ABSTRACT The article analyzes the interpretations and diagnoses of Brazil developed by scientist ... more ABSTRACT The article analyzes the interpretations and diagnoses of Brazil developed by scientist and writer Arthur Neiva in the 1910s and 1920s, focusing especially on his literary crônicas and his report on the 1912 scientific expedition to the interior of Brazil. I highlight the author's criticisms of the mentality of the governing elite and men of letters, especially their failure to take political initiative, their penchant for imitating ideas, and their exaggerated use of pretentious rhetoric, which Neiva believed to be the main culprits behind Brazil's cultural and political backwardness. I also analyze how Neiva addressed the race issue and the dilemma of nation building, which in the early twentieth century was considered a theme of prime importance in understanding Brazil's reality and destiny within the so-called concert of nations.
Resumo: Trata das idéias eugênicas no Brasil. Seu objetivo consiste em investigar a trajetória in... more Resumo: Trata das idéias eugênicas no Brasil. Seu objetivo consiste em investigar a trajetória intelectual eo pensamento do médico e eugenista Renato Ferraz Kehl, entre 1917 a 1932. Analisa a um só tempo o papel desempenhado por este autor na organização do movimento eugênico brasileiro e as idéias e concepções com as quais ele e outros eugenistas nacionais se envolveram ao longo deste período.(AU)
In this article, I analyze the dialogue and exchanges between Brazilian eugenicists and their cou... more In this article, I analyze the dialogue and exchanges between Brazilian eugenicists and their counterparts abroad in the early decades of the twentieth century. Through an examination of Renato Kehl's and Edgard Roquette-Pinto's eugenics projects and the controversies between these two leaders of the eugenics movement in Brazil, I investigate their contact with the movements in countries like the United States, Germany, England, Sweden, and Norway and show that the ties that the two researchers maintained with so-called mainline eugenic thought were broader and more extensive than first believed. The result was the shaping of different brands of Brazilian eugenics, expanding the international circulation of ideas and extrapolating the borders of "Latin eugenics."
The article analyzes Brazilian anthropologist Edgard Roquette-Pinto&#... more The article analyzes Brazilian anthropologist Edgard Roquette-Pinto's participation in the international debate that involved the field of physical anthropology and discussions on miscegenation in the first decades of the twentieth century. Special focus is on his readings and interpretations of a group of US anthropologists and eugenicists and his controversies with them, including Charles Davenport, Madison Grant, and Franz Boas. The article explores the various ways in which Roquette-Pinto interpreted and incorporated their ideas and how his anthropological interpretations took on new meanings when they moved beyond Brazil's borders.
... em endocrinologia e genética humana, os eugenistas passaram a examinar atentamente as funções... more ... em endocrinologia e genética humana, os eugenistas passaram a examinar atentamente as funções hormonais dos indivíduos, a vida sexual e matrimonial dos casais, as doenças e suas suscetibilidades genéticas. No entanto, apesar da guinada teórica, Stern explica que o ...
ABSTRACT The article analyzes the dialogue between eugenicist Renato Kehl and a group of Brazilia... more ABSTRACT The article analyzes the dialogue between eugenicist Renato Kehl and a group of Brazilian psychiatrists who turned their interest to so-called negative eugenics in the early 1930s. Enthused about research into eugenics and the application of eugenic methods in countries such as the United States and Germany, authors like Ernani Lopes, Ignácio da Cunha Lopes, Alberto Farani, and Antonio Carlos Pacheco e Silva blamed Catholicism for impeding Brazil from moving in a similar direction, especially the church's resistance to the sterilization of 'degenerates', which entered into effect in Germany in 1934. The article charts the various strategies these authors proposed for engaging in dialogue with the Catholic Church.
O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar o arrendamento de terra para o cultivo de eucalipto... more O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar o arrendamento de terra para o cultivo de eucalipto no Vale do Paraíba, São Paulo. Utilizaram-se informações de dez propriedades, sendo oito proprietários da terra, uma empresa de papel e celulose e um investidor em ativos florestais. As ferramentas econômicas utilizadas foram VPL, TIR e VET. Com uma TMA de 8,75% a.a., o cultivo de eucalipto com investimento em terra na região estudada mostrou ser viável economicamente em cinco propriedades. Com a garantia de produtividade estabelecida em contrato, o investimento apresentou viabilidade econômica para o arrendamento de terra, porém inviável para o investidor. A garantia de produtividade mostrou ser importante para manter a rentabilidade para o investidor e para o arrendado pois, sem a mesma, apenas três propriedades apresentaram viabilidade econômica para arrendamento. Palavras-chave: avaliação econômica, preço da terra, arrendamento florestal.
Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Ciências Humanas, 2012
ABSTRACT The article analyses the studies carried out by the anthropologist Edgard Roquette-Pinto... more ABSTRACT The article analyses the studies carried out by the anthropologist Edgard Roquette-Pinto (1884-1954) on the classification of 'anthropological types' of Brazil. Affiliated to the Museu Nacional, in Rio de Janeiro, the anthropologist collected data on the anatomical, physiological and psychological characteristics of the Brazilian population in the early decades of the 20th century. The racial classification put forward by Roquette-Pinto resulted not only from the ongoing national intellectual context, but also resulted from technical and theoretical influences from abroad, in particular from Germany and the United States. The anthropologist's goal was to produce an 'anthropological portrait' of Brazil. His research aimed at revealing the racial characteristics involved in the formation of the nation, as well as evaluating the biological viability of the population, especially the 'mixed race types'.
ABSTRACT In recent years, anthropologists, science scholars, and historians of science have shown... more ABSTRACT In recent years, anthropologists, science scholars, and historians of science have shown growing interest in the history of research in physical anthropology in the post–World War II period, although most of the studies concentrate on North America and Europe. Here we focus on the history of human biological diversity research in South America in the 1960s. We carry out a comparative analysis of the research programs coordinated by two influential North American researchers (the geneticists Newton Morton and James Neel) in Brazil. We analyze the genesis of the two projects in light of the scientific and sociopolitical alignments of the period, and we find that the research was strongly tied to the context of the Cold War. We also address the scientific perspectives and choice of study populations (Indians and mestiços), as well as how the researchers attempted to construct far-reaching scientific models pertinent to the human species as a whole based on the concept of “primitiveness.” We argue that the research programs that Morton and Neel initiated in the 1960s are basic to the understanding of the history of physical anthropology not only in Brazil but also on a global scale in the decades following World War II. [history of physical–biological anthropology, human population diversity, population genetics, science studies, Newton Morton, James Neel, Brazil]RESUMENEn aãos recientes, antropólogos, investigadores de la ciencia e historiadores de la ciencia han mostrado un creciente interés en la historia de la investigación en antropología física en el período posterior a la segunda guerra mundial, aunque la mayoría de los estudios se concentran en América del Norte y Europa. Aquí nos concentramos en la historia de la investigación de la diversidad biológica humana en América del Sur en los 1960s. Llevamos a cabo un análisis comparativo de los programas de investigacién coordinados por dos investigadores influyentes Norteamericanos (los genetistas Newton Morton y James Neel) en Brasil. Analizamos la génesis de dos proyectos a la luz de los alineamientos científicos y sociopolíticos del período, y encontramos que la investigacién estuvo fuertemente atada al contexto del la Guerra Fría. También abordamos las perspectivas científicas y la eleccién de las poblaciones de los estudios (indígenas y mestizos), además de cémo los investigadores intentaron construir modelos científicos de gran alcance pertinentes a la especie humana como un todo basados en el concepto del “estado primitivo” Argumentamos que los programas de investigacién que Morton y Neel iniciaron en los 1960s son básicos para entender la historia de la antropología física no sélo en Brasil sino también en una escala global en las décadas siguientes a la Segunda Guerra Mundial. [historia de la antropología física-biolégica, diversidad de poblaciones humanas, genética poblacional, estudios de la ciencia, Newton Morton, James Neel, Brasil]
Pelo menos desde o início dos anos 1990, em particular a partir do sequenciamento do genoma human... more Pelo menos desde o início dos anos 1990, em particular a partir do sequenciamento do genoma humano no início do século XXI, as pesquisas sobre genética humana têm ocupado um espaço destacado na comunidade científica, na mídia e em organizações sociais de diferentes países, quase sempre associadas a discussões polêmicas sobre reprodução humana, raça, saúde, ciência e ética. Na verdade, a própria formação do campo da genética humana, cuja história remete às primeiras décadas do século XX, é atravessada por esses temas: pela ...
ABSTRACT The article analyzes the interpretations and diagnoses of Brazil developed by scientist ... more ABSTRACT The article analyzes the interpretations and diagnoses of Brazil developed by scientist and writer Arthur Neiva in the 1910s and 1920s, focusing especially on his literary crônicas and his report on the 1912 scientific expedition to the interior of Brazil. I highlight the author's criticisms of the mentality of the governing elite and men of letters, especially their failure to take political initiative, their penchant for imitating ideas, and their exaggerated use of pretentious rhetoric, which Neiva believed to be the main culprits behind Brazil's cultural and political backwardness. I also analyze how Neiva addressed the race issue and the dilemma of nation building, which in the early twentieth century was considered a theme of prime importance in understanding Brazil's reality and destiny within the so-called concert of nations.
Resumo: Trata das idéias eugênicas no Brasil. Seu objetivo consiste em investigar a trajetória in... more Resumo: Trata das idéias eugênicas no Brasil. Seu objetivo consiste em investigar a trajetória intelectual eo pensamento do médico e eugenista Renato Ferraz Kehl, entre 1917 a 1932. Analisa a um só tempo o papel desempenhado por este autor na organização do movimento eugênico brasileiro e as idéias e concepções com as quais ele e outros eugenistas nacionais se envolveram ao longo deste período.(AU)
In this article, I analyze the dialogue and exchanges between Brazilian eugenicists and their cou... more In this article, I analyze the dialogue and exchanges between Brazilian eugenicists and their counterparts abroad in the early decades of the twentieth century. Through an examination of Renato Kehl's and Edgard Roquette-Pinto's eugenics projects and the controversies between these two leaders of the eugenics movement in Brazil, I investigate their contact with the movements in countries like the United States, Germany, England, Sweden, and Norway and show that the ties that the two researchers maintained with so-called mainline eugenic thought were broader and more extensive than first believed. The result was the shaping of different brands of Brazilian eugenics, expanding the international circulation of ideas and extrapolating the borders of "Latin eugenics."
The article analyzes Brazilian anthropologist Edgard Roquette-Pinto&#... more The article analyzes Brazilian anthropologist Edgard Roquette-Pinto's participation in the international debate that involved the field of physical anthropology and discussions on miscegenation in the first decades of the twentieth century. Special focus is on his readings and interpretations of a group of US anthropologists and eugenicists and his controversies with them, including Charles Davenport, Madison Grant, and Franz Boas. The article explores the various ways in which Roquette-Pinto interpreted and incorporated their ideas and how his anthropological interpretations took on new meanings when they moved beyond Brazil's borders.
... em endocrinologia e genética humana, os eugenistas passaram a examinar atentamente as funções... more ... em endocrinologia e genética humana, os eugenistas passaram a examinar atentamente as funções hormonais dos indivíduos, a vida sexual e matrimonial dos casais, as doenças e suas suscetibilidades genéticas. No entanto, apesar da guinada teórica, Stern explica que o ...
ABSTRACT The article analyzes the dialogue between eugenicist Renato Kehl and a group of Brazilia... more ABSTRACT The article analyzes the dialogue between eugenicist Renato Kehl and a group of Brazilian psychiatrists who turned their interest to so-called negative eugenics in the early 1930s. Enthused about research into eugenics and the application of eugenic methods in countries such as the United States and Germany, authors like Ernani Lopes, Ignácio da Cunha Lopes, Alberto Farani, and Antonio Carlos Pacheco e Silva blamed Catholicism for impeding Brazil from moving in a similar direction, especially the church's resistance to the sterilization of 'degenerates', which entered into effect in Germany in 1934. The article charts the various strategies these authors proposed for engaging in dialogue with the Catholic Church.
O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar o arrendamento de terra para o cultivo de eucalipto... more O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar o arrendamento de terra para o cultivo de eucalipto no Vale do Paraíba, São Paulo. Utilizaram-se informações de dez propriedades, sendo oito proprietários da terra, uma empresa de papel e celulose e um investidor em ativos florestais. As ferramentas econômicas utilizadas foram VPL, TIR e VET. Com uma TMA de 8,75% a.a., o cultivo de eucalipto com investimento em terra na região estudada mostrou ser viável economicamente em cinco propriedades. Com a garantia de produtividade estabelecida em contrato, o investimento apresentou viabilidade econômica para o arrendamento de terra, porém inviável para o investidor. A garantia de produtividade mostrou ser importante para manter a rentabilidade para o investidor e para o arrendado pois, sem a mesma, apenas três propriedades apresentaram viabilidade econômica para arrendamento. Palavras-chave: avaliação econômica, preço da terra, arrendamento florestal.
Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Ciências Humanas, 2012
ABSTRACT The article analyses the studies carried out by the anthropologist Edgard Roquette-Pinto... more ABSTRACT The article analyses the studies carried out by the anthropologist Edgard Roquette-Pinto (1884-1954) on the classification of 'anthropological types' of Brazil. Affiliated to the Museu Nacional, in Rio de Janeiro, the anthropologist collected data on the anatomical, physiological and psychological characteristics of the Brazilian population in the early decades of the 20th century. The racial classification put forward by Roquette-Pinto resulted not only from the ongoing national intellectual context, but also resulted from technical and theoretical influences from abroad, in particular from Germany and the United States. The anthropologist's goal was to produce an 'anthropological portrait' of Brazil. His research aimed at revealing the racial characteristics involved in the formation of the nation, as well as evaluating the biological viability of the population, especially the 'mixed race types'.
ABSTRACT In recent years, anthropologists, science scholars, and historians of science have shown... more ABSTRACT In recent years, anthropologists, science scholars, and historians of science have shown growing interest in the history of research in physical anthropology in the post–World War II period, although most of the studies concentrate on North America and Europe. Here we focus on the history of human biological diversity research in South America in the 1960s. We carry out a comparative analysis of the research programs coordinated by two influential North American researchers (the geneticists Newton Morton and James Neel) in Brazil. We analyze the genesis of the two projects in light of the scientific and sociopolitical alignments of the period, and we find that the research was strongly tied to the context of the Cold War. We also address the scientific perspectives and choice of study populations (Indians and mestiços), as well as how the researchers attempted to construct far-reaching scientific models pertinent to the human species as a whole based on the concept of “primitiveness.” We argue that the research programs that Morton and Neel initiated in the 1960s are basic to the understanding of the history of physical anthropology not only in Brazil but also on a global scale in the decades following World War II. [history of physical–biological anthropology, human population diversity, population genetics, science studies, Newton Morton, James Neel, Brazil]RESUMENEn aãos recientes, antropólogos, investigadores de la ciencia e historiadores de la ciencia han mostrado un creciente interés en la historia de la investigación en antropología física en el período posterior a la segunda guerra mundial, aunque la mayoría de los estudios se concentran en América del Norte y Europa. Aquí nos concentramos en la historia de la investigación de la diversidad biológica humana en América del Sur en los 1960s. Llevamos a cabo un análisis comparativo de los programas de investigacién coordinados por dos investigadores influyentes Norteamericanos (los genetistas Newton Morton y James Neel) en Brasil. Analizamos la génesis de dos proyectos a la luz de los alineamientos científicos y sociopolíticos del período, y encontramos que la investigacién estuvo fuertemente atada al contexto del la Guerra Fría. También abordamos las perspectivas científicas y la eleccién de las poblaciones de los estudios (indígenas y mestizos), además de cémo los investigadores intentaron construir modelos científicos de gran alcance pertinentes a la especie humana como un todo basados en el concepto del “estado primitivo” Argumentamos que los programas de investigacién que Morton y Neel iniciaron en los 1960s son básicos para entender la historia de la antropología física no sélo en Brasil sino también en una escala global en las décadas siguientes a la Segunda Guerra Mundial. [historia de la antropología física-biolégica, diversidad de poblaciones humanas, genética poblacional, estudios de la ciencia, Newton Morton, James Neel, Brasil]
Pelo menos desde o início dos anos 1990, em particular a partir do sequenciamento do genoma human... more Pelo menos desde o início dos anos 1990, em particular a partir do sequenciamento do genoma humano no início do século XXI, as pesquisas sobre genética humana têm ocupado um espaço destacado na comunidade científica, na mídia e em organizações sociais de diferentes países, quase sempre associadas a discussões polêmicas sobre reprodução humana, raça, saúde, ciência e ética. Na verdade, a própria formação do campo da genética humana, cuja história remete às primeiras décadas do século XX, é atravessada por esses temas: pela ...
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