Despite extensive research and excavations across the central Balkans, Early Holocene sites have ... more Despite extensive research and excavations across the central Balkans, Early Holocene sites have so far been documented only in the Iron Gates region – for which there are several possible explanations. Some scholars argue that the apparent lack of Mesolithic sites is due to inadequate research efforts in the region, while others suggest that the ecological conditions in the central Balkans during the Early Holocene may not have been favourable to the subsistence of hunter-gatherer communities. Contrary to previous beliefs, recent investigations of caves in eastern Serbia have revealed that humans inhabited the region during the Mesolithic. Traces of settlement of Mesolithic groups, dating back to the 7th millennium cal BC and employing comparable technology and economic practices to Mesolithic communities in other parts of the Balkan Peninsula, have been documented at the Pešterija Cave, situated south of Pirot in southeastern Serbia. The fact that the site is located relatively close to the oldest Neolithic sites in the Iron Gates and northwest Bulgaria, and is potentially contemporaneous with them, offers a completely new perspective on the transition from the Mesolithic to the Neolithic in this part of the Balkans.
UDC 551.44(497.16) Mirela Djurović & Predrag Djurović: Review of the most significant caves in Mo... more UDC 551.44(497.16) Mirela Djurović & Predrag Djurović: Review of the most significant caves in Montenegro The most significant caves in Montenegro were distinguished in response to their physical-geographic, biological, archeological and morphometric characteristics (length and depth). Caves distribute in four distinctive regions: coastal karst, karst plateau (relict valley system), fluvial karst (recent hydrologic systems) and the high mountainous karst area. The most outstanding within the last, due to abundances of the major caves with depths from a few hundred meters to 1,162 m, are four mountain regions: Mt. Durmitor, Mt. Lovćen-Orjen, Mt. Maganik and Mt. Bjelič.
The Moracke Planine Mountains, situated in the central part of Montenegro, were the center of int... more The Moracke Planine Mountains, situated in the central part of Montenegro, were the center of intensive Pleistocene glaciation. Specific type of moraines - hummocky ones, which have not been recorded in the southeastern Dinarides up to now, were recently identified and investigated in western part of the Moracke Planine Mts. Moraine material accumulated on limestone basement, where several tens of irregularly distributed hummocks and similar number of bowl-shaped dolines have been carved already. The hummocky moraines formed in the glaciokarst landscape where the well-developed karst morphology has been shaped before glaciation. Pre-glacial karst morphology determined the direction of glacier movement as well as its main morphological characteristics (thickness and width). During the most intensive glaciation phase (?IS 12) the Lukavicko-lukovski Glacier, spread out from the central part of mountain towards west, reaching a length of 16.5 km. Due to uneven glacier thickness, the deg...
This paper provides the insight into morpho-hydrologic characteristics and speleogenesis of the J... more This paper provides the insight into morpho-hydrologic characteristics and speleogenesis of the Jankova pecina cave and the evolution of karst in the nearby vicinity. Phases in cave evolution, which represents the alternation of accumulative and erosion processes, were analysed. Clogging of existed conduits during the first accumulative phase leads to displacement of the Janko's creek abyss and formation of another entrance along with new, deeper storaged conduits. The strewed parts of the cave were exposed to partial removal of sediments what resulted in exhumation of its oldest products. The opening of the quite new entrance (vigled) during the opposite process and phase of clogging the endure air circulation inside the cave has been changed. As the consequence, the asymmetric forms of stalactites and stalagmites formed. Study of the Jankova pecina cave represents a contribution to better knowledge of accumulative processes as a significant speleogenetic factor.
Montenegro is located in the Balkan Penninsula, which is extremely mountainous country. More than... more Montenegro is located in the Balkan Penninsula, which is extremely mountainous country. More than two thirds of the total area is mountainous. There are four macro relief units in the mountain area: mountain plains, valleys (canyons and gorges), basins, and mountains. A very dynamic physical geographic basis (geology, geomorphology, climate, hydrology) enabled the diversity and rich natural potential resorts to be formed in the mountain area in Montenegro. In the past 50 years, new industries have appeared: mining, metallurgy, energy production, traffic, and tourism, and their development has led to endangered, devastated, and polluted environments in the mountain area of Montenegro.
Despite extensive research and excavations across the central Balkans, Early Holocene sites have ... more Despite extensive research and excavations across the central Balkans, Early Holocene sites have so far been documented only in the Iron Gates region – for which there are several possible explanations. Some scholars argue that the apparent lack of Mesolithic sites is due to inadequate research efforts in the region, while others suggest that the ecological conditions in the central Balkans during the Early Holocene may not have been favourable to the subsistence of hunter-gatherer communities. Contrary to previous beliefs, recent investigations of caves in eastern Serbia have revealed that humans inhabited the region during the Mesolithic. Traces of settlement of Mesolithic groups, dating back to the 7th millennium cal BC and employing comparable technology and economic practices to Mesolithic communities in other parts of the Balkan Peninsula, have been documented at the Pešterija Cave, situated south of Pirot in southeastern Serbia. The fact that the site is located relatively close to the oldest Neolithic sites in the Iron Gates and northwest Bulgaria, and is potentially contemporaneous with them, offers a completely new perspective on the transition from the Mesolithic to the Neolithic in this part of the Balkans.
UDC 551.44(497.16) Mirela Djurović & Predrag Djurović: Review of the most significant caves in Mo... more UDC 551.44(497.16) Mirela Djurović & Predrag Djurović: Review of the most significant caves in Montenegro The most significant caves in Montenegro were distinguished in response to their physical-geographic, biological, archeological and morphometric characteristics (length and depth). Caves distribute in four distinctive regions: coastal karst, karst plateau (relict valley system), fluvial karst (recent hydrologic systems) and the high mountainous karst area. The most outstanding within the last, due to abundances of the major caves with depths from a few hundred meters to 1,162 m, are four mountain regions: Mt. Durmitor, Mt. Lovćen-Orjen, Mt. Maganik and Mt. Bjelič.
The Moracke Planine Mountains, situated in the central part of Montenegro, were the center of int... more The Moracke Planine Mountains, situated in the central part of Montenegro, were the center of intensive Pleistocene glaciation. Specific type of moraines - hummocky ones, which have not been recorded in the southeastern Dinarides up to now, were recently identified and investigated in western part of the Moracke Planine Mts. Moraine material accumulated on limestone basement, where several tens of irregularly distributed hummocks and similar number of bowl-shaped dolines have been carved already. The hummocky moraines formed in the glaciokarst landscape where the well-developed karst morphology has been shaped before glaciation. Pre-glacial karst morphology determined the direction of glacier movement as well as its main morphological characteristics (thickness and width). During the most intensive glaciation phase (?IS 12) the Lukavicko-lukovski Glacier, spread out from the central part of mountain towards west, reaching a length of 16.5 km. Due to uneven glacier thickness, the deg...
This paper provides the insight into morpho-hydrologic characteristics and speleogenesis of the J... more This paper provides the insight into morpho-hydrologic characteristics and speleogenesis of the Jankova pecina cave and the evolution of karst in the nearby vicinity. Phases in cave evolution, which represents the alternation of accumulative and erosion processes, were analysed. Clogging of existed conduits during the first accumulative phase leads to displacement of the Janko's creek abyss and formation of another entrance along with new, deeper storaged conduits. The strewed parts of the cave were exposed to partial removal of sediments what resulted in exhumation of its oldest products. The opening of the quite new entrance (vigled) during the opposite process and phase of clogging the endure air circulation inside the cave has been changed. As the consequence, the asymmetric forms of stalactites and stalagmites formed. Study of the Jankova pecina cave represents a contribution to better knowledge of accumulative processes as a significant speleogenetic factor.
Montenegro is located in the Balkan Penninsula, which is extremely mountainous country. More than... more Montenegro is located in the Balkan Penninsula, which is extremely mountainous country. More than two thirds of the total area is mountainous. There are four macro relief units in the mountain area: mountain plains, valleys (canyons and gorges), basins, and mountains. A very dynamic physical geographic basis (geology, geomorphology, climate, hydrology) enabled the diversity and rich natural potential resorts to be formed in the mountain area in Montenegro. In the past 50 years, new industries have appeared: mining, metallurgy, energy production, traffic, and tourism, and their development has led to endangered, devastated, and polluted environments in the mountain area of Montenegro.
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