- Jammu (J&K) INDIA
Sandeep Dogra
Jammu University, Medicine, Faculty Member
- Medicine, HIV/AIDS, Infectious Diseases, Virology, Tuberculosis and Infectious Disease, Molecular Diagnostics, and 14 moreMedical Informatics, Medical Education, Tuberculosis, Diagnostics, Swine Flu, IGRAs, Public Health, Health Sciences, Microbiology, Immunology, Bioinformatics, Molecular Biology, Genetics, and Genomicsedit
Background: Out of all Hospital-Associated Infections (HAIs),Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is the second most common infection that accounts for approximately 34%, and 80% are associated with indwelling catheters and hence with biofilm... more
Background: Out of all Hospital-Associated Infections (HAIs),Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is the second most common infection that accounts for approximately 34%, and 80% are associated with indwelling catheters and hence with biofilm formation, which invites multi-drug resistant microorganisms. The present study was designed to study in-vitro biofilm forming uropathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibility in a tertiary care hospital in north India. Method:The present cross-sectional study consisted of 200 urine specimens collected over one year from patients with symptoms of urinary tract infection. Following their isolation and identification, all the isolates were subjected to screening for biofilm formation by Congo Red Agar (CRA) and the Tube Adherence (TA) methods. Subsequently, the Kirby Bauer-disk diffusion method performed the antimicrobial susceptibility test. Results: Out of the total samples (n = 200), a total of 46 (23%) were positive by the CRA method, while 33 (1...
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Additional file 2: Mapping of identified sequence variants in the primer binding sites.
Additional file 3: Optimization conditions for Lamp reaction.
Additional file 1: All the reference sequences (NCBI GenBank RefSeq) that were available for betacoronaviruses and BLAST results of all LAMP primer binding sites.
Intestinal parasitic infections are among the most common infections world-wide.(Kang G et al 1998) Intestinal parasitic infection varies considerably from place to place in relation to the disease.(Luka SA et al 2000) According to the... more
Intestinal parasitic infections are among the most common infections world-wide.(Kang G et al 1998) Intestinal parasitic infection varies considerably from place to place in relation to the disease.(Luka SA et al 2000) According to the World Health Organization estimate; globally two billion individuals are infected with intestinal parasites(WHO 2002) and there are 800-1000 million cases of Ascariasis, 700-900 million of Hook Worm infection, 500 millions of Trichuriasis, 200 million of Giardiasis and 500 million of Entamoeba histolytica.(Roma B et al 1997)
Burn injury which itself is a life-threatening event is associated with high mortality and morbidity due to associated burn wound infection (BWI). Thermal destruction of the skin barrier and concomitant depression of local and systemic... more
Burn injury which itself is a life-threatening event is associated with high mortality and morbidity due to associated burn wound infection (BWI). Thermal destruction of the skin barrier and concomitant depression of local and systemic host cellular and humoral immune responses are pivotal factors contributing to infectious complications in patients with severe burns. In burns involving more than 40% of the total body surface area (TBSA) almost 75% of all deaths are either due to sepsis from burn wound infection or infection related complications and/or inhalation injury. The survival rates for burn patients have however improved substantially in the past few decades due to advances in modern medical care in specialized burn centers. Improved outcomes for severely burned patients have been attributed to medical advances in fluid resuscitation, nutritional support, pulmonary care, burn wound care, and infection control practices. The present study was undertaken to provide an insight...
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Additional file 5: Validation of RT-LAMP Assay using patient samples (RIL, Mumbai, India).
Background Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19 pandemic, has infected more than 179 million people worldwide. Testing of infected individuals is crucial for identification and... more
Background Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19 pandemic, has infected more than 179 million people worldwide. Testing of infected individuals is crucial for identification and isolation, thereby preventing further spread of the disease. Presently, Taqman™ Reverse Transcription Real Time PCR is considered gold standard, and is the most common technique used for molecular testing of COVID-19, though it requires sophisticated equipments, expertise and is also relatively expensive. Objective Development and optimization of an alternate molecular testing method for the diagnosis of COVID-19, through a two step Reverse Transcription Loop-mediated isothermal AMPlification (RT-LAMP). Results Primers for LAMP were carefully designed for discrimination from other closely related human pathogenic coronaviruses. Care was also taken that primer binding sites are present in conserved regions of SARS-CoV2. Our analysis shows that the primer...
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Introduction: Definitive diagnosis of Enteric fever is by blood culture for Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi, Paratyphi A, and Paratyphi B which takes long turnaround time and is costly, whereas Widal test is simple, rapid, and... more
Introduction: Definitive diagnosis of Enteric fever is by blood culture for Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi, Paratyphi A, and Paratyphi B which takes long turnaround time and is costly, whereas Widal test is simple, rapid, and cost-effective test whose interpretation depends on the baseline Widal titers among healthy individuals in a defined population. Objectives: To determine the baseline Widal titers among apparently healthy urban population of district Jammu (J&K). Materials and Methods: 302 individuals in the age group of 18–50 years were recruited. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect demographic and clinical details. The Widal testing was done using commercial Salmonella antigen kit. Results: A total of 302 samples were screened by Widal test. 138 samples (45.69%) were reactive for TO antigen and 64 (21.19%) tested reactive for TH antigen, 3 (0.01%) samples showed agglutination for AH antigen and 3 (0.01%) were positive for BH antigen. Majority of seropositive sam...
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We believe that there is significant educational deficit amongst interns regarding up-to-date formal knowledge and skills on healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) which might compromise patient safety. This urgently requires curriculum... more
We believe that there is significant educational deficit amongst interns regarding up-to-date formal knowledge and skills on healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) which might compromise patient safety. This urgently requires curriculum innovations to ensure their formal training on HAIs prevention and control. Education of interns to improve their knowledge and skills toward HAIs prevention and control. This pilot study was conducted in interns using a multimodal approach consisting of a combination of videos, PowerPoint presentation, and hands-on demonstration to provide applied and practical teaching on prevention and control of HAIs. Pre- and post-test assessment of knowledge, attitude, and skills was carried out by multiple choice questions, 5-point Likert scale, and Objective Structured Practical Examination respectively. Paired t-test. A statistically significant improvement in the overall score rates between pre- and post-test of intern's was seen, suggesting that educational programs have a positive effect. Intern's felt benefitted from interventions focused on HAIs prevention and control and hoped that such sessions are integrated in the regular undergraduate curriculum. A majority of the students felt that their learning style assessment matched well with their own perception of learning preference. Assessment drives learning; hence strengthening the contribution of health-care workers to HAIs prevention programs should include measures that enhance knowledge, improve skills and develop appropriate attitudes, resulting in safety and quality of patient care.
Interferon-gamma assays (IGRAs) are alternatives to the tuberculin skin test (TST), but IGRA conversions and reversions are not well understood. In a pilot study, we determined conversions and reversions using QuantiFERON-TB Gold... more
Interferon-gamma assays (IGRAs) are alternatives to the tuberculin skin test (TST), but IGRA conversions and reversions are not well understood. In a pilot study, we determined conversions and reversions using QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube((R)) (QFT) among household contacts of TB cases, and evaluated the effect of using various definitions and criteria for conversions. In a cohort of 250 contacts in India, 46% were TST-positive at baseline and 54% were QFT-positive. We re-tested this cohort after 12 months. Conversion rates were estimated using several definitions. Of the 250 contacts, 205 (82%) underwent repeat testing. Among 85 contacts with baseline TST-negative/QFT-negative results, TST conversion rates ranged between 7.5% and 13.8%, and QFT conversion rates ranged between 11.8% and 21.2%, depending on the definitions used. Among 109 contacts who were QFT-positive at baseline, seven (6.4%) had QFT reversions. QFT reversions were most likely when the baseline TST was negative and ...
Research Interests: Adolescent, Tuberculosis, Humans, Child, Female, and 15 moreMale, Young Adult, T lymphocytes, Aged, Middle Aged, Family Health, Adult, Sensitivity and Specificity, Pilot Projects, Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Tuberculin Test, Interferon gamma, Rural Population, Cardiovascular medicine and haematology, and Population surveillance
Research Interests: Developing Countries, India, Humans, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Female, and 15 moreMale, San Francisco, Health Care Workers, Risk factors, Prevalence, Middle Aged, Adult, Risk Factors, Cross Sectional Studies, JAMA, Tuberculin skin test, Health Personnel, Interferon gamma, Rural Population, and Medical and Health Sciences
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Research Interests: HIV/AIDS and Diagnostics
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Background: Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) assays are new tests for tuberculosis (TB) infection, and T-cell responses may be correlated with antigen burden. However, it is unclear if IFN-γ assays can be used to monitor response to TB treatment.... more
Background: Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) assays are new tests for tuberculosis (TB) infection, and T-cell responses may be correlated with antigen burden. However, it is unclear if IFN-γ assays can be used to monitor response to TB treatment. Materials and Methods: We measured T-cell responses to TB specific antigens in 60 Indian patients with microbiologically confirmed active pulmonary tuberculosis, before, during, and after TB treatment. Most patients were hospitalized and had moderate to advanced disease. IFN-γ responses were measured using the commercial whole-blood Quanti-FERON-TB Gold In Tube (QFT-G) assay at three time-points: at diagnosis (N = 60), after 2 months of intensive treatment (N = 47), and at 6 months (treatment completion) (N = 39). Results: At baseline, 44 of 60 (73%) patients were positive by QFT-G. At the second time-point, 38 of 47 (81%) patients were positive. At treatment completion, 31 of 39 (79%) patients were positive. Changes in IFN-γ responses over time were highly inconsistent - some individuals showed increases, while others showed decreases or no changes. Although the average IFN-γ levels decreased slightly during treatment (not significant), the QFT-G sensitivity remained mostly unchanged during therapy. Conclusions: Our data suggest that the QFT-G assay has modest sensitivity in patients with moderate to advanced pulmonary disease, but our results do not show a clear correlation between antigen burden and T-cell responses. Further research is needed to understand the kinetics of Tcell responses during TB treatment.