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Address: Izmir Institute of Technology Chemical Engineering Department Room 126A Gülbahce Campus/ Urla
Address: Izmir Institute of Technology Chemical Engineering Department Room 126A Gülbahce Campus/ Urla
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degenerative diseases. Traditional treatments still have disadvantages,
such as donor tissue availability, donor site morbidity, implant loss, and
limited durability of prosthetics. Thus, recent studies have focused on
tissue engineering strategies to regenerate osteochondral defects with
different scaffold designs. Scaffolds have been developed from monolayer
structures to bilayer scaffolds to repair the cartilage−bone interface and
to support each tissue separately. In this study, Si-substituted nano-
hydroxyapatite particles (Si-nHap) and silica-based POSS nanocages
were used as reinforcements in different polymer layers to mimic a
cartilage−bone tissue interface. Chitosan and zein, which are widely used
biopolymers, are used as polymer layers to mimic the structure. This
study reports the development of a bilayer scaffold produced via
fabrication of two different nanocomposite layers with different polymer-inorganic composites in order to satisfy the complex and diverse regenerative requirements of osteochondral tissue. The chitosan/Si-nHap microporous layer and the zein/POSS nanofiber layer were designed to mimic a bone−cartilage tissue interface. Bilayer scaffolds were characterized with SEM, compression, swelling, and biodegradation tests to determine morphological, physical, and mechanical properties. The results showed that the bilayer scaffold had a structure composed of microporous and nanofiber layers joined at a continuous interface with appropriate mechanical properties. Furthermore, in vitro cell culture studies have been performed with LDH, proliferation, fluorescence imaging, and ALP activity assays using osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma cell lines. ALP expression levels provide a good illustration of the improved osteogenic potential of a porous chitosan/Si-nHap layer due to the Si-doped nHap incorporation. Histological data showed that both fiber and porous layers that mimic the cartilage and bone sections exhibit homogeneous cell distribution and matrix formation. Histochemical staining was used to determine the cell proliferation and ECM formation on each layer. In vitro studies indicated that zein-POSS/chitosan/Si-nHap nanocomposite bilayer scaffolds showed promising results for osteochondral regeneration.
size range of 180–350 nm. Nanocomposite drug carriers showed high encapsulation efficiency (80%–95%) and prolonged release period when compared to bare chitosan nanospheres. The drug release from nanocomposite carriers was monitored by diffusion mechanism up to 30 d. The in vitro release medium of nanospheres showed strong antimicrobial activity against gram-positive S. aureus and gram-negative E. coli bacteria. Furthermore, it was found that the nanospheres did not show any cytotoxic effect to fibroblast (NIH/3T3) and osteoblast (SaOS-2) cell lines. The results demonstrated that the prepared composite nanospheres can be a promising option for bone infection prevention at the post implantation period.
Objective: This study develops and evaluates skin creams incorporated with bioactive S. platensis extract.
Materials and methods: Spirulina platensis was cultivated, the aqueous crude extract was prepared and in vitro cytotoxicity of S. platensis extract in the range of 0.001–1% concentrations for 1, 3 and 7 d on HS2
keratinocyte cells was determined. Crude extracts were incorporated in skin cream formulation at 0.01% (w/w) concentration and in vitro wound healing and genotoxicity studies were performed.
Immunohistochemical staining was performed to determine the collagen activity.
Results: 0.1% S. platensis extract exhibited higher proliferation activity compared with the control group with 198% of cell viability after 3 d. Skin cream including 1.125% S. platensis crude extract showed
enhanced wound healing effect on HS2 keratinocyte cell line and the highest HS2 cell viability % was obtained with this concentration. The micronucleus (MN) assay results indicated that S. platensis extract
incorporated creams had no genotoxic effect on human peripheral blood cells. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that collagen 1 immunoreactivity was improved by increased extract concentration and it was strongly positive in cells treated with 1.125% extract incorporated skin cream.
Conclusions: The cell viability, wound healing activity and genotoxicity results showed that S. platensis incorporated skin cream could be of potential value in cosmeceutical and biomedical applications.
Objective: This study develops and evaluates skin creams incorporated with bioactive S. platensis extract. Materials and methods: Spirulina platensis was cultivated, the aqueous crude extract was prepared and in vitro cytotoxicity of S. platensis extract in the range of 0.001–1% concentrations for 1, 3 and 7 d on HS2 keratinocyte cells was determined. Crude extracts were incorporated in skin cream formulation at 0.01% (w/w) concentration and in vitro wound healing and genotoxicity studies were performed. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to determine the collagen activity.
Results: 0.1% S. platensis extract exhibited higher proliferation activity compared with the control group with 198% of cell viability after 3d. Skin cream including 1.125% S. platensis crude extract showed enhanced wound healing effect on HS2 keratinocyte cell line and the highest HS2 cell viability % was obtained with this concentration. The micronucleus (MN) assay results indicated that S. platensis extract incorporated creams had no genotoxic effect on human peripheral blood cells. Immunohistochemical ana- lysis showed that collagen 1 immunoreactivity was improved by increased extract concentration and it was strongly positive in cells treated with 1.125% extract incorporated skin cream.
Conclusions: The cell viability, wound healing activity and genotoxicity results showed that S. platensis incorporated skin cream could be of potential value in cosmeceutical and biomedical applications.
degenerative diseases. Traditional treatments still have disadvantages,
such as donor tissue availability, donor site morbidity, implant loss, and
limited durability of prosthetics. Thus, recent studies have focused on
tissue engineering strategies to regenerate osteochondral defects with
different scaffold designs. Scaffolds have been developed from monolayer
structures to bilayer scaffolds to repair the cartilage−bone interface and
to support each tissue separately. In this study, Si-substituted nano-
hydroxyapatite particles (Si-nHap) and silica-based POSS nanocages
were used as reinforcements in different polymer layers to mimic a
cartilage−bone tissue interface. Chitosan and zein, which are widely used
biopolymers, are used as polymer layers to mimic the structure. This
study reports the development of a bilayer scaffold produced via
fabrication of two different nanocomposite layers with different polymer-inorganic composites in order to satisfy the complex and diverse regenerative requirements of osteochondral tissue. The chitosan/Si-nHap microporous layer and the zein/POSS nanofiber layer were designed to mimic a bone−cartilage tissue interface. Bilayer scaffolds were characterized with SEM, compression, swelling, and biodegradation tests to determine morphological, physical, and mechanical properties. The results showed that the bilayer scaffold had a structure composed of microporous and nanofiber layers joined at a continuous interface with appropriate mechanical properties. Furthermore, in vitro cell culture studies have been performed with LDH, proliferation, fluorescence imaging, and ALP activity assays using osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma cell lines. ALP expression levels provide a good illustration of the improved osteogenic potential of a porous chitosan/Si-nHap layer due to the Si-doped nHap incorporation. Histological data showed that both fiber and porous layers that mimic the cartilage and bone sections exhibit homogeneous cell distribution and matrix formation. Histochemical staining was used to determine the cell proliferation and ECM formation on each layer. In vitro studies indicated that zein-POSS/chitosan/Si-nHap nanocomposite bilayer scaffolds showed promising results for osteochondral regeneration.
size range of 180–350 nm. Nanocomposite drug carriers showed high encapsulation efficiency (80%–95%) and prolonged release period when compared to bare chitosan nanospheres. The drug release from nanocomposite carriers was monitored by diffusion mechanism up to 30 d. The in vitro release medium of nanospheres showed strong antimicrobial activity against gram-positive S. aureus and gram-negative E. coli bacteria. Furthermore, it was found that the nanospheres did not show any cytotoxic effect to fibroblast (NIH/3T3) and osteoblast (SaOS-2) cell lines. The results demonstrated that the prepared composite nanospheres can be a promising option for bone infection prevention at the post implantation period.
Objective: This study develops and evaluates skin creams incorporated with bioactive S. platensis extract.
Materials and methods: Spirulina platensis was cultivated, the aqueous crude extract was prepared and in vitro cytotoxicity of S. platensis extract in the range of 0.001–1% concentrations for 1, 3 and 7 d on HS2
keratinocyte cells was determined. Crude extracts were incorporated in skin cream formulation at 0.01% (w/w) concentration and in vitro wound healing and genotoxicity studies were performed.
Immunohistochemical staining was performed to determine the collagen activity.
Results: 0.1% S. platensis extract exhibited higher proliferation activity compared with the control group with 198% of cell viability after 3 d. Skin cream including 1.125% S. platensis crude extract showed
enhanced wound healing effect on HS2 keratinocyte cell line and the highest HS2 cell viability % was obtained with this concentration. The micronucleus (MN) assay results indicated that S. platensis extract
incorporated creams had no genotoxic effect on human peripheral blood cells. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that collagen 1 immunoreactivity was improved by increased extract concentration and it was strongly positive in cells treated with 1.125% extract incorporated skin cream.
Conclusions: The cell viability, wound healing activity and genotoxicity results showed that S. platensis incorporated skin cream could be of potential value in cosmeceutical and biomedical applications.
Objective: This study develops and evaluates skin creams incorporated with bioactive S. platensis extract. Materials and methods: Spirulina platensis was cultivated, the aqueous crude extract was prepared and in vitro cytotoxicity of S. platensis extract in the range of 0.001–1% concentrations for 1, 3 and 7 d on HS2 keratinocyte cells was determined. Crude extracts were incorporated in skin cream formulation at 0.01% (w/w) concentration and in vitro wound healing and genotoxicity studies were performed. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to determine the collagen activity.
Results: 0.1% S. platensis extract exhibited higher proliferation activity compared with the control group with 198% of cell viability after 3d. Skin cream including 1.125% S. platensis crude extract showed enhanced wound healing effect on HS2 keratinocyte cell line and the highest HS2 cell viability % was obtained with this concentration. The micronucleus (MN) assay results indicated that S. platensis extract incorporated creams had no genotoxic effect on human peripheral blood cells. Immunohistochemical ana- lysis showed that collagen 1 immunoreactivity was improved by increased extract concentration and it was strongly positive in cells treated with 1.125% extract incorporated skin cream.
Conclusions: The cell viability, wound healing activity and genotoxicity results showed that S. platensis incorporated skin cream could be of potential value in cosmeceutical and biomedical applications.