A novel technique for conversion of DC power to AC power is introduced using solar powered sine w... more A novel technique for conversion of DC power to AC power is introduced using solar powered sine wave generation system is presented. DC power extracted from solar system is made utilitarian for driving the BLDC (brushless DC) motor with constant speed constraints. The back EMF signals of each phase of the BLDC motor facilitated the development of technique for the sine wave generation from solar system without battery backup. This motor is coupled with AC generator, which yields the AC power on demand. The constant speed constraint indispensable for fixed electrical frequency at the output of generator. A new control technique is rendered for reference tracking speed control of BLDC motor using Lyapunov theory by changing switching frequency, and also maintaining the voltage level at the output of converter driving BLDC by regulating the switching frequency of the zeta converter. The proposed methodology for generation of AC power from solar power system is also tested on prototype. The comparison of conventional technique for generation of sine wave power and proposed scheme is mentioned at later section of this paper for describing the efficacy of newly presented scheme.
Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Dec 31, 2019
The primary function of microgrid (MG) is to share the power accurately among different distribut... more The primary function of microgrid (MG) is to share the power accurately among different distributed generation (DG) units according to the load demands. The droop control methods are normally used for appropriate power sharing. However, these control techniques suffer badly due to the feeder impedances and uncontrollable power coupling issues. Many techniques have been proposed to share power accurately, most of them rely on communication link. In this work a localized/communication free signal generating mechanism is proposed. The mechanism injects the transient reactive power in frequency droop characteristics by observing the changes in microgrid. This injection disturbs the actual active power sharing which is helpful for the computation of reactive power sharing errors. These errors are minimized by utilizing the proportional integral (PI) controller. The PI controller modifies the y-intercept and the slop of Q-E (Reactive Power –Voltage) droop characteristic for the correction of reactive power sharing error. Moreover, the parameters of droop and PI controller of inner control loop are optimized by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to obtain high precision and reliability. The proposed technique has the following salient features:1. Accurately shares the reactive power without the information of feeder line impedances2. This accurate reactive power sharing scheme has been started locally without the need of communication signal from the central controller. Thus, there is no delay in monitoring the notable changes in microgrid caused by DGs. 3. The careful selection of PI & droop controller parameters through PSO makes the system more stable as compared to the conventional methods in terms of transients and steady state responses.
Microgrids normally perform function at fundamental frequency either fifty or sixty Hz. On the ot... more Microgrids normally perform function at fundamental frequency either fifty or sixty Hz. On the other hand, definite sorts of load produces current and voltage harmonics which rises the heat losses in the power system. These heat losses cause devices overheating, decrease network efficiency and raise the power costs. Moreover, Distributed Generation inverters (DGI) is expected to perform a significant role to minimize system losses, enhance power quality and efficiency of the network by applying a flexible control strategy. The basic objective of this work is to build such a modified droop controller that can share the harmonics current accurately and nullifies the voltage harmonic distortions in the existence of unequal feeder impedances and non-linear loads. Simulation results shows the proficiency of the presented methodology.
Renewable energy sources (RES) are well known sources for providing energy in distant regions. Th... more Renewable energy sources (RES) are well known sources for providing energy in distant regions. This is the reason that hybrid isolated power system (HIPS) is utilized which integrates solar energy and wind energy. Renewable energy (RE) relies on environmental conditions. The technologies such as batteries or diesel generator (DG) need to be employed to meet the load demand. Battery energy storage system (BESS) can diminish the limitation but this can add expense and intricacy to the system. DG is an excellent choice to meet load demand but it has certain limitations. Due to diesel load set point, excess RE generation is consumed via regulating devices such as dump load or BESS. As a result, systems designed for high RE penetration are now more complex, expensive, and wasteful. This study analyses low load diesel (LLD). It is a method for minimizing surplus generation hence decreasing system intricacy. It also reduces fuel utilization without causing the control architecture to becom...
International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems
Power System of the age has included remarkable contribution of distributed energy resources (DER... more Power System of the age has included remarkable contribution of distributed energy resources (DERs). This inclusion has opened new era of research and studies. Islanding detection has become one of the important events in power system that is to be detected precisely. This study introduces a single-parameter-based passive technique for islanding detection which has zero nondetection zone without involvement of any signal processing tool. The proposed technique is tested for various islanding and nonislanding events. The simulation results prove that the suggested technique detects islanding event accurately and it is capable of distinguishing islanding and nonislanding events by an economical and simpler method.
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Sep 1, 2020
Three-phase inverters are commonly employed in higher power industrial applications like UPS, con... more Three-phase inverters are commonly employed in higher power industrial applications like UPS, control of various motor, wind power conversion system as well as in different industrial processes. Three-phase switching inverter is a control electronics device that converts the direct supply (DC supply) into three-phase AC supply. In this paper, switching based 3- phase voltage source power electronic inverter is proposed with 3-different conduction modes. 3-phase switching inverter has been designed for the grid system in MATLAB Simulink. Three different modes of its operation 1200, 1500 and 1800 have been evaluated. Simulation results of the 3-phase inverter with filter and without filter have been presented & both line-to-line and line-to-neutral voltage waveform results are evaluated. The main objective of this research is to design an efficient power electronics inverter for domestic and industrial purposes and comparison of its different conduction modes like 1200, 1500 and 1800.
Pakistan journal of engineering & technology, 2020
Energy sector of Pakistan has never been up to the demand of the country due to inappropriate ene... more Energy sector of Pakistan has never been up to the demand of the country due to inappropriate energy management policies. The shortfall has been reaching to a nominal level of 4500 MW for more than 10 years. The economy of Pakistan has been dramatically affected and resulted in the shutdown of many industrial units. To manage this shortfall, electric supply companies had solely concerned the consumer end. Energy domain of Pakistan has confronted a rapid change by the mega-investment of more than 60 billion USD under the game-changing project of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). This project will boost the energy sector as half of the total capital of this project has been disbursed for the mitigation of shortfall and power crisis. The project has been started for the interests of both economies of both countries China and Pakistan. This research focused on the causes of the power crisis in Pakistan and how CPEC will boost of the energy sector and how our environment will be...
Pakistan journal of engineering & technology, 2020
Ideally, electric supplying companies are projected to convey sinusoidal voltage having the frequ... more Ideally, electric supplying companies are projected to convey sinusoidal voltage having the frequency of constant rate, while the consumers are expected to extract the current in sinusoidal forms with power factor nearly equal to unity. But extensive applications of equipment causing the production of harmonics in domestics and industrial appliances causes some problems in the smooth flow of current and voltage. Especially the usage of non-linear loads is causing the distortion of electric voltage and currents in the power system. Due to these non-sinusoidal flows of voltage and current (harmonics), the performance of overall system is disturbed. So, the detection and mitigation of harmonics is essential. In this research work detection and mitigation of harmonics voltage and currents caused by nonlinear loads using DFIG has been investigated. Multi-reference theory has been used for this purpose.
The incorporation of distributed energy resources (DERs) into the electricity grid yields environ... more The incorporation of distributed energy resources (DERs) into the electricity grid yields environmental, technical, and economic benefits. However, in addition to the benefits, the widespread use of DERs causes technical issues. Islanding is a big concern in terms of equipment protection and personnel safety, and it should be detected as soon as possible. The proposed approach employs a passive islanding detection technique based on reactive power (Q). The Q was chosen following a comparison of five other indices. Comparative analysis reveals that Q has the highest sensitivity and accuracy for islanding recognition when compared to all other observed parameters. Different case studies have been performed considering the worst-case scenario to check the working efficiency of the proposed scheme that simply distinguishes the islanding conditions from non-islanding conditions, which include load, motor, and capacitor switching, various types of fault switching, DG tripping cases, and w...
2019 International Symposium on Recent Advances in Electrical Engineering (RAEE), 2019
Microgrids normally perform function at fundamental frequency either fifty or sixty Hz. On the ot... more Microgrids normally perform function at fundamental frequency either fifty or sixty Hz. On the other hand, definite sorts of load produces current and voltage harmonics which rises the heat losses in the power system. These heat losses cause devices overheating, decrease network efficiency and raise the power costs. Moreover, Distributed Generation inverters (DGI) is expected to perform a significant role to minimize system losses, enhance power quality and efficiency of the network by applying a flexible control strategy. The basic objective of this work is to build such a modified droop controller that can share the harmonics current accurately and nullifies the voltage harmonic distortions in the existence of unequal feeder impedances and non-linear loads. Simulation results shows the proficiency of the presented methodology.
JOURNAL OF FACULTY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, 2018
The microgrid technology development and deployment is emerging widely throughout the world as fu... more The microgrid technology development and deployment is emerging widely throughout the world as future of power system. Microgrid connectivity with currently installed utility grids in our environment to gain required power parameters including resilience, reliability and quality is the core subject analyzed here. This research is based on analyzing various microgrids installed around the world and their usefulness to the customers. Present power supply setup for different small to medium size industries in Multan Industrial Estate through traditional utility grid has been studied. Integration of current power sources available for individual industrial units with microgrid has been studied.
2020 3rd International Conference on Computing, Mathematics and Engineering Technologies (iCoMET), 2020
Design arrangements for three ferrites integrated substrate surfaced magnetically resonance coupl... more Design arrangements for three ferrites integrated substrate surfaced magnetically resonance coupled (MRC) wire-less power transfer (WPT) model is presented. Their layout and simulated results are tested. Ferrite plate and core are incorporated with the proposed wireless power transfer system and achieved the efficiency from 16.6 % to 52 %. For small electronics devices, different ferrite designs and their effect on nearby metallic objects are observed and mitigated. Results show that defined Ferrite configuration is a best solution for confining electromagnetic field and reduce its effects by the foreign materials.
A novel technique for conversion of DC power to AC power is introduced using solar powered sine w... more A novel technique for conversion of DC power to AC power is introduced using solar powered sine wave generation system is presented. DC power extracted from solar system is made utilitarian for driving the BLDC (brushless DC) motor with constant speed constraints. The back EMF signals of each phase of the BLDC motor facilitated the development of technique for the sine wave generation from solar system without battery backup. This motor is coupled with AC generator, which yields the AC power on demand. The constant speed constraint indispensable for fixed electrical frequency at the output of generator. A new control technique is rendered for reference tracking speed control of BLDC motor using Lyapunov theory by changing switching frequency, and also maintaining the voltage level at the output of converter driving BLDC by regulating the switching frequency of the zeta converter. The proposed methodology for generation of AC power from solar power system is also tested on prototype. The comparison of conventional technique for generation of sine wave power and proposed scheme is mentioned at later section of this paper for describing the efficacy of newly presented scheme.
Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Dec 31, 2019
The primary function of microgrid (MG) is to share the power accurately among different distribut... more The primary function of microgrid (MG) is to share the power accurately among different distributed generation (DG) units according to the load demands. The droop control methods are normally used for appropriate power sharing. However, these control techniques suffer badly due to the feeder impedances and uncontrollable power coupling issues. Many techniques have been proposed to share power accurately, most of them rely on communication link. In this work a localized/communication free signal generating mechanism is proposed. The mechanism injects the transient reactive power in frequency droop characteristics by observing the changes in microgrid. This injection disturbs the actual active power sharing which is helpful for the computation of reactive power sharing errors. These errors are minimized by utilizing the proportional integral (PI) controller. The PI controller modifies the y-intercept and the slop of Q-E (Reactive Power –Voltage) droop characteristic for the correction of reactive power sharing error. Moreover, the parameters of droop and PI controller of inner control loop are optimized by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to obtain high precision and reliability. The proposed technique has the following salient features:1. Accurately shares the reactive power without the information of feeder line impedances2. This accurate reactive power sharing scheme has been started locally without the need of communication signal from the central controller. Thus, there is no delay in monitoring the notable changes in microgrid caused by DGs. 3. The careful selection of PI & droop controller parameters through PSO makes the system more stable as compared to the conventional methods in terms of transients and steady state responses.
Microgrids normally perform function at fundamental frequency either fifty or sixty Hz. On the ot... more Microgrids normally perform function at fundamental frequency either fifty or sixty Hz. On the other hand, definite sorts of load produces current and voltage harmonics which rises the heat losses in the power system. These heat losses cause devices overheating, decrease network efficiency and raise the power costs. Moreover, Distributed Generation inverters (DGI) is expected to perform a significant role to minimize system losses, enhance power quality and efficiency of the network by applying a flexible control strategy. The basic objective of this work is to build such a modified droop controller that can share the harmonics current accurately and nullifies the voltage harmonic distortions in the existence of unequal feeder impedances and non-linear loads. Simulation results shows the proficiency of the presented methodology.
Renewable energy sources (RES) are well known sources for providing energy in distant regions. Th... more Renewable energy sources (RES) are well known sources for providing energy in distant regions. This is the reason that hybrid isolated power system (HIPS) is utilized which integrates solar energy and wind energy. Renewable energy (RE) relies on environmental conditions. The technologies such as batteries or diesel generator (DG) need to be employed to meet the load demand. Battery energy storage system (BESS) can diminish the limitation but this can add expense and intricacy to the system. DG is an excellent choice to meet load demand but it has certain limitations. Due to diesel load set point, excess RE generation is consumed via regulating devices such as dump load or BESS. As a result, systems designed for high RE penetration are now more complex, expensive, and wasteful. This study analyses low load diesel (LLD). It is a method for minimizing surplus generation hence decreasing system intricacy. It also reduces fuel utilization without causing the control architecture to becom...
International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems
Power System of the age has included remarkable contribution of distributed energy resources (DER... more Power System of the age has included remarkable contribution of distributed energy resources (DERs). This inclusion has opened new era of research and studies. Islanding detection has become one of the important events in power system that is to be detected precisely. This study introduces a single-parameter-based passive technique for islanding detection which has zero nondetection zone without involvement of any signal processing tool. The proposed technique is tested for various islanding and nonislanding events. The simulation results prove that the suggested technique detects islanding event accurately and it is capable of distinguishing islanding and nonislanding events by an economical and simpler method.
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Sep 1, 2020
Three-phase inverters are commonly employed in higher power industrial applications like UPS, con... more Three-phase inverters are commonly employed in higher power industrial applications like UPS, control of various motor, wind power conversion system as well as in different industrial processes. Three-phase switching inverter is a control electronics device that converts the direct supply (DC supply) into three-phase AC supply. In this paper, switching based 3- phase voltage source power electronic inverter is proposed with 3-different conduction modes. 3-phase switching inverter has been designed for the grid system in MATLAB Simulink. Three different modes of its operation 1200, 1500 and 1800 have been evaluated. Simulation results of the 3-phase inverter with filter and without filter have been presented & both line-to-line and line-to-neutral voltage waveform results are evaluated. The main objective of this research is to design an efficient power electronics inverter for domestic and industrial purposes and comparison of its different conduction modes like 1200, 1500 and 1800.
Pakistan journal of engineering & technology, 2020
Energy sector of Pakistan has never been up to the demand of the country due to inappropriate ene... more Energy sector of Pakistan has never been up to the demand of the country due to inappropriate energy management policies. The shortfall has been reaching to a nominal level of 4500 MW for more than 10 years. The economy of Pakistan has been dramatically affected and resulted in the shutdown of many industrial units. To manage this shortfall, electric supply companies had solely concerned the consumer end. Energy domain of Pakistan has confronted a rapid change by the mega-investment of more than 60 billion USD under the game-changing project of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). This project will boost the energy sector as half of the total capital of this project has been disbursed for the mitigation of shortfall and power crisis. The project has been started for the interests of both economies of both countries China and Pakistan. This research focused on the causes of the power crisis in Pakistan and how CPEC will boost of the energy sector and how our environment will be...
Pakistan journal of engineering & technology, 2020
Ideally, electric supplying companies are projected to convey sinusoidal voltage having the frequ... more Ideally, electric supplying companies are projected to convey sinusoidal voltage having the frequency of constant rate, while the consumers are expected to extract the current in sinusoidal forms with power factor nearly equal to unity. But extensive applications of equipment causing the production of harmonics in domestics and industrial appliances causes some problems in the smooth flow of current and voltage. Especially the usage of non-linear loads is causing the distortion of electric voltage and currents in the power system. Due to these non-sinusoidal flows of voltage and current (harmonics), the performance of overall system is disturbed. So, the detection and mitigation of harmonics is essential. In this research work detection and mitigation of harmonics voltage and currents caused by nonlinear loads using DFIG has been investigated. Multi-reference theory has been used for this purpose.
The incorporation of distributed energy resources (DERs) into the electricity grid yields environ... more The incorporation of distributed energy resources (DERs) into the electricity grid yields environmental, technical, and economic benefits. However, in addition to the benefits, the widespread use of DERs causes technical issues. Islanding is a big concern in terms of equipment protection and personnel safety, and it should be detected as soon as possible. The proposed approach employs a passive islanding detection technique based on reactive power (Q). The Q was chosen following a comparison of five other indices. Comparative analysis reveals that Q has the highest sensitivity and accuracy for islanding recognition when compared to all other observed parameters. Different case studies have been performed considering the worst-case scenario to check the working efficiency of the proposed scheme that simply distinguishes the islanding conditions from non-islanding conditions, which include load, motor, and capacitor switching, various types of fault switching, DG tripping cases, and w...
2019 International Symposium on Recent Advances in Electrical Engineering (RAEE), 2019
Microgrids normally perform function at fundamental frequency either fifty or sixty Hz. On the ot... more Microgrids normally perform function at fundamental frequency either fifty or sixty Hz. On the other hand, definite sorts of load produces current and voltage harmonics which rises the heat losses in the power system. These heat losses cause devices overheating, decrease network efficiency and raise the power costs. Moreover, Distributed Generation inverters (DGI) is expected to perform a significant role to minimize system losses, enhance power quality and efficiency of the network by applying a flexible control strategy. The basic objective of this work is to build such a modified droop controller that can share the harmonics current accurately and nullifies the voltage harmonic distortions in the existence of unequal feeder impedances and non-linear loads. Simulation results shows the proficiency of the presented methodology.
JOURNAL OF FACULTY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, 2018
The microgrid technology development and deployment is emerging widely throughout the world as fu... more The microgrid technology development and deployment is emerging widely throughout the world as future of power system. Microgrid connectivity with currently installed utility grids in our environment to gain required power parameters including resilience, reliability and quality is the core subject analyzed here. This research is based on analyzing various microgrids installed around the world and their usefulness to the customers. Present power supply setup for different small to medium size industries in Multan Industrial Estate through traditional utility grid has been studied. Integration of current power sources available for individual industrial units with microgrid has been studied.
2020 3rd International Conference on Computing, Mathematics and Engineering Technologies (iCoMET), 2020
Design arrangements for three ferrites integrated substrate surfaced magnetically resonance coupl... more Design arrangements for three ferrites integrated substrate surfaced magnetically resonance coupled (MRC) wire-less power transfer (WPT) model is presented. Their layout and simulated results are tested. Ferrite plate and core are incorporated with the proposed wireless power transfer system and achieved the efficiency from 16.6 % to 52 %. For small electronics devices, different ferrite designs and their effect on nearby metallic objects are observed and mitigated. Results show that defined Ferrite configuration is a best solution for confining electromagnetic field and reduce its effects by the foreign materials.
Uploads
Papers