Saira Rasul

The paper examines the relationship among foreign aid, per capita GDP, energy consumption, foreign direct investment and carbon emissions in Pakistan. Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing technique is used for empirically testing using annual data from 1972 to 2013. The study uses carbon dioxide emission (CO2) as an indicator of environment quality. The two components of foreign aid (foreign loans and foreign grants) are used to measure the environmental impact of foreign assistance in Pakistan. The study finds that energy consumption, per capita GDP and FDI contribute positively to raise the carbon emissions in the country. Furthermore, foreign loans and grants are also found significant contributors to the degradation of environmental quality in case of Pakistan. Similarly, the short run results of the model indicate that the signs of the coefficients are consistent with the long run estimates. On the basis of its findings, the study suggests that effective policie...

This study aimed at analysing the factor of parental choice for public-private schools in the area of Rawalpindi-Islamabad, Pakistan. For this purpose 150 parents, having at least one child attending school, were approached. Dependent variables in the present study are number of child in private school, number of child in public school, number of girls in private school and number of boys in private school. Independent variables are parent’s income, parent’s education, private school fee, quality of education, confidence building, infrastructure and values. Negative Binomial Regression was used and it was found that quality of education and mother’s education are significant factors in sending girls to private school. Parent’s income and private school fee are positive significant factors in sending children to private schools and negative significant factor in sending children to public schools. The constructs like quality of education, confidence building, infrastructure and value...

This paper examines the effects of openness of trade on macroeconomic variables and GDP growth in Pakistan and India. For this purpose, Annual data ranging from 1972 to 2014 taken from World Development Indicators (WDI) including GDP, trade openness, employment rate, exchange rate, inflation and FDI. Johansen’s co-integration test has been used to test the log run association among considered variables. Augmented Dicky Fuller (ADF) is also used to check the data stationarity. Empirical results show that there exist a long run association among the variables. By employing simple ordinary least square test, we come to know that trade openness has significant impact on GDP in both Pakistan and India. Exchange rate also have significant impact on GDP in both Pakistan and India. Inflation has negative impact on GDP in case of Pakistan. Whereas, FDI has negative impact on GDP in case of India. In conclusion, we can say that policy makers of both countries must be very keen observer on the...