Tejaswi Chavan

Guduchi (Tinospora sp.) is referred to as one of the most versatile rejuvenating herb in Ayurvedic system of medicine. Although the literature is available for various medicinal uses of Tinospora sp., the systematic nutritional analysis of the plant has not yet been reported. In the present study, we report the nutritional characteristics of Satwa, an ayurvedic formulation, prepared from three different species of Tinospora viz. T. cordifolia, T. sinensis and Neem-guduchi (T. cordifolia growing on Neem Tree). As per ayurvedic literature, the satwa is regarded as aqueous extractable solid substances with starchy material. In the present studies, satwa from Neemguduchi was found to be significantly rich in carbohydrates while satwa from T. sinensis was found to be rich in starch. The HPTLC profiling revealed characteristic concentration of one of the constituents of satwa from Neem-guduchi. The HPTLC profile and the nutritional parameters can be used for quality control procedures to prevent adulterations and to encourage the use of most potent species of guduchi. Based on the earlier studies from the authors' laboratory, it is recommended to use the satwa made from Neemguduchi and a supplement of omega 3-fatty acids for enhanced hepatocorrective and hepatoprotective actions of the formulation.

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are essential fatty acids offering multiple health benefits. They form an integral part of cell membrane and are indispensable for normal metabolism. Fish oil and flaxseed oil are among few dietary sources of these fatty acids. In present investigation, hepatoprotective potential of omega-3 fatty acids in the form of flaxseed oil and fish oil was assessed against repeated acetaminophen dosing in rats. Administration of flaxseed oil or fish oil prevented hepatic damage with marked improvement in hepatic function and normalization of lipid profiles in serum and liver. Administration of these oils normalized oxidative stress through improvements in levels of anti-oxidant enzymes and oxidative stress markers. Histological analysis showed absolutely normal hepatic architecture in flaxseed oil and fish oil treated animals and signify hepatoprotective effect of these supplements. This study is the first report of analysis of hepatoprotective potential of two different nutritional supplements of omega-3 fatty acids.

Guduchi (Tinospora sp.) is referred to as one of the most versatile rejuvenating herb in Ayurvedic system of medicine. Although the literature is available for various medicinal uses of Tinospora sp., the systematic nutritional analysis of the plant has not yet been reported. In the present study, we report the nutritional characteristics of Satwa, an ayurvedic formulation, prepared from three different species of Tinospora viz. T. cordifolia, T. sinensis and Neem-guduchi (T. cordifolia growing on Neem Tree). As per ayurvedic literature, the satwa is regarded as aqueous extractable solid substances with starchy material. In the present studies, satwa from Neemguduchi was found to be significantly rich in carbohydrates while satwa from T. sinensis was found to be rich in starch. The HPTLC profiling revealed characteristic concentration of one of the constituents of satwa from Neem-guduchi. The HPTLC profile and the nutritional parameters can be used for quality control procedures to prevent adulterations and to encourage the use of most potent species of guduchi. Based on the earlier studies from the authors' laboratory, it is recommended to use the satwa made from Neemguduchi and a supplement of omega 3-fatty acids for enhanced hepatocorrective and hepatoprotective actions of the formulation.

To investigate the possible protective effects of satwa from three Tinospora species against acetaminophen and alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Male albino wistar rats were divided into six groups (n=6); healthy control, negative control (Acetaminophen 1000mg/kg b.w./day, p.o. or 30%; alcohol 1ml/100g b.w./day, p.o.), positive control (Silymarin; 100mg/kg b.w./day, p.o.), Treatment 1 (Tinospora cordifolia satwa; 200mg/kg b.w/day p.o.), Treatment 2 (Tinospora sinensis satwa; 200mg/kg b.w/day, p.o.) and Treatment 3 (Neemgiloe satwa; 200mg/kg b.w/day., p.o.). Liver injury in the rats was induced by repeated dosing of acetaminophen or alcohol for 15 days. Expression analysis of fatty acid-binding protein 1 (FABP1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ), sterolregulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1), nuclear factor-kappa β (NF-κβ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) genes from liver were assayed by a semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Expressions of FABP1, PPARγ were downregulated while SREBP1, NF-κβ and TNF-α were upregulated in negative control. Treatment with Neemgiloe satwa upregulated the expression of FABP1 and down-regulated the expression of NF-κβ, SREBP1, TNF-α as compared to acetaminophen treated rats. Treatment with T. sinensis satwa upregulated the expression of FABP1 and PPARγ while the expression of NF-κβ and TNF-α was down-regulated as compared to alcohol-treated rats. These results suggest that the satwa from three Tinospora species exhibit different protective effects of the transcription factors and genes (inflammatory and lipid metabolism pathways). The formulation or combination of satwa may boost hepatoprotective actions can potentially be an effective liver tonic in animals.

To investigate the possible protective effects of satwa from three Tinospora species against acetaminophen and alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Male albino wistar rats were divided into six groups (n=6); healthy control, negative control (Acetaminophen 1000mg/kg b.w./day, p.o. or 30%; alcohol 1ml/100g b.w./day, p.o.), positive control (Silymarin; 100mg/kg b.w./day, p.o.), Treatment 1 (Tinospora cordifolia satwa; 200mg/kg b.w/day p.o.), Treatment 2 (Tinospora sinensis satwa; 200mg/kg b.w/day, p.o.) and Treatment 3 (Neemgiloe satwa; 200mg/kg b.w/day., p.o.). Liver injury in the rats was induced by repeated dosing of acetaminophen or alcohol for 15 days. Expression analysis of fatty acid-binding protein 1 (FABP1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ), sterolregulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1), nuclear factor-kappa β (NF-κβ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) genes from liver were assayed by a semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Expressions of FABP1, PPARγ were downregulated while SREBP1, NF-κβ and TNF-α were upregulated in negative control. Treatment with Neemgiloe satwa upregulated the expression of FABP1 and down-regulated the expression of NF-κβ, SREBP1, TNF-α as compared to acetaminophen treated rats. Treatment with T. sinensis satwa upregulated the expression of FABP1 and PPARγ while the expression of NF-κβ and TNF-α was down-regulated as compared to alcohol-treated rats. These results suggest that the satwa from three Tinospora species exhibit different protective effects of the transcription factors and genes (inflammatory and lipid metabolism pathways). The formulation or combination of satwa may boost hepatoprotective actions can potentially be an effective liver tonic in animals.

Context • Guduchi Satwa is an Ayurvedic formulation prepared from Tinospora species. It has been used since ancient times to treat liver disorders. Objectives • The study intended to assess the hepatoprotective potential of Satwa prepared from 3 forms of Tinospora against alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity. Design • Male, albino Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups, with 6 rats each: 3 control groups-healthy controls, negative controls, and positive controls-and 3 intervention groups-Tinospora cordifolia, Tinospora sinensis, and Neem-Guduchi. Setting • The study was carried out at the Animal House facility of Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University's Medical College (Maharashtra, India). Intervention • Hepatotoxicity was induced by repeated dosing with alcohol for 15 d for all groups except for the healthy controls. To induce hepatotoxicity, the 5 groups received 1 mL of 30% alcohol PO per 100 g of body weight per day. The healthy controls and the negative controls received no hepato...

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are essential fatty acids offering multiple health benefits. They form an integral part of cell membrane and are indispensable for normal metabolism. Fish oil and flaxseed oil are among few dietary sources of these fatty acids. In present investigation, hepatoprotective potential of omega-3 fatty acids in the form of flaxseed oil and fish oil was assessed against repeated acetaminophen dosing in rats. Administration of flaxseed oil or fish oil prevented hepatic damage with marked improvement in hepatic function and normalization of lipid profiles in serum and liver. Administration of these oils normalized oxidative stress through improvements in levels of anti-oxidant enzymes and oxidative stress markers. Histological analysis showed absolutely normal hepatic architecture in flaxseed oil and fish oil treated animals and signify hepatoprotective effect of these supplements. This study is the first report of analysis of hepatoprotective potential of...

In today’s world, liver diseases are serious health problem. Liver plays key role in regulating the nutritional state and the energy balance in the body. Nutritional supplements and traditional medicinal plants can provide many invaluable drugs to the modern drug industry. Hepatoprotective agents, nutritional supplements and herbal formulations with scientifically documented hepatocellular proliferation activities can be included in treatment for liver diseases. Due to their efficacy and safety, these therapies are in great demand in the developed world for primary health care. With the availability of modern techniques, it is now possible to standardize, optimize, and test these herbal plants and nutritional supplements clinically, for their effective use. Many medicinal plants and nutritional supplements are being used since ancient time owing to their spectrum of activities like antimicrobial, cytotoxic, anti-diabetic, antiinflammatory etc. Treatment of liver disorders can be rev...

Context • Guduchi Satwa is an Ayurvedic formulation prepared from Tinospora species. It has been used since ancient times to treat liver disorders. Objectives • The study intended to assess the hepatoprotective potential of Satwa prepared from 3 forms of Tinospora against alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity. Design • Male, albino Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups, with 6 rats each: 3 control groups-healthy controls, negative controls, and positive controls-and 3 intervention groups-Tinospora cordifolia, Tinospora sinensis, and Neem-Guduchi. Setting • The study was carried out at the Animal House facility of Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University's Medical College (Maharashtra, India). Intervention • Hepatotoxicity was induced by repeated dosing with alcohol for 15 d for all groups except for the healthy controls. To induce hepatotoxicity, the 5 groups received 1 mL of 30% alcohol PO per 100 g of body weight per day. The healthy controls and the negative controls received no hepato...

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are essential fatty acids offering multiple health benefits. They form an integral part of cell membrane and are indispensable for normal metabolism. Fish oil and flaxseed oil are among few dietary sources of these fatty acids. In present investigation, hepatoprotective potential of omega-3 fatty acids in the form of flaxseed oil and fish oil was assessed against repeated acetaminophen dosing in rats. Administration of flaxseed oil or fish oil prevented hepatic damage with marked improvement in hepatic function and normalization of lipid profiles in serum and liver. Administration of these oils normalized oxidative stress through improvements in levels of anti-oxidant enzymes and oxidative stress markers. Histological analysis showed absolutely normal hepatic architecture in flaxseed oil and fish oil treated animals and signify hepatoprotective effect of these supplements. This study is the first report of analysis of hepatoprotective potential of...