the time, the French cultural model was dominant in the Romanian society, and that important texts from universal literature, belonging to authors such as Byron, Cervantes, etc., were transposed into Romanian based on French intermediate versions, not on the original. In order to elucidate this question, I undertook a thorough comparison between, on the one hand, the mentioned translation into Romanian, and, on the other hand, the English original text and two French intermediate versions, available at the time.
Abstract: This study describes the development of our thinking and of the analyses that we carried out while preparing the article */'ram u/ n.n. ‘branch; set of branches of a tree’ as part of the Dictionnaire Étymologique Roman (DÉRom) project. Throughout our contribution, we will focus our attention on the Romanian and Italian lexical items used to reconstruct the Proto-Romance etymon */'ram u/ n.n. and the other three morphologically evolved protoforms */'ram a/ f.n., */'ram ora/ n.pl.n. and */'ram u/ m.n. Indeed, the Romanian and Italian cognates have an increased importance in this case, since their particularities allow (or even oblige) us to assign the neuter gender to the Proto-Romance etymon. It is not by chance that the same Romanian and Italian cognates posed the greatest difficulties during the elaboration of this article, given that the debates and commentaries carried out by Romanists concerning the neuter gender continue to be rather stormy without yet reaching a consensus.
In this contribution I present the results of the research concerning a Romanian manuscript, which is traditionally titled Pentru descoperirea a multor împărăţii şi locuri care s-au descoperit şi s-au aflat de portugali (= “For the discovery of many kingdoms and places that were discovered by the Portuguese”), kept at the Library of the Romanian Academy (Bucharest), under no. 3533. This manuscript is a translation from French, carried out in the second half or the end of the 18th century, by an unidentified translator. In the most important works of Romanian philology, this text was considered, until recently, probably a translation from French, after an unidentified original. I recently managed to identify the original, French text, from which this old translation is made. It is about seven chapters from Voltaire’s important work, Essai sur les mœurs et sur l’esprit des nations, usually published in several volumes (between four and eight volumes). The researcher Eugenia Dima, dealing with the same manuscript 3533, recently put forward the hypothesis that the translator could be the hieromonk Gherasim (at the Metropolitan Church of Iaşi). In this article, I present the results of the linguistic, textological and translational analysis, focusing on the comparison between the translation I referred to above (Pentru descoperirea...) and the known translations of Gherasim from Iaşi. I intend to highlight new data, which could help to evaluate as precisely as possible the hypothesis of paternity proposed by Eugenia Dima.
The first name Mihail / Mihai, of distant Hebraic origin, coming from the biblical tradition, has an appreciable antiquity in Romanian, being recorded quite frequently, starting with the oldest Romanian texts and documents. Corresponding first names exist and are well established in the onomastic repertoire of many peoples in Europe and beyond: German Michael, English Michael, French Michel, Italian Michele, Spanish Miguel, Russian Mikhail, etc. Romanians (as well as other nations) have also a feminine correspondent: Mihaela.
In this study, I will pay particular attention to the origin and factors that led to the establishment and spread of the feminine first name Mihaela, which appeared in Romanian relatively recently, probably only around 1900. I think I have identified some rather particular aspects, related to a series of political and ideological constraints, which determined the history (“biography”) of the first name Mihaela in Romanian language (and in Romanian society), during the 20th century.
Abstract
The modern Romanian language has the vocable of affirmation da ‘yes’. In Romanian, as historical language, this is not the only means to say ‘yes’, but in literary and modern Romanian, since around 1860, it is the main way. This research aims at bringing some clarifications regarding the origin and the age of da in Romanian, the region and the linguistic registers in which this lexical element circulated during its initial stages, as well as the factors that contributed to the generalization of its use, that is to the fixation of da as an element of the common language, generally known and used. For this purpose, I will use, among other resources, a Franco-Romanian Electronic Corpus, containing French texts, and their translations made into Romanian, starting with the second half of the eighteenth century.
Etymologically, the Romanian affirmative particle da is a loan from Bulgarian. It initially circulated in the language of the common people of Wallachia and Oltenia, therefore, as a basilectal element. During the first decades of the nineteenth century, it entered the literary texts of some Wallachian writers (the first being Iancu Văcărescu). Until 1860, it was almost exclusively used in the literary language of Wallachia. Its lexicalization and generalization, as an element of the common language, used by writers and the general public from all Romanian regions, took place starting with the seventh decade of the nineteenth century. In all probability, the Russian and the French cultural influences contributed to this generalization process: in Russian there is a particle of affirmation with the same form and the same meaning, and in French there is a reinforcing particle da, most often used in the combination oui-da. In my opinion, in this case, we can speak of the confluence and merging of cultural transfers from two different directions (Russian and French), which were grafted onto a regional element (of Bulgarian origin), also of recent acquisition to that date.
The modern Romanian language has the vocable of affirmation da ‘yes’. In Romanian, as historical language, this is not the only means to say ‘yes’, but in literary and modern Romanian, since around 1860, it is the main way. This research aims at bringing some clarifications regarding the origin and the age of da in Romanian, the region and the linguistic registers in which this lexical element circulated during its initial stages, as well as the factors that contributed to the generalization of its use, that is to the fixation of da as an element of the common language, generally known and used. For this purpose, I will use, among other resources, a Franco-Romanian Electronic Corpus, containing French texts, and their translations made into Romanian, starting with the second half of the eighteenth century.
Etymologically, the Romanian affirmative particle da is a loan from Bulgarian. It initially circulated in the language of the common people of Wallachia and Oltenia, therefore, as a basilectal element. During the first decades of the nineteenth century, it entered the literary texts of some Wallachian writers (the first being Iancu Văcărescu). Until 1860, it was almost exclusively used in the literary language of Wallachia. Its lexicalization and generalization, as an element of the common language, used by writers and the general public from all Romanian regions, took place starting with the seventh decade of the nineteenth century. In all probability, the Russian and the French cultural influences contributed to this generalization process: in Russian there is a particle of affirmation with the same form and the same meaning, and in French there is a reinforcing particle da, most often used in the combination oui-da. In my opinion, in this case, we can speak of the confluence and merging of cultural transfers from two different directions (Russian and French), which were grafted onto a regional element (of Bulgarian origin), also of recent acquisition to that date.
SOME CONSIDERATIONS ABOUT LINGUISTIC VARIATION ON LEXICAL LEVEL (COMMON LANGUAGE, SPECIALIZED LANGUAGES, TERMINOLOGIES)
(Abstract)
This article contains some theoretical consideration stemming from integral coserian linguistics, applied to the field of lexicology and lexicography. Namely, I used the discourse universes theory in order to re-evaluate the traditional approach of the stylistics, and I applied the named theory to the description of the concepts of common language, specialized languages and terminologies. I also proposed some concrete lexicographical treatments, which could improve the lexicographical presentations found in the Romanian dictionaries.
ABSTRACT:
This article deals with the first translation of a Shakespearian play into Romanian – the tragedy Julius Cesar, translated by Ștefan Stoica and published in Bucharest, in 1844. The edition presents no clue or indication concerning the immediate source of this translation. Therefore, an important question raised by this text is whether Stoica translated it from the English original or from a French intermediate version, being well known the fact that, at the time, the French cultural model was dominant in the Romanian society, and that important texts from universal literature, belonging to authors such as Byron, Cervantes, etc., were transposed into Romanian based on French intermediate versions, not on the original. In order to elucidate this question, I undertook a thorough comparison between, on the one hand, the mentioned translation into Romanian, and, on the other hand, the English original text and two French intermediate versions, available at the time.
Câteva gânduri şi analogii inspirate de filmul "Limonov: The Ballad" (2024), de Kirill Serebrennikov
Fragmente reprezentative pentru predilecţia traducătorului Nicolae Milescu Spătarul în legătură cu comparaţiile hiperbolizante şi metaforele în care se face referire la diferiţi reprezentanţi ai regnului animal, în consonanţă cu „duhul baroc aducător de modernitate” din Europa secolului al XVII-lea.
Selecţie de fragmente reprezentative pentru talentul şi forţa artei narative a traducătorului Nicolae Milescu Spătarul -- un cărturar bine integrat prin imaginaţia sa excepţională, prin gustul său pentru colosal şi exagerare, prin libertate şi fantezie în alegerea mijloacelor de exprimare, în cultura europeană occidentală a secolului al XVII-lea, eminamente barocă. Fragmentele conţin relatări extrem de plastice despre lupte, masacre, schingiuiri, comploturi şi lovituri de palat, dar şi despre corupţia, degradarea moravurilor din Bizanţ. Cititorii mai sensibili, impresionabili, sunt avertizaţi privind violenţa şi cruzimea extremă din unele fragmente.
Site-ul proiectului (la care ne vom referi în continuare prin intermediul siglei „DÉRom”) conţine 204 articole lexicografice complexe (aprilie 2023), o listă de publicaţii reprezentative pentru proiect, publicate de membrii proiectului, bibliografia generală a proiectului şi numeroase alte materiale, informaţii privitoare la proiect.
Au fost publicate trei monografii ale proiectului (în continuare, ne vom referi la acestea prin intermediul siglelor „DÉRom 1”, „DÉRom 2”, „DÉRom 3”):