Proso millet has been proposed as an effective anti-diabetic food thanks to the combined action of polyphenols and starch. This study aimed to characterize the chemical composition of twenty-five accessions, in order to enhance this... more
Proso millet has been proposed as an effective anti-diabetic food thanks to the combined action of polyphenols and starch. This study aimed to characterize the chemical composition of twenty-five accessions, in order to enhance this cereal as an alternative to available starch for food applications or to propose new food ingredients with health benefits. Proso millet contained a high percentage of starch, reaching values of 58.51%. The amylose content showed high variability, with values ranging from 1.36 to 42.70%, and significantly higher values were recorded for the white accessions than for the colored ones. High-resistant starch content (13.41–26.07%) was also found. The HPLC-MS analysis showed the same phenolic pattern in all the samples. Cinnamic acids are the most abundant compounds and significant differences in their total content were found (0.69 to 1.35 mg/g DW), while flavonoids were only detected in trace amounts. Statistical results showed significantly higher antirad...
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BACKGROUND: The 2 sarcomere genes most commonly associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), MYBPC3 (myosin-binding protein C3) and MYH7 (β-myosin heavy chain), are indistinguishable at presentation, and genotype-phenotype... more
BACKGROUND: The 2 sarcomere genes most commonly associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), MYBPC3 (myosin-binding protein C3) and MYH7 (β-myosin heavy chain), are indistinguishable at presentation, and genotype-phenotype correlations have been elusive. Based on molecular and pathophysiological differences, however, it is plausible to hypothesize a different behavior in myocardial performance, impacting lifetime changes in left ventricular (LV) function. METHODS: We reviewed the initial and final echocardiograms of 402 consecutive HCM patients with pathogenic or likely pathogenic MYBPC3 (n=251) or MYH7 (n=151) mutations, followed over 9±8 years. RESULTS: At presentation, MYBPC3 patients were less frequently obstructive (15% versus 26%; P =0.005) and had lower LV ejection fraction compared with MYH7 (66±8% versus 68±8%, respectively; P =0.03). Both HCM patients harboring MYBPC3 and MYH7 mutations exhibited a small but significant decline in LV systolic function during follow-u...
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By adopting a dyadic extension of the Theory of Planned Behavior (Ajzen, 1991), this study examined whether perceived economic uncertainty affects fertility intentions. Three-hundred thirty one heterosexual couples living in Italy... more
By adopting a dyadic extension of the Theory of Planned Behavior (Ajzen, 1991), this study examined whether perceived economic uncertainty affects fertility intentions. Three-hundred thirty one heterosexual couples living in Italy participated in a randomized between-group experimental study, in which we manipulated perceived economic uncertainty (low vs. high vs. control). The participants subsequently completed a questionnaire measuring their attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and fertility intentions. We employed Structural Equation Modelling in estimating the Actor–Partner Interdependence Model. The model showed a good fit to the data. Women’s attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control were influenced by the high economic uncertain scenario, whereas among men these variables were affected only by the positive economic scenario. Attitudes and perceived behavioral control were significant predictors of fertility intentions for both sexes....
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BackgroundSudden cardiac arrest (SCA) in young people represents a dramatic event, often leading to severe neurologic outcomes or sudden cardiac death (SCD), and is frequently caused by genetic heart diseases. In this study, we report the... more
BackgroundSudden cardiac arrest (SCA) in young people represents a dramatic event, often leading to severe neurologic outcomes or sudden cardiac death (SCD), and is frequently caused by genetic heart diseases. In this study, we report the results of the Tuscany registry of sudden cardiac death (ToRSADE) registry, aimed at monitoring the incidence and investigating the genetic basis of SCA and SCD occurring in subjects < 50 years of age in Tuscany, Italy.Methods and resultsCreation of the ToRSADE registry allowed implementation of a repository for clinical, molecular and genetic data. For 22 patients, in whom a genetic substrate was documented or suspected, blood samples could be analyzed; 14 were collected at autopsy and 8 from resuscitated patients after SCA. Next generation sequencing (NGS) analysis revealed likely pathogenetic (LP) variants associated with cardiomyopathy (CM) or channelopathy in four patients (19%), while 17 (81%) carried variants of uncertain significance in ...
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Nowadays, new technologies have favored communication among scholars from different universities and countries, and huge amount of data and scientific works have become more and more accessible. This has led to an increase in the... more
Nowadays, new technologies have favored communication among scholars from different universities and countries, and huge amount of data and scientific works have become more and more accessible. This has led to an increase in the multidisciplinarity of research products, but often also to a more specialized level of knowledge of the scholars. Therefore, while belonging to the same disciplinary field, scholars may present different working styles and willingness to collaborate according to their specific topics of interest. This plays a particularly relevant role in Italy, where tenured scholars in academic institutions are classified in sub-fields that, in turn, may be aggregated for purposes of recruitment and career advancement. Aim of this contribution is to propose a methodological approach to understand if the work and collaborative style of academic scholars belonging to different sub-fields is really so similar as to justify their grouping. For illustrative purposes, we focus...
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In the context of higher education, the wide availability of data gathered by universities for administrative purposes or for recording the evolution of students’ learning processes makes novel data mining techniques particularly useful... more
In the context of higher education, the wide availability of data gathered by universities for administrative purposes or for recording the evolution of students’ learning processes makes novel data mining techniques particularly useful to tackle critical issues. In Italy, current academic regulations allow students to customize the chronological sequence of courses they have to attend to obtain the final degree. This leads to a variety of sequences of exams, with an average time taken to obtain the degree that may significantly differ from the time established by law. In this contribution, we propose a mixture hidden Markov model to classify students into groups that are homogenous in terms of university paths, with the aim of detecting bottlenecks in the academic career and improving students’ performance.
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Anticoagulants reduce embolic risk in atrial fibrillation (AF), despite increasing hemorrhagic risk. In this context, validity of congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥ 75 years, diabetes, stroke, vascular disease, age 65–74 years... more
Anticoagulants reduce embolic risk in atrial fibrillation (AF), despite increasing hemorrhagic risk. In this context, validity of congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥ 75 years, diabetes, stroke, vascular disease, age 65–74 years and sex category (CHA2DS2-VASc) and hypertension, abnormal renal/liver function, stroke, bleeding history or predisposition, labile international normalized ratio, elderly, drugs/alcohol concomitantly (HAS–BLED) scales, used to respectively evaluate thrombotic and hemorrhagic risks, is incomplete. In patients with AF, brain MRI has led to the increased detection of “asymptomatic” brain changes, particularly those related to small vessel disease, which also represent the pathologic substrate of intracranial hemorrhage, and silent brain infarcts, which are considered risk factors for ischemic stroke. Routine brain MRI in asymptomatic patients with AF is not yet recommended. Our aim was to test predictive ability of risk stratification scales on the pr...
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The paper describes the work in progress about the analysis of the behaviour of the web cracks on the Brunelleschi’s Dome of Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence. The web cracks in the Dome have always given rise to concern about the... more
The paper describes the work in progress about the analysis of the behaviour of the web cracks on the Brunelleschi’s Dome of Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence. The web cracks in the Dome have always given rise to concern about the stability of the monument. The mechanical and electronic instruments have generated more than 6 million measurements, and the analyses performed so far, showed a steady increase in the size of the main cracks and, at the same time, a relationship with the environmental variables. The paper provides an analysis of those (big) data through the Symbolic Data Analysis techniques.
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Logical abilities are a ubiquitous ingredient in all those contexts that take into account soft skills, argumentative skills or critical thinking. However, the relationship between logical models and the enhancement of these abilities is... more
Logical abilities are a ubiquitous ingredient in all those contexts that take into account soft skills, argumentative skills or critical thinking. However, the relationship between logical models and the enhancement of these abilities is rarely explicitly considered. Two aspects of the issue are particularly critical in our opinion, namely: (i) the lack of statistically relevant data concerning these competences; (ii) the absence of reliable indices that might be used to detect and measure the possession of abilities underlying the aforementioned skills. This paper addresses both aspects of this topic by presenting the results of a research that we conducted between October and December 2020 on students enrolled in various degree courses at the University of Florence. The dataset has been collected by a three-stage initiative. We started from an entrance examination to assess the students' initial abilities. This test included ten questions, each regarding a specific aspect of l...
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The aim of this study is to validate the robust diagnostics approach as a tool for the analysis of the degree programs activities effectiveness. This approach allows identifying singles or groups of students with particular... more
The aim of this study is to validate the robust diagnostics approach as a tool for the analysis of the degree programs activities effectiveness. This approach allows identifying singles or groups of students with particular characteristics, which could help to implement universities programmes on teaching activities aimed at improving the quality of this service. Some distinct analyses are developed, within the classical and the robust diagnostic approaches, using a new indicator defined as skills acquired during the university studies, used in the job. In particular, logit models, which take into account the graduates ' characteristics and the effects pertaining to degree programs and jobs, are used on the dataset from the survey on job opportunities of all the 1999’s graduates at University of Florence. 1
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Summary. To compare proportions with several independent binomial samples, we recommend a method of constructing simultaneous confidence intervals that uses the studentized range distribution with a score statistic. It applies to a... more
Summary. To compare proportions with several independent binomial samples, we recommend a method of constructing simultaneous confidence intervals that uses the studentized range distribution with a score statistic. It applies to a variety of measures, including the difference of proportions, odds ratio, and relative risk. For the odds ratio, a simulation study suggests that the method has coverage probability closer to the nominal value than ad hoc approaches such as the Bonferroni implementation of Wald or “exact ” smallsample pairwise intervals. It performs well even for the problematic but practically common case in which the binomial parameters are relatively small. For the difference of proportions, the proposed method has performance comparable to a method proposed by Piegorsch (1991, Biometrics 47, 45–52).
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In the university system, the students represent the end-user as well as the principal actors of the formative services offered to them by the institution. A measure of their perceived quality is essential for planning changes that would... more
In the university system, the students represent the end-user as well as the principal actors of the formative services offered to them by the institution. A measure of their perceived quality is essential for planning changes that would increase the level of the quality of these services. This perceived quality is generally analysed by the ECSI methodology (European Customer Satisfaction Index), which is based on the implementation of a structural equation model. The model should be able to represent the satisfaction of the students/end-user with some variables, typically latent variables, which will be gauged through a set of directly observable indicators. We decided to extend this methodology to information obtained from a survey on former students of the University of Florence (Italy) who had graduated in the year 2000 and who were in an employed status one year after graduation.
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OBJECTIVES to observe the prevalence of vertebral deformities in an adolescent population in the 178 schools of the District of Florence (Tuscany Region, Central Italy), correlating these results with clinical aspects as ligamentous... more
OBJECTIVES to observe the prevalence of vertebral deformities in an adolescent population in the 178 schools of the District of Florence (Tuscany Region, Central Italy), correlating these results with clinical aspects as ligamentous laxity and verifying if these data are in agreement with what emerged in literature in studies of the same type. DESIGN prevalence study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS report of the results of a school screening for vertebral deformities in an adolescent population of 11,820 students of the Schools of District of Florence held between November 2010 and June 2013. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES asymmetry of waist triangle; trunk imbalance using plumb-line from C7; leg length discrepancies; presence of gibbus and measurement of Angle of Trunk Rotation using Bunnell scoliometer; measure of thoracic kyphosis (a value of kyphosis> 50° was considered to be at high risk of hyperkyphosis making it necessary to request an X-ray); ligamuentuos laxity using Beighton Score. R...
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In Italia la valutazione della efficacia interna dei percorsi formativi accademici si sostanzia, da oltre vent’anni, nelle periodiche indagini sull’opinione degli studenti sulla didattica e i servizi connessi. La prima proposta di... more
In Italia la valutazione della efficacia interna dei percorsi formativi accademici si sostanzia, da oltre vent’anni, nelle periodiche indagini sull’opinione degli studenti sulla didattica e i servizi connessi. La prima proposta di omogeneizzazione delle varie metodologie di misurazione utilizzate dagli Atenei fu avanzata dall’allora Comitato Nazionale di Valutazione del Sistema Universitario nel 2000 ed A¨ stata il modello di riferimento fino al 2011, data d’insediamento del primo Consiglio Direttivo della subentrata Agenzia Nazionale di Valutazione di UniversitA e Ricerca. Il tentativo di arricchimento e aggiornamento tecnologico dell’indagine operato dall’Agenzia (nell’ambito del piA¹ ampio impianto metodologico AVA) ha in realtA posto in evidenza una serie di criticitA , essenzialmente connesse all’organizzazione dell’offerta formativa degli Atenei e all’impatto che l’attuale modello proposto dall’Agenzia ha sulle modalitA e le tempistiche di partecipazion...
The paper describes the work in progress about the analysis of the behaviour of the web cracks on the Brunelleschi’s Dome of Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence. The web cracks in the Dome have always given rise to concern about the... more
The paper describes the work in progress about the analysis of the behaviour of the web cracks on the Brunelleschi’s Dome of Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence. The web cracks in the Dome have always given rise to concern about the stability of the monument. The mechanical and electronic instruments have generated more than 6 million measurements, and the analyses performed so far, showed a steady increase in the size of the main cracks and, at the same time, a relationship with the environmental variables. The paper provides a continuous monitoring through those (big) data with the methods of the Symbolic Data Analysis techniques.
The aim of this study is to validate the robust diagnostics approach as a tool for the analysis of the degree programs activities effectiveness. This approach allows identifying singles or groups of students with particular... more
The aim of this study is to validate the robust diagnostics approach as a tool for the analysis of the degree programs activities effectiveness. This approach allows identifying singles or groups of students with particular characteristics, which could help to implement universities programmes on teaching activities aimed at improving the quality of this service. Some distinct analyses are developed, within the classical and the robust diagnostic approaches, using a new indicator defined as skills acquired during the university studies, used in the job. In particular, logit models, which take into account the graduates' characteristics and the effects pertaining to degree programs and jobs, are used on the dataset from the survey on job opportunities of all the 1999’s graduates at University of Florence.
The National Agency for the Evaluation of Universities and Research (ANVUR) defines the criteria to systematically assess students’ satisfaction on the educational activities as part of the Quality Assurance System of the Universities;... more
The National Agency for the Evaluation of Universities and Research (ANVUR) defines the criteria to systematically assess students’ satisfaction on the educational activities as part of the Quality Assurance System of the Universities; nevertheless, students’ surveys on the educational training provided, become a necessary step for the accreditation of Universities and single courses of study. Latest updates of the regulations were made by the ANVUR in 2016 making compulsory the application of the evaluation surveys by the students between 2/3 of the teaching period and the end of the first exam session. Proceeding from that, the aim of this paper is to evaluate the impact and effectiveness of the regulation changes in order to measure correctly the quality of education supplied by the universities. Results achieved by questionnaires will be investigated, to allow comparisons a compositional analysis will be used.
Within the more general quality assurance pathways undertaken by the universities, inbound and on going guidance activities are assuming an increasingly strategic role with the aim to reduce the dropout rate and the time to qualification.... more
Within the more general quality assurance pathways undertaken by the universities, inbound and on going guidance activities are assuming an increasingly strategic role with the aim to reduce the dropout rate and the time to qualification. In this contribution, the usefulness of some typical data mining solutions is evaluated in the context of students’ careers analysis. More in detail, an analysis of graduates’ careers paths is proposed, mainly based on the application and comparison of clustering procedures. With our proposal we aim at identifying career paths that are particularly virtuous in terms of average scores and time to qualification. Such type of information can be used by the university management for planning the career paths of freshmen.
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A dynamic principal component analysis is proposed to monitor the stability, and detect any atypical behavior, of the Brunelleschi’s Dome of Santa Maria del Fiore, in Florence. First cracks in the Dome appeared at the end of the 15th... more
A dynamic principal component analysis is proposed to monitor the stability, and detect any atypical behavior, of the Brunelleschi’s Dome of Santa Maria del Fiore, in Florence. First cracks in the Dome appeared at the end of the 15th century and nowadays they are present in all the Dome’s webs, although with an heterogenous distribution. A monitoring system has been installed in the Dome since 1955 to monitor the behavior of the cracks; today, it counts more than 160 instruments, such as mechanical and electronic deformometers, thermometers, piezometers. The analyses carried out to date show slight increases in the size of the main cracks and, at the same time, a clear relationship with some environmental variables. However, due to the extension of the monitoring system and the complexity of collected data, to our knowledge an analysis involving all the detected variables has not yet conducted. In this contribution, we aim at finding simplified structures (i.e., latent common factor...
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Logical abilities are a ubiquitous ingredient in all those contexts that take into account soft skills, argumentative skills or critical thinking. However, the relationship between logical models and the enhancement of these abilities is... more
Logical abilities are a ubiquitous ingredient in all those contexts that take into account soft skills, argumentative skills or critical thinking. However, the relationship between logical models and the enhancement of these abilities is rarely explicitly considered. Two aspects of the issue are particularly critical in our opinion, namely: (i) the lack of statistically relevant data concerning these competences; (ii) the absence of reliable indices that might be used to measure and detect the possession of abilities underlying the above-mentioned soft skills. This paper aims to address both aspects of this topic by presenting the results of a research we conducted in the period October – December 2020 on students enrolled in various degree courses at the University of Florence. To the best of our knowledge, to date this is the largest available database on the subject in the Italian University System. It has been obtained by a three-stage initiative. We started from an “entrance” e...
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Discontinuation of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in seizure‐free patients is an important goal because of possible long‐term side effects and the social stigma burden of epilepsy. The purpose of this work was to assess seizure recurrence... more
Discontinuation of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in seizure‐free patients is an important goal because of possible long‐term side effects and the social stigma burden of epilepsy. The purpose of this work was to assess seizure recurrence risk after suspension of AEDs, to evaluate predictors for recurrence, and to investigate the recovery of seizure control after relapse. In addition, the accuracy of a previously published prediction model of seizure recurrence risk was estimated.
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La velocità con cui si trasferiscono oggi le informazioni (sul web, ma non solo) richiede la predisposizione di strumenti di analisi sempre più adeguati nel trattare moli di dati, di algoritmi sempre più veloci che permettano ai... more
La velocità con cui si trasferiscono oggi le informazioni (sul web, ma non solo) richiede la predisposizione di strumenti di analisi sempre più adeguati nel trattare moli di dati, di algoritmi sempre più veloci che permettano ai cosiddetti decision maker di operare scelte basate su informazioni che il trascorrere del tempo può rendere obsolete molto velocemente. Nella realtà attuale, analizzare tali informazioni per poter simulare scenari decisionali complessi potrebbe rivelarsi di fondamentale importanza nell’assicurarsi un vantaggio nei confronti della concorrenza. Questo testo introduce alla vera arte della Computazione Statistica, ovvero illustra come le competenze di programmazione informatica nello sviluppo di algoritmi possano essere messe al servizio della Statistica per la simulazione e replicazione virtuale di realtà ed esperimenti più o meno complessi. E lo fa avvalendosi dell’ottimo ambiente di sviluppo R.
In the last few years, academic guidance services of the Italian universities have been increasingly involved in planning and organising training courses for academic teachers to improve the quality of teaching. In such a context, it is... more
In the last few years, academic guidance services of the Italian universities have been increasingly involved in planning and organising training courses for academic teachers to improve the quality of teaching. In such a context, it is important to collect information on the teachers’ opinions about their belief on traditional and innovative approaches to teaching and learning evaluation as well as on their need of support to take effective teaching practices. In this contribution we aim at studying the structure of academic teachers’ population of an Italian university in order to detect groups of teachers that are homogenous in terms of beliefs and needs. As beliefs and needs may be conceptualised in terms of an unobservable (or latent) variable composed of multiple traits related with different aspects of beliefs and needs (e.g., passion for teaching, beliefs about teaching methods, ...), the proposed analysis is based on a multidimensional Latent Class Item Response Theory model. This type of model allows us to classify teachers in latent classes with respect to their beliefs and needs in the academic didactic activities. Moreover, it also allows us to identify specific aspects of teaching with respect to which academic teachers tend to disagree/agree, and to relate beliefs and needs of teachers with their individual characteristics. The study involves a sample of academic teachers coming from the University of Florence (IT) that took part in a survey based on a new questionnaire composed of Likert-type items concerning beliefs and needs on several aspects of teaching.
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Nintedanib (NIN) is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor recently approved for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. As a new drug, no monograph is available so far in official compendia. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry... more
Nintedanib (NIN) is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor recently approved for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. As a new drug, no monograph is available so far in official compendia. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method is presented for the simultaneous determination of NIN and its seven potential impurities. The risk-based approach of Analytical Quality by Design was applied in method development. The critical method parameters (CMPs) were the type of organic solvent in the mobile phase, formic acid percentage, column flow rate, oven temperature, gradient slope of organic eluent. The critical method attributes (CMAs) were selected as analysis time and selectivity between the main compound NIN and the adjacent peaks. Design of Experiments methodology was effectively employed for establishing the relationship between the CMPs and the CMAs. In the scouting step, a Restek Ultra AQ C18 (100 × 2.1 mm, 2.7 µm) core-shell column was selected, and then the effects of different levels of the five CMPs on the CMAs were evaluated by means of a 35//16 symmetric screening matrix. A Box-Behnken Design made it possible to obtain detailed maps of predicted CMAs throughout the investigated experimental domain, pointing out the presence of interaction and quadratic effects. The probability of meeting the specifications for the CMAs was calculated by Monte-Carlo simulations, performing a risk analysis and drawing risk of failure maps, which were used to visualize and define the method operable design region (MODR) with a probability π ≥ 90%. The final working conditions (enclosing the MODR interval) were as follows: methanol as organic solvent; formic acid percentage, 0.15% v/v; flow rate, 0.40 mL min-1 (0.37-0.43 mL min-1); oven temperature, 40 °C (38-40 °C); gradient slope of organic eluent, 14.00% eluent B min-1 (12.85-15.15% eluent B min-1). The resulting analysis time was about 10 min. Validation was carried out according to International Council for Harmonisation guidelines and the optimized method was applied to the analysis of NIN soft capsules for quality control purposes.
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The Florence railway node plays a strategic role in the panorama of the Italian transport system because of its geographical central position. To avoid excessive traffic density and to separate low and fast tracks, a railway city-bypass... more
The Florence railway node plays a strategic role in the panorama of the Italian transport system because of its geographical central position. To avoid excessive traffic density and to separate low and fast tracks, a railway city-bypass of 9 Km (7 of which underground) and a new station for the high-speed railway have been planned. Because of the political implications of this decision, it was designed a large opinion poll to understand the current level of information of the citizens on the planned works and to measure their perception of the environmental risks associated with. Given the number of people interviewed, the opinion poll conducted in Florence surely ranks among the most important surveys conducted in Italy on this topic and contributes new insights on the complex links between populations and the environment.
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Predictors of lethal arrhythmic events (LAEs) after a pediatric diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) are unresolved. Existing algorithms for risk stratification are limited to patients older than 16 years because of a lack of... more
Predictors of lethal arrhythmic events (LAEs) after a pediatric diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) are unresolved. Existing algorithms for risk stratification are limited to patients older than 16 years because of a lack of data on younger individuals. To describe the long-term outcome of pediatric-onset HCM and identify age-specific arrhythmic risk factors. This study assessed patients with pediatric-onset hypertrophic cardiomyopathy diagnosed from 1974 to 2016 in 2 national referral centers for cardiomyopathies in Florence, Italy. Patients with metabolic and syndromic disease were excluded. Patients were assessed at 1-year intervals, or more often, if their clinical condition required. Lethal arrhythmic events (LAEs) and death related to heart failure. Of 1644 patients with HCM, 100 (6.1%) were 1 to 16 years old at diagnosis (median [interquartile range], 12.2 [7.3-14.1] years). Of these, 63 (63.0%) were boys. Forty-two of the 100 patients (42.0%) were symptomatic (def...