Magnetostrictive materials have been utilized for the production of ultrasonic frequency vibratio... more Magnetostrictive materials have been utilized for the production of ultrasonic frequency vibrations for a number of years. This has particularly been the case in laminated nickel-based ultrasonic dental-scaler cleaning systems.
In this study, a comparison has been made between the impedances of a number of magnetostrictive stacks of 50 mm×4 mm×∼0.3 mm strips at frequencies in the range of 10–50 kHz in a coil used for the excitation of a stack in a dental-scaler system. The magnetostrictive stacks tested comprised of potential replacement materials for standard nickel ones.
The study showed that it was possible to compensate for the inductive ‘imaginary’ components of the impedance through the use of a tuned, series capacitance so that only the ‘real’ resistive component of the impedance remained. This reduced the electrical losses associated with the excitation of the magnetostrictive stacks as a result of the frequency-dependent inductance of the coil system. Consequently, the maximum power transfer from an amplifier to the transducer was increased. Also, the investigation showed how the ‘real’ component of impedance of the different stacks varied with frequency. In a tuned resonant electrical circuit, the resistive component of the impedance, if considered as a loss, would be the lowest that could be achieved with such a magnetic circuit. Consequently, the losses associated with resonant magnetostrictive devices, like dental scalers, can be reduced.
ABSTRACT Amorphous materials in the ribbon or wire form have been commercially produced. There ar... more ABSTRACT Amorphous materials in the ribbon or wire form have been commercially produced. There are two basic types, highly magnetostrictive, ideal for stress sensing, and zero magnetostrictive, ideal for proximity devices. A typical sensor uses less than 1 g of the material. The author discusses the use of these materials in force transducers, rotational speed sensors, noncontact torque sensors, vibration and acceleration sensors, and displacement/position sensors
Science, Measurement and Technology, IEE Proceedings A
The rotational power losses measured in the clockwise and anticlockwise directions differ noticea... more The rotational power losses measured in the clockwise and anticlockwise directions differ noticeably. There are many factors that contribute to this difference, but these have not previously been explained in the literature. A discussion on the physical phenomena that contribute to the power loss along with the experimental measurements and analysis are presented.
2006 Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2006
ABSTRACT A new thin amorphous panel miniaturization actuator will be expected to improve or devel... more ABSTRACT A new thin amorphous panel miniaturization actuator will be expected to improve or develop at low fundamental frequency with high quality acoustic output in this paper, modeled using the magnetic energy by the 3D FEM (finite element method). The computation model analysis will be evaluated and implemented by experiments. As the unique concerns is miniaturization for the loudspeaker on commercial products, micro-actuator will provide a potential solution to meet the requirement of miniaturization for the loudspeaker with flat panel speaker technology, which operates under bending wave principle, and exploits the resonance of the panel instead of the traditional piston motion to produce sound
ABSTRACT The localised flux density measurements are practically limited to two methods: search c... more ABSTRACT The localised flux density measurements are practically limited to two methods: search coil and needle probe technique. The search coil requires drilling holes in the sample under test; therefore it is a destructive method. Needle probe technique is classified as a non-destructive technique. However, removing the coating affects the magnetic properties of the sample sharp needles introduce micro-damages to the surface of the specimen. At certain conditions, the electrical contacts between the needles and the sample could be replaced by capacitors made as pads manufactured from self-adhesive conductive tape or directly painted with conductive paint on the insulated surface of the sample. The paper presents theoretical analysis of the concept of the capacitive sensor. The simulations suggest that the described capacitive sensor would be suitable for detecting localised flux density in laminated material, especially at higher frequencies.
... Article Outline. References. ,,,,, ELSEVIER Sensors and Actuators A 59 (1997) 342..fi A Eff... more ... Article Outline. References. ,,,,, ELSEVIER Sensors and Actuators A 59 (1997) 342..fi A Effect of stress on localised flux directions in amorphous toroidal transducers Naim Derebasi u., Turgut Meydan Uhulag Uail!ersity. Physics Deparrtaenl, 16059 Gorukle Bursa, Turkey h I Jl ...
... Recent trends in linear and angular accelerometers. ... A ;'cry recent study with the app... more ... Recent trends in linear and angular accelerometers. ... A ;'cry recent study with the applied H making an ongle :t = _+ 20with re-s'pcct to it has sho ... The microma-chining allows a ~p of only a few microns thickness between the places in a repeatable, production process 6. Reluetive ...
Amorphous transducers consisting of toroidally wound amorphous ribbon with a magnetising winding ... more Amorphous transducers consisting of toroidally wound amorphous ribbon with a magnetising winding and search coil windings have been investigated. The application of displacement to the toroid gives a linear search coil voltage against the applied force characteristics. The position of the search coils with respect to the applied force has been studied and it is shown that the effect of applied force is localised. These results have elucidated the operation of ac amorphous ribbon transducers and enabled improved designs to be produced.
ABSTRACT Sensors are devices that convert one form of energy into another. Magnetics sensors are ... more ABSTRACT Sensors are devices that convert one form of energy into another. Magnetics sensors are a sub-group of the above which make use of one of the magnetic principles for conversion, namely: the galvanomagnetic effect, the electromagnetic effect, the magnetoelastic effect, movement of domain boundaries, and the superconductive effect. Amorphous materials have been commercially available in ribbon (1973), in wire (1981) or in powder form (1983). The combination of good magnetic properties in the absence of magnetocrystalline anisotropy, and the mechanical strength of these alloys make them suitable for sensor applications. Amorphous materials are broadly classified into two categories, highly magnetostrictive and near-zero magnetostrictive types, both of which are extensively used in sensor applications. In this paper the uses of amorphous materials as a sensor material in the detection of force, displacement (angular or linear), vibration, acceleration, pressure, rotational speed, torque and temperature are reviewed, showing operating characteristics with typical results.
A displaced toroidal transducer shows a variable localised stress distribution, and hence variabl... more A displaced toroidal transducer shows a variable localised stress distribution, and hence variable localised permeability and flux density distribution along the circumference of the amorphous toroidal core. The sensitivity of the transducer increases with increasing frequency. In this study variation of the localised flux densities and stresses and their effect on the output characteristics of the amorphous toroidal transducers were investigated to improve sensitivity, linearity and repeatability of the transducer. Investigation was carried out for high magnetostrictive Fe based as-cast and annealed amorphous ribbon toroidal cores to confirm the influence of the stress relief annealing process on output characteristics of the transducer
Magnetostrictive materials have been utilized for the production of ultrasonic frequency vibratio... more Magnetostrictive materials have been utilized for the production of ultrasonic frequency vibrations for a number of years. This has particularly been the case in laminated nickel-based ultrasonic dental-scaler cleaning systems.
In this study, a comparison has been made between the impedances of a number of magnetostrictive stacks of 50 mm×4 mm×∼0.3 mm strips at frequencies in the range of 10–50 kHz in a coil used for the excitation of a stack in a dental-scaler system. The magnetostrictive stacks tested comprised of potential replacement materials for standard nickel ones.
The study showed that it was possible to compensate for the inductive ‘imaginary’ components of the impedance through the use of a tuned, series capacitance so that only the ‘real’ resistive component of the impedance remained. This reduced the electrical losses associated with the excitation of the magnetostrictive stacks as a result of the frequency-dependent inductance of the coil system. Consequently, the maximum power transfer from an amplifier to the transducer was increased. Also, the investigation showed how the ‘real’ component of impedance of the different stacks varied with frequency. In a tuned resonant electrical circuit, the resistive component of the impedance, if considered as a loss, would be the lowest that could be achieved with such a magnetic circuit. Consequently, the losses associated with resonant magnetostrictive devices, like dental scalers, can be reduced.
ABSTRACT Amorphous materials in the ribbon or wire form have been commercially produced. There ar... more ABSTRACT Amorphous materials in the ribbon or wire form have been commercially produced. There are two basic types, highly magnetostrictive, ideal for stress sensing, and zero magnetostrictive, ideal for proximity devices. A typical sensor uses less than 1 g of the material. The author discusses the use of these materials in force transducers, rotational speed sensors, noncontact torque sensors, vibration and acceleration sensors, and displacement/position sensors
Science, Measurement and Technology, IEE Proceedings A
The rotational power losses measured in the clockwise and anticlockwise directions differ noticea... more The rotational power losses measured in the clockwise and anticlockwise directions differ noticeably. There are many factors that contribute to this difference, but these have not previously been explained in the literature. A discussion on the physical phenomena that contribute to the power loss along with the experimental measurements and analysis are presented.
2006 Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2006
ABSTRACT A new thin amorphous panel miniaturization actuator will be expected to improve or devel... more ABSTRACT A new thin amorphous panel miniaturization actuator will be expected to improve or develop at low fundamental frequency with high quality acoustic output in this paper, modeled using the magnetic energy by the 3D FEM (finite element method). The computation model analysis will be evaluated and implemented by experiments. As the unique concerns is miniaturization for the loudspeaker on commercial products, micro-actuator will provide a potential solution to meet the requirement of miniaturization for the loudspeaker with flat panel speaker technology, which operates under bending wave principle, and exploits the resonance of the panel instead of the traditional piston motion to produce sound
ABSTRACT The localised flux density measurements are practically limited to two methods: search c... more ABSTRACT The localised flux density measurements are practically limited to two methods: search coil and needle probe technique. The search coil requires drilling holes in the sample under test; therefore it is a destructive method. Needle probe technique is classified as a non-destructive technique. However, removing the coating affects the magnetic properties of the sample sharp needles introduce micro-damages to the surface of the specimen. At certain conditions, the electrical contacts between the needles and the sample could be replaced by capacitors made as pads manufactured from self-adhesive conductive tape or directly painted with conductive paint on the insulated surface of the sample. The paper presents theoretical analysis of the concept of the capacitive sensor. The simulations suggest that the described capacitive sensor would be suitable for detecting localised flux density in laminated material, especially at higher frequencies.
... Article Outline. References. ,,,,, ELSEVIER Sensors and Actuators A 59 (1997) 342..fi A Eff... more ... Article Outline. References. ,,,,, ELSEVIER Sensors and Actuators A 59 (1997) 342..fi A Effect of stress on localised flux directions in amorphous toroidal transducers Naim Derebasi u., Turgut Meydan Uhulag Uail!ersity. Physics Deparrtaenl, 16059 Gorukle Bursa, Turkey h I Jl ...
... Recent trends in linear and angular accelerometers. ... A ;'cry recent study with the app... more ... Recent trends in linear and angular accelerometers. ... A ;'cry recent study with the applied H making an ongle :t = _+ 20with re-s'pcct to it has sho ... The microma-chining allows a ~p of only a few microns thickness between the places in a repeatable, production process 6. Reluetive ...
Amorphous transducers consisting of toroidally wound amorphous ribbon with a magnetising winding ... more Amorphous transducers consisting of toroidally wound amorphous ribbon with a magnetising winding and search coil windings have been investigated. The application of displacement to the toroid gives a linear search coil voltage against the applied force characteristics. The position of the search coils with respect to the applied force has been studied and it is shown that the effect of applied force is localised. These results have elucidated the operation of ac amorphous ribbon transducers and enabled improved designs to be produced.
ABSTRACT Sensors are devices that convert one form of energy into another. Magnetics sensors are ... more ABSTRACT Sensors are devices that convert one form of energy into another. Magnetics sensors are a sub-group of the above which make use of one of the magnetic principles for conversion, namely: the galvanomagnetic effect, the electromagnetic effect, the magnetoelastic effect, movement of domain boundaries, and the superconductive effect. Amorphous materials have been commercially available in ribbon (1973), in wire (1981) or in powder form (1983). The combination of good magnetic properties in the absence of magnetocrystalline anisotropy, and the mechanical strength of these alloys make them suitable for sensor applications. Amorphous materials are broadly classified into two categories, highly magnetostrictive and near-zero magnetostrictive types, both of which are extensively used in sensor applications. In this paper the uses of amorphous materials as a sensor material in the detection of force, displacement (angular or linear), vibration, acceleration, pressure, rotational speed, torque and temperature are reviewed, showing operating characteristics with typical results.
A displaced toroidal transducer shows a variable localised stress distribution, and hence variabl... more A displaced toroidal transducer shows a variable localised stress distribution, and hence variable localised permeability and flux density distribution along the circumference of the amorphous toroidal core. The sensitivity of the transducer increases with increasing frequency. In this study variation of the localised flux densities and stresses and their effect on the output characteristics of the amorphous toroidal transducers were investigated to improve sensitivity, linearity and repeatability of the transducer. Investigation was carried out for high magnetostrictive Fe based as-cast and annealed amorphous ribbon toroidal cores to confirm the influence of the stress relief annealing process on output characteristics of the transducer
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In this study, a comparison has been made between the impedances of a number of magnetostrictive stacks of 50 mm×4 mm×∼0.3 mm strips at frequencies in the range of 10–50 kHz in a coil used for the excitation of a stack in a dental-scaler system. The magnetostrictive stacks tested comprised of potential replacement materials for standard nickel ones.
The study showed that it was possible to compensate for the inductive ‘imaginary’ components of the impedance through the use of a tuned, series capacitance so that only the ‘real’ resistive component of the impedance remained. This reduced the electrical losses associated with the excitation of the magnetostrictive stacks as a result of the frequency-dependent inductance of the coil system. Consequently, the maximum power transfer from an amplifier to the transducer was increased. Also, the investigation showed how the ‘real’ component of impedance of the different stacks varied with frequency. In a tuned resonant electrical circuit, the resistive component of the impedance, if considered as a loss, would be the lowest that could be achieved with such a magnetic circuit. Consequently, the losses associated with resonant magnetostrictive devices, like dental scalers, can be reduced.
In this study, a comparison has been made between the impedances of a number of magnetostrictive stacks of 50 mm×4 mm×∼0.3 mm strips at frequencies in the range of 10–50 kHz in a coil used for the excitation of a stack in a dental-scaler system. The magnetostrictive stacks tested comprised of potential replacement materials for standard nickel ones.
The study showed that it was possible to compensate for the inductive ‘imaginary’ components of the impedance through the use of a tuned, series capacitance so that only the ‘real’ resistive component of the impedance remained. This reduced the electrical losses associated with the excitation of the magnetostrictive stacks as a result of the frequency-dependent inductance of the coil system. Consequently, the maximum power transfer from an amplifier to the transducer was increased. Also, the investigation showed how the ‘real’ component of impedance of the different stacks varied with frequency. In a tuned resonant electrical circuit, the resistive component of the impedance, if considered as a loss, would be the lowest that could be achieved with such a magnetic circuit. Consequently, the losses associated with resonant magnetostrictive devices, like dental scalers, can be reduced.