Papers by Stella Babalola
Research Square (Research Square), Dec 13, 2019
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PubMed, Jul 1, 2014
Objective: To assess factors associated with utilization of maternal health services (MHS) among ... more Objective: To assess factors associated with utilization of maternal health services (MHS) among women giving birth in Haiti from 2007 - 2012. Methods: Observational data derived from the 2012 Haiti Mortality, Morbidity and Service Use Survey are analyzed. Multilevel analytic methods are used to assess factors associated with use of antenatal services and skilled birth attendance (SBA). Results: The strongest adjusted predictors include child's birth rank, household poverty, and community media saturation. The odds of obtaining four antenatal care visits decrease by 53% (odds ratio (OR) = 0.47; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.37-0.57) with high birth rank and by 37% (OR = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.51-0.78) with household poverty, and increase by 38% (OR = 1.38; 95% CI: 1.01-1.88) with high community media saturation. The odds of using SBA at delivery decrease by 72% (OR = 0.28; 95% CI: 0.22-0.34) with high birth rank and by 42% (OR = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.46-0.73) with household poverty, and increase by 92% (OR = 1.92; 95% CI: 1.41-2.61) with high community media saturation. Use of antenatal services is strongly associated with SBA (OR = 2.20; 95% CI: 1.85-2.61). Significant clustering of use of MHS exists at the community level. Conclusions: Factors associated with use of MHS operate at multiple levels. Efforts to promote such services should identify and pay special attention to the needs of multiparous and uneducated women, address the distance-decay phenomenon, and improve access for the poor. Community mobilization efforts designed to change norms hindering the use of MHS are also relevant.
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Quarterly Journal of Administration, 1987
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Subsequent to the genocide in 1996 the government of Rwanda set up a community-based justice syst... more Subsequent to the genocide in 1996 the government of Rwanda set up a community-based justice system (gacaca) to try parties suspected of participation in the genocide as a way to solve the inadequately resourced national justice system. The Johns Hopkins University Population Communication Service assisted the Ministry of Justice and Institutional Relations to provide community outreach to educate localities about the gacaca system democratic governance and the rule of law. For this JHU/PCS with the Conflict Management Center from the National University of Rwanda conducted qualitative and quantitative research for the purpose of designing communication to modify community behavior. Surveys were conducted to determine community knowledge attitudes and expectations about gacaca and its framework legislation. Focus groups and in-depth interviews in 5 communities from representative national zones targeting non-incarcerated and incarcerated individuals 789 men and 887 women in all were conducted. These surveys identified the demographics of the survey respondents: 53% women 47% men. The average age is 33 years. 30% of respondents had no formal education. 99.8% speak Kinyarwanda and more than half indicated they could read it with lower rates for other national languages including French and Swahili.
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Nature Human Behaviour, May 23, 2022
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PLOS ONE, Jul 12, 2016
<p>Background characteristics of people in households with at least one ITN, Liberia 2014.&... more <p>Background characteristics of people in households with at least one ITN, Liberia 2014.</p
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Promotion & Education, Dec 1, 1994
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Journal of Family Violence, Apr 19, 2019
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PLOS Global Public Health, 2021
Handwashing is essential for respiratory virus prevention, but uptake of handwashing in the conte... more Handwashing is essential for respiratory virus prevention, but uptake of handwashing in the context of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic remains under-explored. This study examines trends in and determinants of handwashing practices for COVID-19 prevention in 10 countries in West, East, and Southern Africa. Data are derived from an online global Facebook survey assessing COVID-19 knowledge, attitudes, and practices, fielded in July (Round 1) and November 2020 (Round 2). Adults ≥18 years (N = 29,964) were asked if they practiced handwashing with soap and water in the past week to prevent COVID-19. Design-corrected F-statistics compared knowledge and practice of handwashing, at country and regional levels, between survey rounds. A country-level fixed-effects logistic regression model then identified socio-demographic and ideational correlates of handwashing at Round 2. Most participants were >30 years-old, men, post-secondary educated, and urban residents. Between survey rounds, handwashing ...
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Malaria Journal, 2020
Background Following guidance from the US President’s Malaria Initiative, durability monitoring o... more Background Following guidance from the US President’s Malaria Initiative, durability monitoring of DawaPlus® 2.0 brand of long-lasting insecticidal net (LLIN) distributed during the 2015/16 mass campaign was set up in three ecologically different states: Zamfara, Ebonyi and Oyo. Methods This was a prospective cohort study of representative samples of households from each location, recruited at baseline, 1 to 6 months after the mass campaign. All campaign nets in the households were labelled and followed up over a period of 36 months in Zamfara and Ebonyi and 24 months in Oyo. Primary outcome was the “proportion of nets surviving in serviceable condition” based on attrition and integrity measures and the median survival in years. The outcome for insecticidal durability was determined by bio-assay from sub-samples of campaign nets. Results A total of 439 households (98% of target) and 1096 campaign nets (106%) were included in the study. Definite outcomes could be determined for 92% o...
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Journal of Family Violence, 2019
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PLOS ONE, 2019
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Population Horizons, 2018
Nigeria has one of the highest fertility rates in Africa. Data from 2013 Demographic and Health S... more Nigeria has one of the highest fertility rates in Africa. Data from 2013 Demographic and Health Surveys indicate a virtual stagnation of fertility rate since 2003. Low contraceptive use and pronatalist attitudes are among the factors contributing to the high fertility rate in Nigeria. In this manuscript, we pooled data from three most recent waves of Demographic and Health Surveys to examine trends in demand for children over time and identify the factors associated with change in demand for children. The data show that demand for children has declined since 2003 although not monotonically so. Variables that were positively associated with increased likelihood of desiring no additional children were residence in the South-West (as opposed to residence in the North-Central), exposure to family planning (FP) messages on the mass media, number of children ever born, educational level, and urban residence. In contrast, uncertainty about fertility desire was more widespread in 2008 compa...
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The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
ABSTRACT. Young women in sub-Saharan Africa are a group at increased risk for malaria in pregnanc... more ABSTRACT. Young women in sub-Saharan Africa are a group at increased risk for malaria in pregnancy. Early antenatal care (ANC) seeking makes it more likely that women will receive the recommended doses of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy. This study used data from national Malaria Behavior Surveys conducted in Malawi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) in 2021 to explore the association between intention to attend ANC in the first trimester for a future pregnancy (early ANC intention) and psychosocial factors among women aged 15–49 years. Eight psychosocial factors related to ANC and based on the ideation model were included, including knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy. The study used multivariable logistic regression models controlling for demographic characteristics to evaluate associations between early ANC intention and the individual ideational factors and the composite measure. Analysis included 2,148 women aged 15–49 years (Malawi: 82...
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Additional file 1: Figure S1. adjusted survival curves for determinants of physical survival from... more Additional file 1: Figure S1. adjusted survival curves for determinants of physical survival from cox regression. Contains survival graph for each variable in the final Cox regression model.
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Data used in PLOS publication "Correlates of intra-household ITN use in Liberia: A multileve... more Data used in PLOS publication "Correlates of intra-household ITN use in Liberia: A multilevel analysis of household survey data." Data and description of variables in Excel format.
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This manuscript used large-scale survey data to examine the prevalence and risk factors for intim... more This manuscript used large-scale survey data to examine the prevalence and risk factors for intimate partner violence (IPV) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). We examine three forms of IPV: physical, sexual and emotional. The data show that two of every five women and more than one quarter of the men had reportedly ever experienced physical form of IPV while one quarter of women and 15.7 percent of men reported sexual form of IPV. In addition, about one quarter of women reported ever experiencing public humiliation from their husband or partner. The risk factors for IPV differ for men and women and depend on the type of IPV. For men, the strongest and most protective factors against physical IPV include current employment and gender-equitable attitudes. The strongest risk factors for experiencing sexual violence among men were young age and problematic use of alcohol while gender-equitable attitudes and residence in Nord Kivu were protective. For women, young age, low ed...
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Papers by Stella Babalola