Revue des Sciences Sociales-Programme d’Appui Stratégique à la Recherche Scientifique (RSS-PASRES),10e année, n°37, Octobre-Décembre 2021, pp.116-125, 2022
L’Afrique de l’Ouest connaît une urbanisation croissante qui entraine nécessairement de nombreux ... more L’Afrique de l’Ouest connaît une urbanisation croissante qui entraine nécessairement de nombreux besoins en matière de transport routier dans les villes. Pourtant, d’après le rapport du Groupe d’experts intergouvernemental sur l’évolution du climat, le transport serait responsable d’une grande partie des émissions de dioxyde de carbone (CO2) qui contribuent fortement au phénomène de la variabilité climatique actuelle. Le présent article vise alors à cerner l’importance d’une réflexion sur la promotion de politique de transport urbain durable en Afrique de l’ouest. Cette contribution théorique présente les arguments (la pauvreté des populations et la faible part de responsabilité des pays de la région dans le réchauffement planétaire actuel) qui peuvent se heurter à un tel projet. Elle montre également que malgré ces arguments, il est actuellement judicieux de prôner des politiques de transport durable dans les villes de la région car ces pays ont sans doute leur part de responsabilité dans cette préoccupation mondiale sur le lien entre transport et les problèmes environnementaux. En effet, ces pays sont de plus en plus caractérisés par un accroissement de leurs besoins en matière d’utilisation de sources d’énergie dans le transport routier, l’insuffisance du transport en commun, la vétusté de leur parc automobile qui s’accompagne de l’utilisation de l’énergie fossile souvent de mauvaise qualité et la pollution de l’air en milieu urbain.
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Mots clés : Sésame biologique, commercialisation, Bilanga, Burkina Faso.
Challenges and issues of organic sesame marketing in the rural commune of Bilanga in Burkina Faso
Abstract:
Sesame, Burkina Faso's third most important export, is produced in rural areas, particularly in the rural commune of Bilanga in the East region. Despite its importance to the economy of the localities where it is grown, this product faces a number of challenges, particularly in terms of marketing. To this end, based on documentary research, field observations and semi-structured interviews with key players in the sector, this article aims to analyse the challenges and issues involved in marketing organic sesame in this part of the country (Bilanga). This work highlights the challenges associated with sales, with quality problems linked to the presence of synthetic pesticides and salmonella compromising the market value of organic sesame. In addition, despite organic cultivation aimed at improving producers' incomes, low yields and unattractive prices limit its economic impact in this rural commune.
La consommation des fruits et légumes chez les adolescents et les jeunes reste aujourd’hui une préoccupation dans les grandes villes africaines comme Ouagadougou. Dans ce contexte, cette étude analyse les déterminants de la consommation des fruits et légumes chez les adolescents et les jeunes à Ouagadougou à travers une recherche documentaire, complétée par des travaux de terrain basés sur une enquête quantitative et des entretiens semi-directifs dans trois secteurs de cette ville. L’étude révèle que les variables statut matrimonial, statut socio-professionnel de l’adolescent/jeune, le niveau d’urbanisation et la durée de résidence influent sur la consommation des fruits et légumes (p˂ 0,05). Par ailleurs, d’autres facteurs tels que les barrières géographiques, financières, la faible valorisation des fruits locaux, la faible promotion de la nutrition jouent également un rôle important. La régression logistique montre que l’effet contextuel est significatif ce qui explique les différences de consommation de fruits et légumes entre les milieux de résidence des adolescents et des jeunes.
Fruit and vegetable consumption among adolescents and young people in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Abstract:
The consumption of fruit and vegetables by adolescents and young people remains a concern today, particularly in large African cities such as Ouagadougou. In this context, this study analyses the determinants of fruit and vegetable consumption among adolescents and young people in Ouagadougou, through documentary research, supplemented by fieldwork based on a quantitative survey and semi-structured interviews in three sectors of the city of Ouagadougou. The study revealed that the variables marital status, socio-professional status of the adolescent/young person, level of urbanisation and length of residence influenced fruit and vegetable consumption (p˂ 0.05). In addition, other factors such as geographical and financial barriers, the low value of local fruit, and poor nutrition promotion also play an important role. Logistic regression even shows that the contextual effect is significant, which explains the differences in fruit and vegetable consumption between the environments in which adolescents and young people live.
The problem of solid waste management in the commune of Saaba in Burkina Faso.
Solid waste management is one of the very important environmental challenges in African cities, particularly in Saaba, a town near Ouagadougou (the capital city of Burkina Faso). This waste threatens the quality of life, human health, natural resources and the environment and is a real concern for the municipal authorities of this municipality. This investigation aims to study the problem of solid waste management in the municipality of Saaba. The study based on direct observation in the field, supplemented by a quantitative survey and semi-structured interviews enriched by secondary data, highlights the link between the strong growth of pollution in this municipality and the production of solid waste. It further reveals the main types of waste produced there and their management through collection and treatment at the Saaba Waste Landfill Center.
The location of potential sites for a household wastes treatment center in the Commune of Saaba in Burkina Faso
Abstract :Solid wastes management, in particular the collection and disposal of household waste, is a challenge for the municipal authorities of West African countries such as those of the municipality of Saaba in Burkina Faso. The present work therefore aims to analyze the location of sites favorable to the establishment of technical landfill centers (TLC) in the municipality of Saaba with a view to better management of solid wastes. Thus, in addition to fieldwork (direct observation and semi-structured interviews), this research has mainly used Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Multi-criteria Analysis according to the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method by Saaty. The synthesis of all these informations within a GIS has made it possible to draw up a map of the areas favorable to the establishment of the Technical Landfill Center in this municipality. In other words, the excellently favorable extent classes cover 4,370.27 acres of the study area. These areas suitable for the establishment of technical landfills are located in the North-East, Center and South of the municipality studied. The validation of this map showed the different advantageous zones in the commune of Saaba, ranging from the smallest unit of 50.24 acres to the largest of 1,518.45 acres.
Mots clés : Sésame biologique, commercialisation, Bilanga, Burkina Faso.
Challenges and issues of organic sesame marketing in the rural commune of Bilanga in Burkina Faso
Abstract:
Sesame, Burkina Faso's third most important export, is produced in rural areas, particularly in the rural commune of Bilanga in the East region. Despite its importance to the economy of the localities where it is grown, this product faces a number of challenges, particularly in terms of marketing. To this end, based on documentary research, field observations and semi-structured interviews with key players in the sector, this article aims to analyse the challenges and issues involved in marketing organic sesame in this part of the country (Bilanga). This work highlights the challenges associated with sales, with quality problems linked to the presence of synthetic pesticides and salmonella compromising the market value of organic sesame. In addition, despite organic cultivation aimed at improving producers' incomes, low yields and unattractive prices limit its economic impact in this rural commune.
La consommation des fruits et légumes chez les adolescents et les jeunes reste aujourd’hui une préoccupation dans les grandes villes africaines comme Ouagadougou. Dans ce contexte, cette étude analyse les déterminants de la consommation des fruits et légumes chez les adolescents et les jeunes à Ouagadougou à travers une recherche documentaire, complétée par des travaux de terrain basés sur une enquête quantitative et des entretiens semi-directifs dans trois secteurs de cette ville. L’étude révèle que les variables statut matrimonial, statut socio-professionnel de l’adolescent/jeune, le niveau d’urbanisation et la durée de résidence influent sur la consommation des fruits et légumes (p˂ 0,05). Par ailleurs, d’autres facteurs tels que les barrières géographiques, financières, la faible valorisation des fruits locaux, la faible promotion de la nutrition jouent également un rôle important. La régression logistique montre que l’effet contextuel est significatif ce qui explique les différences de consommation de fruits et légumes entre les milieux de résidence des adolescents et des jeunes.
Fruit and vegetable consumption among adolescents and young people in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Abstract:
The consumption of fruit and vegetables by adolescents and young people remains a concern today, particularly in large African cities such as Ouagadougou. In this context, this study analyses the determinants of fruit and vegetable consumption among adolescents and young people in Ouagadougou, through documentary research, supplemented by fieldwork based on a quantitative survey and semi-structured interviews in three sectors of the city of Ouagadougou. The study revealed that the variables marital status, socio-professional status of the adolescent/young person, level of urbanisation and length of residence influenced fruit and vegetable consumption (p˂ 0.05). In addition, other factors such as geographical and financial barriers, the low value of local fruit, and poor nutrition promotion also play an important role. Logistic regression even shows that the contextual effect is significant, which explains the differences in fruit and vegetable consumption between the environments in which adolescents and young people live.
The problem of solid waste management in the commune of Saaba in Burkina Faso.
Solid waste management is one of the very important environmental challenges in African cities, particularly in Saaba, a town near Ouagadougou (the capital city of Burkina Faso). This waste threatens the quality of life, human health, natural resources and the environment and is a real concern for the municipal authorities of this municipality. This investigation aims to study the problem of solid waste management in the municipality of Saaba. The study based on direct observation in the field, supplemented by a quantitative survey and semi-structured interviews enriched by secondary data, highlights the link between the strong growth of pollution in this municipality and the production of solid waste. It further reveals the main types of waste produced there and their management through collection and treatment at the Saaba Waste Landfill Center.
The location of potential sites for a household wastes treatment center in the Commune of Saaba in Burkina Faso
Abstract :Solid wastes management, in particular the collection and disposal of household waste, is a challenge for the municipal authorities of West African countries such as those of the municipality of Saaba in Burkina Faso. The present work therefore aims to analyze the location of sites favorable to the establishment of technical landfill centers (TLC) in the municipality of Saaba with a view to better management of solid wastes. Thus, in addition to fieldwork (direct observation and semi-structured interviews), this research has mainly used Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Multi-criteria Analysis according to the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method by Saaty. The synthesis of all these informations within a GIS has made it possible to draw up a map of the areas favorable to the establishment of the Technical Landfill Center in this municipality. In other words, the excellently favorable extent classes cover 4,370.27 acres of the study area. These areas suitable for the establishment of technical landfills are located in the North-East, Center and South of the municipality studied. The validation of this map showed the different advantageous zones in the commune of Saaba, ranging from the smallest unit of 50.24 acres to the largest of 1,518.45 acres.