1) Determine if higher doses of motor therapy in chronic post-stroke hemiparesis result in better... more 1) Determine if higher doses of motor therapy in chronic post-stroke hemiparesis result in better outcomes compared to lower doses, and 2) Evaluate potential modifiers of the dose-response relationship. Eighty-five adults with UE paresis ≥ 6 months after stroke were randomized to one of four dose groups in this single-blind, parallel, RCT. The dosing parameter manipulated was amount of task-specific training, as indexed by the number of task repetitions. Groups received 3200, 6400, 9600, or Individualized Maximum (IM) repetitions, during 1 hr sessions, 4 days/week for 8 weeks. The intervention was an individualized, progressive task-specific upper limb training program designed to improve upper limb functional motor capacity. The primary outcome was the slope of the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) during the intervention. Effects of dose and potential modifiers of the dose-response relationship were evaluated with hierarchical linear models. ARAT scores for the 3200, 9600, and IM ...
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 03610730500326481, Feb 23, 2007
The few studies that have examined verbal discourse in both young and older adults have yielded i... more The few studies that have examined verbal discourse in both young and older adults have yielded inconsistent results with respect to talkativeness and story quality. The disparity may arise from methodological differences. In this study the authors examined word count, irrelevant utterances, and ratings of quality of stories told by 24 young (mean age = 19.21) and 24 old (mean age = 72.13) adults. The authors found minimal age differences. A separate sample of 10 young and 10 older adults of ages similar to those of the storytellers read and rated all the stories. Raters were highly variable in their subjective evaluations of story quality, although satisfactory generalizability coefficients can be achieved with a sufficiently large number of raters. Most studies of discourse quality, however, use few raters, which produces unreliable measurement that can contribute to the inconsistent results reported in the literature.
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 00207149108409616, Jan 31, 2008
3 types of "posthypnotic suggestion," based upon factor analytic studies, were ... more 3 types of "posthypnotic suggestion," based upon factor analytic studies, were administered to high hypnotizable Ss (reals) and to low hypnotizable Ss instructed to simulate hypnosis (simulators) (N = 12 high and 6 low hypnotizable Ss per suggestion). The "posthypnotic suggestions" consisted of instructions given to Ss following a hypnotic induction that, when the posthypnotic cue was later given, they would re-enter the hypnotic state and perform a certain task at that time. Ss were then tested 6 times for durability of "posthypnotic response" during an 8-week period. Responses to the "suggestions" were rated by research assistants (objective scores) and by Ss themselves (subjective scores). There was a significant Trials x Type of "Suggestion" interaction for both types of scores for the reals but not for the simulators, indicating different rates of decline with time for the different "suggestions" for the hypnotic Ss. Depth of reported hypnotic trance during the assessment sessions was found to be strongly related to performance of the "posthypnotic suggestion" for both real and simulating Ss.
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 00223980109603708, Apr 2, 2010
Two comparable samples of college men and women from 1966 and 1996 were compared using the Kurtz ... more Two comparable samples of college men and women from 1966 and 1996 were compared using the Kurtz Body Attitude Scale (BAS; R. M. Kurtz, 1966). As predicted, women in 1996 reported a significantly more negative body attitude than women in 1966 did. No significant differences in the 2 samples of men were found. With the 1996 sample, the relationship between body attitude and self-esteem was also examined using Marsh's Self-Description Questionnaire-III (SDQ-III; H. W. Marsh & R. O'Neill, 1984). There was a significant relationship between body attitude and general self-esteem, and there were also complex gender differences in the relationships of various SDQ-III facets to body attitudes.
... Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 4, 200-206. Kirk, RE (1968). Experimental design:... more ... Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 4, 200-206. Kirk, RE (1968). Experimental design: Procedures for the behavioral sciences. ... Psychological perspectives on the Type A behavior pattern. Psychological Bulletin, 91, 293-323. Matthews, KA, & Brunson, BI (1979). ...
While interest in hypnotic time perception dates back to the 19th century (St. Jean, 1989) only r... more While interest in hypnotic time perception dates back to the 19th century (St. Jean, 1989) only recently have researchers focused on hypnosis and time estimation under more controlled conditions. Following the work of Jasinski (1986) and Mozenter and Kurtz (1992) we predicted a 2-way interaction between Group (high hypnotizable, low hypnotizable, and simulator) and Condition (waking, hypnotized) across 3 time intervals (30, 60, and 120 seconds). It was further hypothesized that "filled" intervals (with white noise) would be perceived as longer than "empty" intervals across all conditions. Sixty-two undergraduates were screened on the Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale: Form C and verbally estimated time intervals of 30, 60, and 120 seconds, 5 times each, both while in a waking and a hypnotic condition. Support was found for the predicted 2-way interaction for women only. High hypnotizable women showed a significant increase in overestimation from the waking to hypnosis condition, men did not. The predicted difference between "filled" versus "empty" intervals was not found.
It is unknown if low back pain (LBP) outcomes are enhanced by classification-specific treatment b... more It is unknown if low back pain (LBP) outcomes are enhanced by classification-specific treatment based on the Movement System Impairment classification system. The moderating effect of adherence to treatment also is unknown. Compare the efficacy of a classification-specific treatment (CS) and a non classification-specific (NCs) treatment and examine the moderating effect of adherence on outcomes. 2 center, 2 parallel group, prospective, randomized, clinical trial. Participants with chronic LBP were classified and randomized. Self-report data was obtained at baseline, post-treatment, and 6 and 12 months post-treatment. The primary outcome was the modified Oswestry Disability Index (mODI; 0-100%). Treatment effect modifiers were exercise adherence and performance training adherence. An intention to treat approach and hierarchical linear modeling were used. 47 people received CS treatment, 54 people received NCs treatment. Treatment groups did not differ in mODI scores (p > 0.05). For both groups, scores improved with treatment (p < 0.05), plateaued at 6 months (p > 0.05), and minimally regressed at 12 months (p < 0.05). Performance training adherence had a unique, independent effect on mODI scores above and beyond the effect of exercise adherence (p < 0.05). There were no treatment group effects on the relationship between mODI scores and the two types of adherence (p < 0.05). There were no differences in function between the two treatment groups (CS and NCs). In both treatment groups, people with chronic LBP displayed clinically important long-term improvements in function. When both forms of adherence were considered, the improvements were uniquely related to adherence to performance training.
Past research has established clear behavioral differences between Type A and B individuals. The ... more Past research has established clear behavioral differences between Type A and B individuals. The purpose of our research was to examine how these behavioral differences are represented in the self-definitions of Type As and Bs. We investigated the existence of Type A and B self-schemata by using two tasks designed to measure the influence of these hypothetical structures on speed of processing and memory interference. During an initial task, Type As and Bs made self-relevant decisions (like me, not like me) in response to trait adjectives previously scaled as Type A, Type B, or neutral in content. Reaction times for the decisions were measured, and results indicated that both Type As and Bs made faster decisions for schema-compatible responses than for schema-incompatible responses. On a second task, Type As and Bs were tested for recognition memory after they attempted to memorize half of the aforementioned trait list. Memory errors were examined and indicated that Type As and Bs made more errors that were compatible with their respective self-schemata. Taken together, these results indicate that a Type A and B distinction forms a reliable organizing framework for the self-definitions of Type As and Bs. The existence of stable cognitive structures that parallel the behavioral differences between Type As and Bs has important implications for both theory and application.
1) Determine if higher doses of motor therapy in chronic post-stroke hemiparesis result in better... more 1) Determine if higher doses of motor therapy in chronic post-stroke hemiparesis result in better outcomes compared to lower doses, and 2) Evaluate potential modifiers of the dose-response relationship. Eighty-five adults with UE paresis ≥ 6 months after stroke were randomized to one of four dose groups in this single-blind, parallel, RCT. The dosing parameter manipulated was amount of task-specific training, as indexed by the number of task repetitions. Groups received 3200, 6400, 9600, or Individualized Maximum (IM) repetitions, during 1 hr sessions, 4 days/week for 8 weeks. The intervention was an individualized, progressive task-specific upper limb training program designed to improve upper limb functional motor capacity. The primary outcome was the slope of the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) during the intervention. Effects of dose and potential modifiers of the dose-response relationship were evaluated with hierarchical linear models. ARAT scores for the 3200, 9600, and IM ...
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 03610730500326481, Feb 23, 2007
The few studies that have examined verbal discourse in both young and older adults have yielded i... more The few studies that have examined verbal discourse in both young and older adults have yielded inconsistent results with respect to talkativeness and story quality. The disparity may arise from methodological differences. In this study the authors examined word count, irrelevant utterances, and ratings of quality of stories told by 24 young (mean age = 19.21) and 24 old (mean age = 72.13) adults. The authors found minimal age differences. A separate sample of 10 young and 10 older adults of ages similar to those of the storytellers read and rated all the stories. Raters were highly variable in their subjective evaluations of story quality, although satisfactory generalizability coefficients can be achieved with a sufficiently large number of raters. Most studies of discourse quality, however, use few raters, which produces unreliable measurement that can contribute to the inconsistent results reported in the literature.
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 00207149108409616, Jan 31, 2008
3 types of "posthypnotic suggestion," based upon factor analytic studies, were ... more 3 types of "posthypnotic suggestion," based upon factor analytic studies, were administered to high hypnotizable Ss (reals) and to low hypnotizable Ss instructed to simulate hypnosis (simulators) (N = 12 high and 6 low hypnotizable Ss per suggestion). The "posthypnotic suggestions" consisted of instructions given to Ss following a hypnotic induction that, when the posthypnotic cue was later given, they would re-enter the hypnotic state and perform a certain task at that time. Ss were then tested 6 times for durability of "posthypnotic response" during an 8-week period. Responses to the "suggestions" were rated by research assistants (objective scores) and by Ss themselves (subjective scores). There was a significant Trials x Type of "Suggestion" interaction for both types of scores for the reals but not for the simulators, indicating different rates of decline with time for the different "suggestions" for the hypnotic Ss. Depth of reported hypnotic trance during the assessment sessions was found to be strongly related to performance of the "posthypnotic suggestion" for both real and simulating Ss.
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 00223980109603708, Apr 2, 2010
Two comparable samples of college men and women from 1966 and 1996 were compared using the Kurtz ... more Two comparable samples of college men and women from 1966 and 1996 were compared using the Kurtz Body Attitude Scale (BAS; R. M. Kurtz, 1966). As predicted, women in 1996 reported a significantly more negative body attitude than women in 1966 did. No significant differences in the 2 samples of men were found. With the 1996 sample, the relationship between body attitude and self-esteem was also examined using Marsh's Self-Description Questionnaire-III (SDQ-III; H. W. Marsh & R. O'Neill, 1984). There was a significant relationship between body attitude and general self-esteem, and there were also complex gender differences in the relationships of various SDQ-III facets to body attitudes.
... Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 4, 200-206. Kirk, RE (1968). Experimental design:... more ... Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 4, 200-206. Kirk, RE (1968). Experimental design: Procedures for the behavioral sciences. ... Psychological perspectives on the Type A behavior pattern. Psychological Bulletin, 91, 293-323. Matthews, KA, & Brunson, BI (1979). ...
While interest in hypnotic time perception dates back to the 19th century (St. Jean, 1989) only r... more While interest in hypnotic time perception dates back to the 19th century (St. Jean, 1989) only recently have researchers focused on hypnosis and time estimation under more controlled conditions. Following the work of Jasinski (1986) and Mozenter and Kurtz (1992) we predicted a 2-way interaction between Group (high hypnotizable, low hypnotizable, and simulator) and Condition (waking, hypnotized) across 3 time intervals (30, 60, and 120 seconds). It was further hypothesized that "filled" intervals (with white noise) would be perceived as longer than "empty" intervals across all conditions. Sixty-two undergraduates were screened on the Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale: Form C and verbally estimated time intervals of 30, 60, and 120 seconds, 5 times each, both while in a waking and a hypnotic condition. Support was found for the predicted 2-way interaction for women only. High hypnotizable women showed a significant increase in overestimation from the waking to hypnosis condition, men did not. The predicted difference between "filled" versus "empty" intervals was not found.
It is unknown if low back pain (LBP) outcomes are enhanced by classification-specific treatment b... more It is unknown if low back pain (LBP) outcomes are enhanced by classification-specific treatment based on the Movement System Impairment classification system. The moderating effect of adherence to treatment also is unknown. Compare the efficacy of a classification-specific treatment (CS) and a non classification-specific (NCs) treatment and examine the moderating effect of adherence on outcomes. 2 center, 2 parallel group, prospective, randomized, clinical trial. Participants with chronic LBP were classified and randomized. Self-report data was obtained at baseline, post-treatment, and 6 and 12 months post-treatment. The primary outcome was the modified Oswestry Disability Index (mODI; 0-100%). Treatment effect modifiers were exercise adherence and performance training adherence. An intention to treat approach and hierarchical linear modeling were used. 47 people received CS treatment, 54 people received NCs treatment. Treatment groups did not differ in mODI scores (p > 0.05). For both groups, scores improved with treatment (p < 0.05), plateaued at 6 months (p > 0.05), and minimally regressed at 12 months (p < 0.05). Performance training adherence had a unique, independent effect on mODI scores above and beyond the effect of exercise adherence (p < 0.05). There were no treatment group effects on the relationship between mODI scores and the two types of adherence (p < 0.05). There were no differences in function between the two treatment groups (CS and NCs). In both treatment groups, people with chronic LBP displayed clinically important long-term improvements in function. When both forms of adherence were considered, the improvements were uniquely related to adherence to performance training.
Past research has established clear behavioral differences between Type A and B individuals. The ... more Past research has established clear behavioral differences between Type A and B individuals. The purpose of our research was to examine how these behavioral differences are represented in the self-definitions of Type As and Bs. We investigated the existence of Type A and B self-schemata by using two tasks designed to measure the influence of these hypothetical structures on speed of processing and memory interference. During an initial task, Type As and Bs made self-relevant decisions (like me, not like me) in response to trait adjectives previously scaled as Type A, Type B, or neutral in content. Reaction times for the decisions were measured, and results indicated that both Type As and Bs made faster decisions for schema-compatible responses than for schema-incompatible responses. On a second task, Type As and Bs were tested for recognition memory after they attempted to memorize half of the aforementioned trait list. Memory errors were examined and indicated that Type As and Bs made more errors that were compatible with their respective self-schemata. Taken together, these results indicate that a Type A and B distinction forms a reliable organizing framework for the self-definitions of Type As and Bs. The existence of stable cognitive structures that parallel the behavioral differences between Type As and Bs has important implications for both theory and application.
Uploads