This study investigated the knowledge of English phrasal verbs (PVs) among Japanese university st... more This study investigated the knowledge of English phrasal verbs (PVs) among Japanese university students. PVs have been described by learners as ambiguous and difficult, often resulting in their avoidance, and much of the literature has focused on how they can be taught effectively. However, it is relatively unknown as to what knowledge learners typically develop on their own without undergoing classroom interventions that focus specifically on PVs. To investigate this issue, a survey on PVs was distributed to eight different departments at universities across Japan resulting in 221 participants, with six students participating in follow‐up interviews. The data from the PV survey provided qualitative data for analysis, the interviews were transcribed, and axial coding was utilized to formulate a holistic examination of the participants’ knowledge of PVs. The results revealed that the participants had an awareness of PVs but had acquired most of them as chunks of language without much...
This study investigated the usage of high-frequency English phrasal verbs (PVs) and the effects o... more This study investigated the usage of high-frequency English phrasal verbs (PVs) and the effects of L1 typology for learners of English as a Foreign Language (EFL). Essays by native English speakers and by Chinese and Japanese EFL learners from the International Corpus Network of Asian Learners (ICNALE) were analyzed to determine directional, aspectual, and idiomatic PV usage. As English, Chinese, and Japanese are typologically different languages, comparing their PV usage revealed preferences for how the three groups expressed motion, as seen in directional PVs, and change of state events, which are often seen in idiomatic and aspectual PVs. A Chi-squared test revealed a significant association between L1 typology and PV types, and a pairwise comparison indicated a disproportionate use of PVs among the groups. For example, the two EFL learner groups used fewer directional PVs than the English native speakers. Accordingly, L1 typology appears to be a factor in influencing the types of PVs that are used. Considering the high frequency of the PVs investigated in the current study, there are important pedagogical implications for educators who are recommended to take into consideration their learners' L1 and how it can affect their ability to acquire and use PVs of varying types.
This study investigated the usage of high-frequency English phrasal verbs (PVs) and the effects o... more This study investigated the usage of high-frequency English phrasal verbs (PVs) and the effects of L1 typology for learners of English as a Foreign Language (EFL). Essays by native English speakers and by Chinese and Japanese EFL learners from the International Corpus Network of Asian Learners (ICNALE) were analyzed to determine directional, aspectual, and idiomatic PV usage. As English, Chinese, and Japanese are typologically different languages, comparing their PV usage revealed preferences for how the three groups expressed motion, as seen in directional PVs, and change of state events, which are often seen in idiomatic and aspectual PVs. A Chi-squared test revealed a significant association between L1 typology and PV types, and a pairwise comparison indicated a disproportionate use of PVs among the groups. For example, the two EFL learner groups used fewer directional PVs than the English native speakers. Accordingly, L1 typology appears to be a factor in influencing the types of PVs that are used. Considering the high frequency of the PVs investigated in the current study, there are important pedagogical implications for educators who are recommended to take into consideration their learners' L1 and how it can affect their ability to acquire and use PVs of varying types.
In EFL teaching and research, multiword vocabulary (i.e., phrasal verbs and idiomatic expressions... more In EFL teaching and research, multiword vocabulary (i.e., phrasal verbs and idiomatic expressions) is often given little attention. In Japan, emphasis is placed on learning single-word units in EFL education in order to pass entrance examinations (Yoshitomi et al., 2006). However, the lack of focus on multiword units may have consequences on learnersʼ ability to comprehend or produce natural English (e.g., Liao & Fukuya, 2004; Yasuda, 2010). Given the potential value of multiword vocabulary learning, the purpose of this study is to determine if there is such a general correlation between general English proficiency, as measured by standardized tests, and the ability to interpret phrasal verbs and idiomatic expressions. We conducted a meta-analysis of scores from multiword vocabulary tests taken by students at three different universities that include five different groups (N = 366, 688, 33, 40, and 30) and their scores on three different standardized English tests (i.e., TOEFL ITP ® , TOEIC ® , and Pearsonʼs Benchmark). Using a random effects meta-analysis, we found a mean effect of 0.488, indicating that there is a medium-sized general trend for students who achieved higher scores on a multiword test to also score higher on standardized tests.
This study investigated the knowledge of English phrasal verbs (PVs) among Japanese university st... more This study investigated the knowledge of English phrasal verbs (PVs) among Japanese university students. PVs have been described by learners as ambiguous and difficult, often resulting in their avoidance, and much of the literature has focused on how they can be taught effectively. However, it is relatively unknown as to what knowledge learners typically develop on their own without undergoing classroom interventions that focus specifically on PVs. To investigate this issue, a survey on PVs was distributed to eight different departments at universities across Japan resulting in 221 participants, with six students participating in follow‐up interviews. The data from the PV survey provided qualitative data for analysis, the interviews were transcribed, and axial coding was utilized to formulate a holistic examination of the participants’ knowledge of PVs. The results revealed that the participants had an awareness of PVs but had acquired most of them as chunks of language without much...
This study investigated the usage of high-frequency English phrasal verbs (PVs) and the effects o... more This study investigated the usage of high-frequency English phrasal verbs (PVs) and the effects of L1 typology for learners of English as a Foreign Language (EFL). Essays by native English speakers and by Chinese and Japanese EFL learners from the International Corpus Network of Asian Learners (ICNALE) were analyzed to determine directional, aspectual, and idiomatic PV usage. As English, Chinese, and Japanese are typologically different languages, comparing their PV usage revealed preferences for how the three groups expressed motion, as seen in directional PVs, and change of state events, which are often seen in idiomatic and aspectual PVs. A Chi-squared test revealed a significant association between L1 typology and PV types, and a pairwise comparison indicated a disproportionate use of PVs among the groups. For example, the two EFL learner groups used fewer directional PVs than the English native speakers. Accordingly, L1 typology appears to be a factor in influencing the types of PVs that are used. Considering the high frequency of the PVs investigated in the current study, there are important pedagogical implications for educators who are recommended to take into consideration their learners' L1 and how it can affect their ability to acquire and use PVs of varying types.
This study investigated the usage of high-frequency English phrasal verbs (PVs) and the effects o... more This study investigated the usage of high-frequency English phrasal verbs (PVs) and the effects of L1 typology for learners of English as a Foreign Language (EFL). Essays by native English speakers and by Chinese and Japanese EFL learners from the International Corpus Network of Asian Learners (ICNALE) were analyzed to determine directional, aspectual, and idiomatic PV usage. As English, Chinese, and Japanese are typologically different languages, comparing their PV usage revealed preferences for how the three groups expressed motion, as seen in directional PVs, and change of state events, which are often seen in idiomatic and aspectual PVs. A Chi-squared test revealed a significant association between L1 typology and PV types, and a pairwise comparison indicated a disproportionate use of PVs among the groups. For example, the two EFL learner groups used fewer directional PVs than the English native speakers. Accordingly, L1 typology appears to be a factor in influencing the types of PVs that are used. Considering the high frequency of the PVs investigated in the current study, there are important pedagogical implications for educators who are recommended to take into consideration their learners' L1 and how it can affect their ability to acquire and use PVs of varying types.
In EFL teaching and research, multiword vocabulary (i.e., phrasal verbs and idiomatic expressions... more In EFL teaching and research, multiword vocabulary (i.e., phrasal verbs and idiomatic expressions) is often given little attention. In Japan, emphasis is placed on learning single-word units in EFL education in order to pass entrance examinations (Yoshitomi et al., 2006). However, the lack of focus on multiword units may have consequences on learnersʼ ability to comprehend or produce natural English (e.g., Liao & Fukuya, 2004; Yasuda, 2010). Given the potential value of multiword vocabulary learning, the purpose of this study is to determine if there is such a general correlation between general English proficiency, as measured by standardized tests, and the ability to interpret phrasal verbs and idiomatic expressions. We conducted a meta-analysis of scores from multiword vocabulary tests taken by students at three different universities that include five different groups (N = 366, 688, 33, 40, and 30) and their scores on three different standardized English tests (i.e., TOEFL ITP ® , TOEIC ® , and Pearsonʼs Benchmark). Using a random effects meta-analysis, we found a mean effect of 0.488, indicating that there is a medium-sized general trend for students who achieved higher scores on a multiword test to also score higher on standardized tests.
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