Building a famous brand often makes it possible to have sustainable growth in
compe... more Building a famous brand often makes it possible to have sustainable growth in
competitive market. A good brand name plays an important role on increasing word
of mouth advertisement, the number of loyal customers and repurchase habits.
However, in order to build a good brand, we need to create sustainable brand
identification and to do this we need to determine influential factors. This paper
presents an empirical investigation to find important factors influencing brand
identification. The proposed study designs a questionnaire in Likert scale consists of
23 questions, distributes it among 400 people who purchase regularly from Hyperstar
and collects 400 filled ones. Cronbach alpha is calculated as 0.735. In addition,
Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy and Approx. Chi-Square are
0.784 and 2300.022, respectively. Based on the results of our survey, we have derived
five factors including sense of brand, brand community, trust to brand, value of brand
and personality of brand
Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved., Jul 2, 2013
This paper presents an empirical investigation to find important factors influencing
... more This paper presents an empirical investigation to find important factors influencing
multi-dimensional organizational culture. The proposed study designs a questionnaire
in Likert scale consists of 21 questions, distributes it among 300 people who worked
for different business units and collects 283 filled ones. Cronbach alpha is calculated
as 0.799. In addition, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy and
Approx. Chi-Square are 0.821 and 1395.74, respectively. The study has implemented
principal component analysis and the results have indicated that there were four
factors influencing organizational culture including, diversity in culture, connection
based culture, integrated culture and structure of culture. In terms of diversity in
culture, sensitivity to quality data and cultural flexibility are the most influential sub-
factors while connection based marketing and relational satisfaction are two important
sub-factors associated with diversity in culture. The study discusses other issues.
Brand loyalty is one of the most important factors influencing on the success of re... more Brand loyalty is one of the most important factors influencing on the success of retail stores.
Many retail stores in the field of sport shoes in city of Tehran, Iran are facing tight competition
and there seems to be that only stores with loyal customers could survive. In this paper, we
present an exploration study to find out important factors influencing retail stores selling one of
well-known sport shows such as Adidas, Nike, etc. in city of Tehran, Iran. The proposed study
designs a questionnaire in Likert scale and distributes among 265 regular customers of these
stores and analyze them using factor analysis. The results indicate that there were four
important factors influencing customer loyalty including brand identification, brand promotion,
brand loyalty and characterization of stores.
Building a distinguished brand often makes it possible to have sustainable growth in
competitive... more Building a distinguished brand often makes it possible to have sustainable growth in
competitive market. It also helps us sell products with higher price; attract reliable
customers for long term relationships. This paper presents an empirical investigation
to find important factors influencing rubber industry. The proposed study designs a
questionnaire in Likert scale consists of 20 questions, distributes it among 300 people
and collects 265 filled ones. Cronbach alpha is calculated as 0.756. In addition,
Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy and Approx. Chi-Square are
0.75 and 1292.573, respectively. Based on the results of our survey, we have derived
six factors including brand transparency, expected quality, brand promises, brand
support and brand sustainability.
During the past two decades, there has been a growing trend on knowledge-based
organizations. In... more During the past two decades, there has been a growing trend on knowledge-based
organizations. Innovation, on the other hand, plays essential role on building competitive
business units. In this paper, we present an exploratory study to identify critical factors of
innovation culture in organizations. We detect important factors influencing innovation culture
in construction industry based on the implementation of factor analysis. The proposed study
designs a questionnaire and distributes it among 400 experts who are involved in construction
industry. Cronbach alpha has been calculated as 0.779, which validates the overall
questionnaire. The results of factor analysis have indicated that six factors of building cultural
infrastructures, education, organizational vision, established culture, strategic culture and
flexible culture are the most important items influencing innovation culture
Published by European Centre for Research Training and Development UK (www.ea-journals.org), Jun 1, 2013
Any change in sale price may affect customers, distributers and sellers. Anticipating
future pri... more Any change in sale price may affect customers, distributers and sellers. Anticipating
future prices is one of the best ways to face appropriately such these price changes in the
market. Time series have wide range of application in various fields such as economy,
management and marketing. Time series is a very important tool to analyze a collection of
observations which are recorded as daily, weekly, monthly and annually reports. In this paper,
the world price of each ounce of gold during 338 continuous months are considered (Average
per month) and the target is to assess the behavior of data and to release a suitable model for
this data to anticipate world price of each ounce of gold during upcoming months by means of
analysis of time series. The first step to analyze time series is to draw data. Next step is to
recognize effective parameters on the series (trend, cycle and seasonal) and to remove them
from time series and at last to process a static model on time series. We drew autocorrelation
function (ACF) and partial autocorrelation function (PACF) for data. Auto-regression model
(AR), moving average model (MA) and a combination of AR and MA models (ARIMA, ARMA)
were selected as the grade of recognition model and appropriate model. After all stages to
analyze time series and creation of remained parameters and after consideration of fitness of
represented model, anticipation of world price of gold for each ounce will take place. In this
regard, the result of considering the data in this paper produces information for future to make
appropriate and profitable decision based on current data. The process is done by means of
MINITAB software.
In today's competitive business environment, consumers are exposed to make their choice from
dif... more In today's competitive business environment, consumers are exposed to make their choice from
different alternatives. Customer loyalty has never been an easy task and many business owners
may lose their customer as soon as new products appear on the market. This paper presents a
study to find important factors influencing on sales force using factor analysis. The proposed
study designed a questionnaire and distributed among 180 customers of a well-known food
chain named Shahrvand in different regions in city of Tehran, Iran and managed to collect 156
filled ones. The questionnaire consists of 68 questions Cronbach alpha was calculated as 0.847,
which is well above the minimum acceptable limit and validates the results. The results of our
survey indicate that five major factors including multi-sensory brand experience, brand
engagement, pleasing brand, brand communications and brand effectiveness influence brand
loyalty, significantly.
Developing economy needs appropriate infrastructure in different areas including electronic
bank... more Developing economy needs appropriate infrastructure in different areas including electronic
banking. This paper presents an empirical investigation on important factors influencing
electronic banking for developing exports in Iran. The proposed study of this paper designs a
questionnaire and distributes it among 200 regular customers who use banking services of
various banks in city of Tehran, Iran. Cronbach alpha has been calculated as 0.752 and there are
five factors including internet infrastructure, advanced services, usability and information
design. The most important sub-criteria include building required culture, customer awareness,
the role of government, internet knowledge and compatibility with internet technology.
During the past two decades, tourism industry has become popular among many researchers in
devel... more During the past two decades, tourism industry has become popular among many researchers in
developing countries. Tourism is able to attract substantial amount of investment to some areas
where many investors are normally unwilling to invest in. This paper, presents important
factors influencing market orientation in tourism industry based on the implementation of factor
analysis. The proposed study designs a questionnaire and distributes it among 267 experts who
are involved in tourism industry. Cronbach alpha has been calculated as 0.873, which validates
the overall questionnaire. The results of factor analysis have indicated that six factors of market
oriented, limiting rules and regulations, strategic competition, marketing planning culture,
financial figures and top management.
These days, there have been tremendous efforts on offering products, which are environment
frien... more These days, there have been tremendous efforts on offering products, which are environment
friendly. Green marketing plays an important role for attracting new customer and customer
retention. This paper presents an empirical investigation based on the implementation of factor
analysis to locate important factors influencing green marketing planning and strategies.
building market oriented business units. The study designs a questionnaire including 23
questions and the questionnaire was distributed among 200 people who were visiting organic
product exhibition. Cronbach alpha was calculated as 0.845, which is well above the minimum
acceptable limit and validates the results. The results of factor analysis reveal four major factors
including green labeling, compatibility, product value and marketing component and size.
Building market oriented business units is one of the key successes for creating competitive
eco... more Building market oriented business units is one of the key successes for creating competitive
economy. This paper presents an empirical investigation based on the implementation of factor
analysis to detect important factors influencing building market oriented business units. The
study designs a questionnaire including 22 questions and after verifying skewness of the data
the questions were reduced to 18 and the questionnaire was distributed among 220 experts.
Cronbach alpha was calculated as 0.789, which is well above the minimum acceptable limit and
validates the results. The results of factor analysis reveal four major factors including
knowledge management, customer relationship management, creativity and flexibility.
Customer purchasing behavior plays an essential role on marketing planning in today’s
competitiv... more Customer purchasing behavior plays an essential role on marketing planning in today’s
competitive environment. Impulsive buying behavior is one of the most important components
of purchasing behavior. In this paper, we use factor analysis to extract important factors
influencing impulsive buying behavior. The proposed study of this paper designs a
questionnaire including 35 questions and through basic investigation, the questions are reduced
to 21 ones. The questionnaire is distributed among 200 regular customers and 149
questionnaires have been collected. Cronbach alpha has been calculated as 0.804, which is well
above the minimum desirable level of 0.7. The survey is conducted among regular customers
who normally make purchases from Shahrvand food chains in city of Tehran, Iran. The results
of factor analysis reveals four major factors including intelligence pricing strategy,
involvement, promotion margin and consumer behavior. The proposed study of this paper
considers “intelligence pricing strategy” for the first time as an important factor in consumer’s
purchasing behavior.
Building a famous brand often makes it possible to have sustainable growth in
compe... more Building a famous brand often makes it possible to have sustainable growth in
competitive market. A good brand name plays an important role on increasing word
of mouth advertisement, the number of loyal customers and repurchase habits.
However, in order to build a good brand, we need to create sustainable brand
identification and to do this we need to determine influential factors. This paper
presents an empirical investigation to find important factors influencing brand
identification. The proposed study designs a questionnaire in Likert scale consists of
23 questions, distributes it among 400 people who purchase regularly from Hyperstar
and collects 400 filled ones. Cronbach alpha is calculated as 0.735. In addition,
Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy and Approx. Chi-Square are
0.784 and 2300.022, respectively. Based on the results of our survey, we have derived
five factors including sense of brand, brand community, trust to brand, value of brand
and personality of brand
Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved., Jul 2, 2013
This paper presents an empirical investigation to find important factors influencing
... more This paper presents an empirical investigation to find important factors influencing
multi-dimensional organizational culture. The proposed study designs a questionnaire
in Likert scale consists of 21 questions, distributes it among 300 people who worked
for different business units and collects 283 filled ones. Cronbach alpha is calculated
as 0.799. In addition, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy and
Approx. Chi-Square are 0.821 and 1395.74, respectively. The study has implemented
principal component analysis and the results have indicated that there were four
factors influencing organizational culture including, diversity in culture, connection
based culture, integrated culture and structure of culture. In terms of diversity in
culture, sensitivity to quality data and cultural flexibility are the most influential sub-
factors while connection based marketing and relational satisfaction are two important
sub-factors associated with diversity in culture. The study discusses other issues.
Brand loyalty is one of the most important factors influencing on the success of re... more Brand loyalty is one of the most important factors influencing on the success of retail stores.
Many retail stores in the field of sport shoes in city of Tehran, Iran are facing tight competition
and there seems to be that only stores with loyal customers could survive. In this paper, we
present an exploration study to find out important factors influencing retail stores selling one of
well-known sport shows such as Adidas, Nike, etc. in city of Tehran, Iran. The proposed study
designs a questionnaire in Likert scale and distributes among 265 regular customers of these
stores and analyze them using factor analysis. The results indicate that there were four
important factors influencing customer loyalty including brand identification, brand promotion,
brand loyalty and characterization of stores.
Building a distinguished brand often makes it possible to have sustainable growth in
competitive... more Building a distinguished brand often makes it possible to have sustainable growth in
competitive market. It also helps us sell products with higher price; attract reliable
customers for long term relationships. This paper presents an empirical investigation
to find important factors influencing rubber industry. The proposed study designs a
questionnaire in Likert scale consists of 20 questions, distributes it among 300 people
and collects 265 filled ones. Cronbach alpha is calculated as 0.756. In addition,
Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy and Approx. Chi-Square are
0.75 and 1292.573, respectively. Based on the results of our survey, we have derived
six factors including brand transparency, expected quality, brand promises, brand
support and brand sustainability.
During the past two decades, there has been a growing trend on knowledge-based
organizations. In... more During the past two decades, there has been a growing trend on knowledge-based
organizations. Innovation, on the other hand, plays essential role on building competitive
business units. In this paper, we present an exploratory study to identify critical factors of
innovation culture in organizations. We detect important factors influencing innovation culture
in construction industry based on the implementation of factor analysis. The proposed study
designs a questionnaire and distributes it among 400 experts who are involved in construction
industry. Cronbach alpha has been calculated as 0.779, which validates the overall
questionnaire. The results of factor analysis have indicated that six factors of building cultural
infrastructures, education, organizational vision, established culture, strategic culture and
flexible culture are the most important items influencing innovation culture
Published by European Centre for Research Training and Development UK (www.ea-journals.org), Jun 1, 2013
Any change in sale price may affect customers, distributers and sellers. Anticipating
future pri... more Any change in sale price may affect customers, distributers and sellers. Anticipating
future prices is one of the best ways to face appropriately such these price changes in the
market. Time series have wide range of application in various fields such as economy,
management and marketing. Time series is a very important tool to analyze a collection of
observations which are recorded as daily, weekly, monthly and annually reports. In this paper,
the world price of each ounce of gold during 338 continuous months are considered (Average
per month) and the target is to assess the behavior of data and to release a suitable model for
this data to anticipate world price of each ounce of gold during upcoming months by means of
analysis of time series. The first step to analyze time series is to draw data. Next step is to
recognize effective parameters on the series (trend, cycle and seasonal) and to remove them
from time series and at last to process a static model on time series. We drew autocorrelation
function (ACF) and partial autocorrelation function (PACF) for data. Auto-regression model
(AR), moving average model (MA) and a combination of AR and MA models (ARIMA, ARMA)
were selected as the grade of recognition model and appropriate model. After all stages to
analyze time series and creation of remained parameters and after consideration of fitness of
represented model, anticipation of world price of gold for each ounce will take place. In this
regard, the result of considering the data in this paper produces information for future to make
appropriate and profitable decision based on current data. The process is done by means of
MINITAB software.
In today's competitive business environment, consumers are exposed to make their choice from
dif... more In today's competitive business environment, consumers are exposed to make their choice from
different alternatives. Customer loyalty has never been an easy task and many business owners
may lose their customer as soon as new products appear on the market. This paper presents a
study to find important factors influencing on sales force using factor analysis. The proposed
study designed a questionnaire and distributed among 180 customers of a well-known food
chain named Shahrvand in different regions in city of Tehran, Iran and managed to collect 156
filled ones. The questionnaire consists of 68 questions Cronbach alpha was calculated as 0.847,
which is well above the minimum acceptable limit and validates the results. The results of our
survey indicate that five major factors including multi-sensory brand experience, brand
engagement, pleasing brand, brand communications and brand effectiveness influence brand
loyalty, significantly.
Developing economy needs appropriate infrastructure in different areas including electronic
bank... more Developing economy needs appropriate infrastructure in different areas including electronic
banking. This paper presents an empirical investigation on important factors influencing
electronic banking for developing exports in Iran. The proposed study of this paper designs a
questionnaire and distributes it among 200 regular customers who use banking services of
various banks in city of Tehran, Iran. Cronbach alpha has been calculated as 0.752 and there are
five factors including internet infrastructure, advanced services, usability and information
design. The most important sub-criteria include building required culture, customer awareness,
the role of government, internet knowledge and compatibility with internet technology.
During the past two decades, tourism industry has become popular among many researchers in
devel... more During the past two decades, tourism industry has become popular among many researchers in
developing countries. Tourism is able to attract substantial amount of investment to some areas
where many investors are normally unwilling to invest in. This paper, presents important
factors influencing market orientation in tourism industry based on the implementation of factor
analysis. The proposed study designs a questionnaire and distributes it among 267 experts who
are involved in tourism industry. Cronbach alpha has been calculated as 0.873, which validates
the overall questionnaire. The results of factor analysis have indicated that six factors of market
oriented, limiting rules and regulations, strategic competition, marketing planning culture,
financial figures and top management.
These days, there have been tremendous efforts on offering products, which are environment
frien... more These days, there have been tremendous efforts on offering products, which are environment
friendly. Green marketing plays an important role for attracting new customer and customer
retention. This paper presents an empirical investigation based on the implementation of factor
analysis to locate important factors influencing green marketing planning and strategies.
building market oriented business units. The study designs a questionnaire including 23
questions and the questionnaire was distributed among 200 people who were visiting organic
product exhibition. Cronbach alpha was calculated as 0.845, which is well above the minimum
acceptable limit and validates the results. The results of factor analysis reveal four major factors
including green labeling, compatibility, product value and marketing component and size.
Building market oriented business units is one of the key successes for creating competitive
eco... more Building market oriented business units is one of the key successes for creating competitive
economy. This paper presents an empirical investigation based on the implementation of factor
analysis to detect important factors influencing building market oriented business units. The
study designs a questionnaire including 22 questions and after verifying skewness of the data
the questions were reduced to 18 and the questionnaire was distributed among 220 experts.
Cronbach alpha was calculated as 0.789, which is well above the minimum acceptable limit and
validates the results. The results of factor analysis reveal four major factors including
knowledge management, customer relationship management, creativity and flexibility.
Customer purchasing behavior plays an essential role on marketing planning in today’s
competitiv... more Customer purchasing behavior plays an essential role on marketing planning in today’s
competitive environment. Impulsive buying behavior is one of the most important components
of purchasing behavior. In this paper, we use factor analysis to extract important factors
influencing impulsive buying behavior. The proposed study of this paper designs a
questionnaire including 35 questions and through basic investigation, the questions are reduced
to 21 ones. The questionnaire is distributed among 200 regular customers and 149
questionnaires have been collected. Cronbach alpha has been calculated as 0.804, which is well
above the minimum desirable level of 0.7. The survey is conducted among regular customers
who normally make purchases from Shahrvand food chains in city of Tehran, Iran. The results
of factor analysis reveals four major factors including intelligence pricing strategy,
involvement, promotion margin and consumer behavior. The proposed study of this paper
considers “intelligence pricing strategy” for the first time as an important factor in consumer’s
purchasing behavior.
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competitive market. A good brand name plays an important role on increasing word
of mouth advertisement, the number of loyal customers and repurchase habits.
However, in order to build a good brand, we need to create sustainable brand
identification and to do this we need to determine influential factors. This paper
presents an empirical investigation to find important factors influencing brand
identification. The proposed study designs a questionnaire in Likert scale consists of
23 questions, distributes it among 400 people who purchase regularly from Hyperstar
and collects 400 filled ones. Cronbach alpha is calculated as 0.735. In addition,
Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy and Approx. Chi-Square are
0.784 and 2300.022, respectively. Based on the results of our survey, we have derived
five factors including sense of brand, brand community, trust to brand, value of brand
and personality of brand
multi-dimensional organizational culture. The proposed study designs a questionnaire
in Likert scale consists of 21 questions, distributes it among 300 people who worked
for different business units and collects 283 filled ones. Cronbach alpha is calculated
as 0.799. In addition, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy and
Approx. Chi-Square are 0.821 and 1395.74, respectively. The study has implemented
principal component analysis and the results have indicated that there were four
factors influencing organizational culture including, diversity in culture, connection
based culture, integrated culture and structure of culture. In terms of diversity in
culture, sensitivity to quality data and cultural flexibility are the most influential sub-
factors while connection based marketing and relational satisfaction are two important
sub-factors associated with diversity in culture. The study discusses other issues.
Many retail stores in the field of sport shoes in city of Tehran, Iran are facing tight competition
and there seems to be that only stores with loyal customers could survive. In this paper, we
present an exploration study to find out important factors influencing retail stores selling one of
well-known sport shows such as Adidas, Nike, etc. in city of Tehran, Iran. The proposed study
designs a questionnaire in Likert scale and distributes among 265 regular customers of these
stores and analyze them using factor analysis. The results indicate that there were four
important factors influencing customer loyalty including brand identification, brand promotion,
brand loyalty and characterization of stores.
competitive market. It also helps us sell products with higher price; attract reliable
customers for long term relationships. This paper presents an empirical investigation
to find important factors influencing rubber industry. The proposed study designs a
questionnaire in Likert scale consists of 20 questions, distributes it among 300 people
and collects 265 filled ones. Cronbach alpha is calculated as 0.756. In addition,
Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy and Approx. Chi-Square are
0.75 and 1292.573, respectively. Based on the results of our survey, we have derived
six factors including brand transparency, expected quality, brand promises, brand
support and brand sustainability.
organizations. Innovation, on the other hand, plays essential role on building competitive
business units. In this paper, we present an exploratory study to identify critical factors of
innovation culture in organizations. We detect important factors influencing innovation culture
in construction industry based on the implementation of factor analysis. The proposed study
designs a questionnaire and distributes it among 400 experts who are involved in construction
industry. Cronbach alpha has been calculated as 0.779, which validates the overall
questionnaire. The results of factor analysis have indicated that six factors of building cultural
infrastructures, education, organizational vision, established culture, strategic culture and
flexible culture are the most important items influencing innovation culture
future prices is one of the best ways to face appropriately such these price changes in the
market. Time series have wide range of application in various fields such as economy,
management and marketing. Time series is a very important tool to analyze a collection of
observations which are recorded as daily, weekly, monthly and annually reports. In this paper,
the world price of each ounce of gold during 338 continuous months are considered (Average
per month) and the target is to assess the behavior of data and to release a suitable model for
this data to anticipate world price of each ounce of gold during upcoming months by means of
analysis of time series. The first step to analyze time series is to draw data. Next step is to
recognize effective parameters on the series (trend, cycle and seasonal) and to remove them
from time series and at last to process a static model on time series. We drew autocorrelation
function (ACF) and partial autocorrelation function (PACF) for data. Auto-regression model
(AR), moving average model (MA) and a combination of AR and MA models (ARIMA, ARMA)
were selected as the grade of recognition model and appropriate model. After all stages to
analyze time series and creation of remained parameters and after consideration of fitness of
represented model, anticipation of world price of gold for each ounce will take place. In this
regard, the result of considering the data in this paper produces information for future to make
appropriate and profitable decision based on current data. The process is done by means of
MINITAB software.
different alternatives. Customer loyalty has never been an easy task and many business owners
may lose their customer as soon as new products appear on the market. This paper presents a
study to find important factors influencing on sales force using factor analysis. The proposed
study designed a questionnaire and distributed among 180 customers of a well-known food
chain named Shahrvand in different regions in city of Tehran, Iran and managed to collect 156
filled ones. The questionnaire consists of 68 questions Cronbach alpha was calculated as 0.847,
which is well above the minimum acceptable limit and validates the results. The results of our
survey indicate that five major factors including multi-sensory brand experience, brand
engagement, pleasing brand, brand communications and brand effectiveness influence brand
loyalty, significantly.
banking. This paper presents an empirical investigation on important factors influencing
electronic banking for developing exports in Iran. The proposed study of this paper designs a
questionnaire and distributes it among 200 regular customers who use banking services of
various banks in city of Tehran, Iran. Cronbach alpha has been calculated as 0.752 and there are
five factors including internet infrastructure, advanced services, usability and information
design. The most important sub-criteria include building required culture, customer awareness,
the role of government, internet knowledge and compatibility with internet technology.
developing countries. Tourism is able to attract substantial amount of investment to some areas
where many investors are normally unwilling to invest in. This paper, presents important
factors influencing market orientation in tourism industry based on the implementation of factor
analysis. The proposed study designs a questionnaire and distributes it among 267 experts who
are involved in tourism industry. Cronbach alpha has been calculated as 0.873, which validates
the overall questionnaire. The results of factor analysis have indicated that six factors of market
oriented, limiting rules and regulations, strategic competition, marketing planning culture,
financial figures and top management.
friendly. Green marketing plays an important role for attracting new customer and customer
retention. This paper presents an empirical investigation based on the implementation of factor
analysis to locate important factors influencing green marketing planning and strategies.
building market oriented business units. The study designs a questionnaire including 23
questions and the questionnaire was distributed among 200 people who were visiting organic
product exhibition. Cronbach alpha was calculated as 0.845, which is well above the minimum
acceptable limit and validates the results. The results of factor analysis reveal four major factors
including green labeling, compatibility, product value and marketing component and size.
economy. This paper presents an empirical investigation based on the implementation of factor
analysis to detect important factors influencing building market oriented business units. The
study designs a questionnaire including 22 questions and after verifying skewness of the data
the questions were reduced to 18 and the questionnaire was distributed among 220 experts.
Cronbach alpha was calculated as 0.789, which is well above the minimum acceptable limit and
validates the results. The results of factor analysis reveal four major factors including
knowledge management, customer relationship management, creativity and flexibility.
competitive environment. Impulsive buying behavior is one of the most important components
of purchasing behavior. In this paper, we use factor analysis to extract important factors
influencing impulsive buying behavior. The proposed study of this paper designs a
questionnaire including 35 questions and through basic investigation, the questions are reduced
to 21 ones. The questionnaire is distributed among 200 regular customers and 149
questionnaires have been collected. Cronbach alpha has been calculated as 0.804, which is well
above the minimum desirable level of 0.7. The survey is conducted among regular customers
who normally make purchases from Shahrvand food chains in city of Tehran, Iran. The results
of factor analysis reveals four major factors including intelligence pricing strategy,
involvement, promotion margin and consumer behavior. The proposed study of this paper
considers “intelligence pricing strategy” for the first time as an important factor in consumer’s
purchasing behavior.
competitive market. A good brand name plays an important role on increasing word
of mouth advertisement, the number of loyal customers and repurchase habits.
However, in order to build a good brand, we need to create sustainable brand
identification and to do this we need to determine influential factors. This paper
presents an empirical investigation to find important factors influencing brand
identification. The proposed study designs a questionnaire in Likert scale consists of
23 questions, distributes it among 400 people who purchase regularly from Hyperstar
and collects 400 filled ones. Cronbach alpha is calculated as 0.735. In addition,
Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy and Approx. Chi-Square are
0.784 and 2300.022, respectively. Based on the results of our survey, we have derived
five factors including sense of brand, brand community, trust to brand, value of brand
and personality of brand
multi-dimensional organizational culture. The proposed study designs a questionnaire
in Likert scale consists of 21 questions, distributes it among 300 people who worked
for different business units and collects 283 filled ones. Cronbach alpha is calculated
as 0.799. In addition, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy and
Approx. Chi-Square are 0.821 and 1395.74, respectively. The study has implemented
principal component analysis and the results have indicated that there were four
factors influencing organizational culture including, diversity in culture, connection
based culture, integrated culture and structure of culture. In terms of diversity in
culture, sensitivity to quality data and cultural flexibility are the most influential sub-
factors while connection based marketing and relational satisfaction are two important
sub-factors associated with diversity in culture. The study discusses other issues.
Many retail stores in the field of sport shoes in city of Tehran, Iran are facing tight competition
and there seems to be that only stores with loyal customers could survive. In this paper, we
present an exploration study to find out important factors influencing retail stores selling one of
well-known sport shows such as Adidas, Nike, etc. in city of Tehran, Iran. The proposed study
designs a questionnaire in Likert scale and distributes among 265 regular customers of these
stores and analyze them using factor analysis. The results indicate that there were four
important factors influencing customer loyalty including brand identification, brand promotion,
brand loyalty and characterization of stores.
competitive market. It also helps us sell products with higher price; attract reliable
customers for long term relationships. This paper presents an empirical investigation
to find important factors influencing rubber industry. The proposed study designs a
questionnaire in Likert scale consists of 20 questions, distributes it among 300 people
and collects 265 filled ones. Cronbach alpha is calculated as 0.756. In addition,
Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy and Approx. Chi-Square are
0.75 and 1292.573, respectively. Based on the results of our survey, we have derived
six factors including brand transparency, expected quality, brand promises, brand
support and brand sustainability.
organizations. Innovation, on the other hand, plays essential role on building competitive
business units. In this paper, we present an exploratory study to identify critical factors of
innovation culture in organizations. We detect important factors influencing innovation culture
in construction industry based on the implementation of factor analysis. The proposed study
designs a questionnaire and distributes it among 400 experts who are involved in construction
industry. Cronbach alpha has been calculated as 0.779, which validates the overall
questionnaire. The results of factor analysis have indicated that six factors of building cultural
infrastructures, education, organizational vision, established culture, strategic culture and
flexible culture are the most important items influencing innovation culture
future prices is one of the best ways to face appropriately such these price changes in the
market. Time series have wide range of application in various fields such as economy,
management and marketing. Time series is a very important tool to analyze a collection of
observations which are recorded as daily, weekly, monthly and annually reports. In this paper,
the world price of each ounce of gold during 338 continuous months are considered (Average
per month) and the target is to assess the behavior of data and to release a suitable model for
this data to anticipate world price of each ounce of gold during upcoming months by means of
analysis of time series. The first step to analyze time series is to draw data. Next step is to
recognize effective parameters on the series (trend, cycle and seasonal) and to remove them
from time series and at last to process a static model on time series. We drew autocorrelation
function (ACF) and partial autocorrelation function (PACF) for data. Auto-regression model
(AR), moving average model (MA) and a combination of AR and MA models (ARIMA, ARMA)
were selected as the grade of recognition model and appropriate model. After all stages to
analyze time series and creation of remained parameters and after consideration of fitness of
represented model, anticipation of world price of gold for each ounce will take place. In this
regard, the result of considering the data in this paper produces information for future to make
appropriate and profitable decision based on current data. The process is done by means of
MINITAB software.
different alternatives. Customer loyalty has never been an easy task and many business owners
may lose their customer as soon as new products appear on the market. This paper presents a
study to find important factors influencing on sales force using factor analysis. The proposed
study designed a questionnaire and distributed among 180 customers of a well-known food
chain named Shahrvand in different regions in city of Tehran, Iran and managed to collect 156
filled ones. The questionnaire consists of 68 questions Cronbach alpha was calculated as 0.847,
which is well above the minimum acceptable limit and validates the results. The results of our
survey indicate that five major factors including multi-sensory brand experience, brand
engagement, pleasing brand, brand communications and brand effectiveness influence brand
loyalty, significantly.
banking. This paper presents an empirical investigation on important factors influencing
electronic banking for developing exports in Iran. The proposed study of this paper designs a
questionnaire and distributes it among 200 regular customers who use banking services of
various banks in city of Tehran, Iran. Cronbach alpha has been calculated as 0.752 and there are
five factors including internet infrastructure, advanced services, usability and information
design. The most important sub-criteria include building required culture, customer awareness,
the role of government, internet knowledge and compatibility with internet technology.
developing countries. Tourism is able to attract substantial amount of investment to some areas
where many investors are normally unwilling to invest in. This paper, presents important
factors influencing market orientation in tourism industry based on the implementation of factor
analysis. The proposed study designs a questionnaire and distributes it among 267 experts who
are involved in tourism industry. Cronbach alpha has been calculated as 0.873, which validates
the overall questionnaire. The results of factor analysis have indicated that six factors of market
oriented, limiting rules and regulations, strategic competition, marketing planning culture,
financial figures and top management.
friendly. Green marketing plays an important role for attracting new customer and customer
retention. This paper presents an empirical investigation based on the implementation of factor
analysis to locate important factors influencing green marketing planning and strategies.
building market oriented business units. The study designs a questionnaire including 23
questions and the questionnaire was distributed among 200 people who were visiting organic
product exhibition. Cronbach alpha was calculated as 0.845, which is well above the minimum
acceptable limit and validates the results. The results of factor analysis reveal four major factors
including green labeling, compatibility, product value and marketing component and size.
economy. This paper presents an empirical investigation based on the implementation of factor
analysis to detect important factors influencing building market oriented business units. The
study designs a questionnaire including 22 questions and after verifying skewness of the data
the questions were reduced to 18 and the questionnaire was distributed among 220 experts.
Cronbach alpha was calculated as 0.789, which is well above the minimum acceptable limit and
validates the results. The results of factor analysis reveal four major factors including
knowledge management, customer relationship management, creativity and flexibility.
competitive environment. Impulsive buying behavior is one of the most important components
of purchasing behavior. In this paper, we use factor analysis to extract important factors
influencing impulsive buying behavior. The proposed study of this paper designs a
questionnaire including 35 questions and through basic investigation, the questions are reduced
to 21 ones. The questionnaire is distributed among 200 regular customers and 149
questionnaires have been collected. Cronbach alpha has been calculated as 0.804, which is well
above the minimum desirable level of 0.7. The survey is conducted among regular customers
who normally make purchases from Shahrvand food chains in city of Tehran, Iran. The results
of factor analysis reveals four major factors including intelligence pricing strategy,
involvement, promotion margin and consumer behavior. The proposed study of this paper
considers “intelligence pricing strategy” for the first time as an important factor in consumer’s
purchasing behavior.