Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis is one of the most important tests in the diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Although CSF analysis is most commonly used in neurological pathological conditions, it also has its place in... more
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis is one of the most important tests in the diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Although CSF analysis is most commonly used in neurological pathological conditions, it also has its place in psychiatry. Studies to date have described several valuable specific cytomorphological phenomena in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with acute schizophrenia, which indicate inflammatory or immune-mediated etiopathogenesis of the disease. Additional and long-term research is needed to confirm and standardize the importance of cytological analysis of cerebrospinal fluid in the diagnosis and etiopathogenesis of acute schizophrenia.
Research Interests:
The aim of the study was to assess the intensity and distribution of galectin-3 expression in benign and malignant thyroid neoplasms by immunohistochemical method. Immunohistochemical expression of galectin-3 was analyzed in surgical... more
The aim of the study was to assess the intensity and distribution of galectin-3 expression in benign and malignant thyroid neoplasms by immunohistochemical method. Immunohistochemical expression of galectin-3 was analyzed in surgical thyroid specimens from 82 patients with histopathologic diagnosis of follicular adenoma (n = 32), Hürthle cell adenoma (n = 10) and papillary carcinoma (n = 40). Results of intracytoplasmatic and intranuclear expression of galectin-3 were scored using a semi-quantitative scale for intensity. Intracytoplasmatic expression ofgalectin-3 was positive in 18 (43%) benign neoplasms and in all 40 malignant neoplasms. The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of intracytoplasmatic expression of galectin-3 as a malignant marker in thyroid neoplasms were 78.1%, 100% and 57.1%, respectively. Intracytoplasmatic expression of galectin-3 was positive in 10 (31%) cases of follicular adenoma and 8 (80%) cases of Hürthle cell adenoma. The accuracy, sensitivity and specif...
Research Interests:
The main purpose of thyroid FNA (fine needle aspiration) is to separate malignant and possibly malignant nodules from benign thyroid lesions. Every patient with thyroid nodule is a candidate for FNA. Before a decision to perform an FNA, a... more
The main purpose of thyroid FNA (fine needle aspiration) is to separate malignant and possibly malignant nodules from benign thyroid lesions. Every patient with thyroid nodule is a candidate for FNA. Before a decision to perform an FNA, a complete history, a physical examination directed to the thyroid and cervical lymph nodes, a serum thyrotropin level, and thyroid ultrasound should be obtained. Thyroid lesion with a maximum diameter greater than 1.5 cm or nodule of any size with sonographically suspicious features is an indication for FNA. Ultrasound-guided FNA of the thyroid is recommended. The requisition form that accompanies FNA should contain the identifying data, location and size of the nodule, and relevant laboratory and clinical data. FNA diagnosis of thyroid disease is a clinicocytologic diagnosis, and correlation with clinical findings is mandatory for success. Thyroid FNA classification scheme consists of a four diagnostic categories according to the risk of malignancy...
Research Interests:
Despite the extensive research, molecular markers for separating benign and malignant neoplasms or identification of the subgroup of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and higher risk for more aggressive biological behaviour... more
Despite the extensive research, molecular markers for separating benign and malignant neoplasms or identification of the subgroup of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and higher risk for more aggressive biological behaviour are yet to be found. The connection of Piwil2 and HMGA2 overexpression, either proteins or genes, with more aggressive clinical course was identified in several malignant neoplasms. Recent studies were focused on separating benign and malignant thyroid tumors. The correlation between piwil2 and HMGA2 overexpression and clinical progression of PTC has not been investgated. The aim of this research was immunohistochemical analysis of piwil2 and HMGA2 expression in PTC with and without regional lymph node metastasis (RLNM) as well as in follicular adenomas (FA), hyperplastic nodules (HN) and non-neoplastic thyroid tissue (NNTT). By retrospective analysis of 150 tissue samples (30 PTC with RLNM and 30 PTC without RLNM, 30 FA, 30 HN, 30 NNTT) it was dete...
Research Interests:
The aim of the study was to assess the intensity and distribution of galectin-3 expression in benign and malignant thyroid neoplasms by immunohistochemical method. Immunohistochemical expression of galectin-3 was analyzed in surgical... more
The aim of the study was to assess the intensity and distribution of galectin-3 expression in benign and malignant thyroid neoplasms by immunohistochemical method. Immunohistochemical expression of galectin-3 was analyzed in surgical thyroid specimens from 82 patients with histopathologic diagnosis of follicular adenoma (n = 32), Hürthle cell adenoma (n = 10) and papillary carcinoma (n = 40). Results of intracytoplasmatic and intranuclear expression of galectin-3 were scored using a semi-quantitative scale for intensity. Intracytoplasmatic expression ofgalectin-3 was positive in 18 (43%) benign neoplasms and in all 40 malignant neoplasms. The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of intracytoplasmatic expression of galectin-3 as a malignant marker in thyroid neoplasms were 78.1%, 100% and 57.1%, respectively. Intracytoplasmatic expression of galectin-3 was positive in 10 (31%) cases of follicular adenoma and 8 (80%) cases of Hürthle cell adenoma. The accuracy, sensitivity and specif...
Research Interests:
Mixed Papillary and Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Case Report Mixed medullarypapillarythyroid carcinomas are rare tumors. On routine examination, a 50- year- oldwoman was found to have a thyroid nodule. Ultrasound (US) reveald a bilobate... more
Mixed Papillary and Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Case Report Mixed medullarypapillarythyroid carcinomas are rare tumors. On routine examination, a 50- year- oldwoman was found to have a thyroid nodule. Ultrasound (US) reveald a bilobate gland of normal size, with a nodule 10 mm in greatest diameter in the lower part of the right lobe. Hormone analysis showed euthyroidism. The routine percutaneous US- guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) was performed using 22- gauge needle. The aspirate was smeared and stained routinely. The FNA showed abundant cellularity with follicular and papillary structures. In addition, other population of tumor cells were pleomorphic, large, with occasional binucleation and multinucleation, coarse chromatin and prominent nucleoli in clusters and singly. The intranuclear cytoplasmic invaginations were found in some cells. The cytological diagnosis of the dedifferentiated carcinoma was made and surgical treatment was recommended. The hystological diagnosis wa...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Aim: To investigate characteristics and clinical significance of nodules in multinodular thyroid if one nodule is papillary carcinoma (PC). Methods: We investigated 97 patients with a multinodular thyroid (proved by ultrasonography) and... more
Aim: To investigate characteristics and clinical significance of nodules in multinodular thyroid if one nodule is papillary carcinoma (PC). Methods: We investigated 97 patients with a multinodular thyroid (proved by ultrasonography) and pathohistological diagnosis of PC. We assessed following variables: age and gender, FNA diagnosis, PC nodule size and dominance, intraglandular dissemination (ID), regional lymph node (RLN) status, and distribution of diagnoses of the other nodules. Results: Among 97 patients with PC (87 females and 10 males, median age 52), additional diagnoses were: 64 patients had nodular goiter (NG), 28 had ID, 26 had Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT), and 7 had follicular/Hurthle cell adenoma. 29 patients had more than one additional diagnosis. FNA diagnoses were PC or suspicious of PC in 95 patients, suspicious of follicular neoplasm in 1 patient, and inadequate material in one patient. Patients with additional NG or additional HT had a smaller average PC nodule size ...
Research Interests:
The aim of of the study was to investigate the possible changes of primary fine needle aspiration (FNA) diagnoses after subsequent check ups. We investigated 948 thyroid nodules and the main indications for repeat FNAs were... more
The aim of of the study was to investigate the possible changes of primary fine needle aspiration (FNA) diagnoses after subsequent check ups. We investigated 948 thyroid nodules and the main indications for repeat FNAs were inadequate/indeterminate FNA findings and growing nodules at ultrasound check up. FNA findings were subdivided into inadequate, benign, low-risk lesion (includes cellular follicular lesion, suspicious of follicular/Hürthle cell neoplasm, atypical Hürthle cell hyperplasia), follicular/Hürthle cell neoplasm, high-risk lesion (includes lesions suspicious of malignancy), and malignant. Of the total of 948 nodules, repeat FNA diagnoses remained within the same category in 709 (75%) nodules. Out of 38 primary inadequate FNAs, 7 (18%) remained inadequate, 24 (63%) were benign, and 3 (8%) were categorized as high-risk/malignant. Out of 659 primary benign FNAs, 587 (89%) remained benign, and 11 (2%) were categorized as high-risk/malignant. Out of 169 primary low-risk lesi...
Research Interests:
Mixed Papillary and Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Case Report Mixed medullarypapillary thyroid carcinomas are rare tumors. On routine examination, a 50- year- old woman was found to have a thyroid nodule. Ultrasound (US) reveald a... more
Mixed Papillary and Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Case Report Mixed medullarypapillary thyroid carcinomas are rare tumors. On routine examination, a 50- year- old woman was found to have a thyroid nodule. Ultrasound (US) reveald a bilobate gland of normal size, with a nodule 10 mm in greatest diameter in the lower part of the right lobe. Hormone analysis showed euthyroidism. The routine percutaneous US- guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) was performed using 22- gauge needle. The aspirate was smeared and stained routinely. The FNA showed abundant cellularity with follicular and papillary structures. In addition, other population of tumor cells were pleomorphic, large, with occasional binucleation and multinucleation, coarse chromatin and prominent nucleoli in clusters and singly. The intranuclear cytoplasmic invaginations were found in some cells. The cytological diagnosis of the dedifferentiated carcinoma was made and surgical treatment was recommended. The hystological diagnosis ...
Research Interests:
Thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is the most accurate and cost effective method in the evaluation of the thyroid nodule and has been commonly used in adults. Thyroid nodules are uncommon in younger patients (1-2%). Our aim... more
Thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is the most accurate and cost effective method in the evaluation of the thyroid nodule and has been commonly used in adults. Thyroid nodules are uncommon in younger patients (1-2%). Our aim was to determine some relevant clinical and cytological parameters in this demographic group. Ultrasound-guided thyroid FNACs performed from May 1995 to June 2008 in patients under 18 years of age were retrospectively reviewed. The following clinical parameters were retrieved: age and gender, number of nodules, and nodule size. Cytological parameters included cytologic diagnosis and cyto-pathohistological correlation. Total of 236 cases, representing 206 patients under 18 years of age, were retrieved from a total of 11748 thyroid FNAC cases (2.0%). The patient's age ranged from 2 to 18 years (mean 14). There were 180 (87.4%) females and 26 (12.6%) males with a female/male ratio 4:1. For 56 patients data concerning the number of nodules were recor...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
The aim of of the study was to investigate the possible changes of primary fine needle aspiration (FNA) diagnoses after subsequent check ups. We investigated 948 thyroid nodules and the main indications for repeat FNAs were... more
The aim of of the study was to investigate the possible changes of primary fine needle aspiration (FNA) diagnoses after subsequent check ups. We investigated 948 thyroid nodules and the main indications for repeat FNAs were inadequate/indeterminate FNA findings and growing nodules at ultrasound check up. FNA findings were subdivided into inadequate, benign, low-risk lesion (includes cellular follicular lesion, suspicious of follicular/Hürthle cell neoplasm, atypical Hürthle cell hyperplasia), follicular/Hürthle cell neoplasm, high-risk lesion (includes lesions suspicious of malignancy), and malignant. Of the total of 948 nodules, repeat FNA diagnoses remained within the same category in 709 (75%) nodules. Out of 38 primary inadequate FNAs, 7 (18%) remained inadequate, 24 (63%) were benign, and 3 (8%) were categorized as high-risk/malignant. Out of 659 primary benign FNAs, 587 (89%) remained benign, and 11 (2%) were categorized as high-risk/malignant. Out of 169 primary low-risk lesi...
Research Interests:
The aim of of the study was to investigate the possible changes of primary fine needle aspiration (FNA) diagnoses after subsequent check ups. We investigated 948 thyroid nodules and the main indications for repeat FNAs were... more
The aim of of the study was to investigate the possible changes of primary fine needle aspiration (FNA) diagnoses after subsequent check ups. We investigated 948 thyroid nodules and the main indications for repeat FNAs were inadequate/indeterminate FNA findings and growing nodules at ultrasound check up. FNA findings were subdivided into inadequate, benign, low-risk lesion (includes cellular follicular lesion, suspicious of follicular/Hürthle cell neoplasm, atypical Hürthle cell hyperplasia), follicular/Hürthle cell neoplasm, high-risk lesion (includes lesions suspicious of malignancy), and malignant. Of the total of 948 nodules, repeat FNA diagnoses remained within the same category in 709 (75%) nodules. Out of 38 primary inadequate FNAs, 7 (18%) remained inadequate, 24 (63%) were benign, and 3 (8%) were categorized as high-risk/malignant. Out of 659 primary benign FNAs, 587 (89%) remained benign, and 11 (2%) were categorized as high-risk/malignant. Out of 169 primary low-risk lesi...
Research Interests:
The main purpose of thyroid FNA (fine needle aspiration) is to separate malignant and possibly malignant nodules from benign thyroid lesions. Every patient with thyroid nodule is a candidate for FNA. Before a decision to perform an FNA, a... more
The main purpose of thyroid FNA (fine needle aspiration) is to separate malignant and possibly malignant nodules from benign thyroid lesions. Every patient with thyroid nodule is a candidate for FNA. Before a decision to perform an FNA, a complete history, a physical examination directed to the thyroid and cervical lymph nodes, a serum thyrotropin level, and thyroid ultrasound should be obtained. Thyroid lesion with a maximum diameter greater than 1.5 cm or nodule of any size with sonographically suspicious features is an indication for FNA. Ultrasound-guided FNA of the thyroid is recommended. The requisition form that accompanies FNA should contain the identifying data, location and size of the nodule, and relevant laboratory and clinical data. FNA diagnosis of thyroid disease is a clinicocytologic diagnosis, and correlation with clinical findings is mandatory for success. Thyroid FNA classification scheme consists of a four diagnostic categories according to the risk of malignancy...
Research Interests:
The aim of the study was to assess the intensity and distribution of galectin-3 expression in benign and malignant thyroid neoplasms by immunohistochemical method. Immunohistochemical expression of galectin-3 was analyzed in surgical... more
The aim of the study was to assess the intensity and distribution of galectin-3 expression in benign and malignant thyroid neoplasms by immunohistochemical method. Immunohistochemical expression of galectin-3 was analyzed in surgical thyroid specimens from 82 patients with histopathologic diagnosis of follicular adenoma (n = 32), Hürthle cell adenoma (n = 10) and papillary carcinoma (n = 40). Results of intracytoplasmatic and intranuclear expression of galectin-3 were scored using a semi-quantitative scale for intensity. Intracytoplasmatic expression ofgalectin-3 was positive in 18 (43%) benign neoplasms and in all 40 malignant neoplasms. The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of intracytoplasmatic expression of galectin-3 as a malignant marker in thyroid neoplasms were 78.1%, 100% and 57.1%, respectively. Intracytoplasmatic expression of galectin-3 was positive in 10 (31%) cases of follicular adenoma and 8 (80%) cases of Hürthle cell adenoma. The accuracy, sensitivity and specif...
Research Interests:
Thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is the most accurate and cost effective method in the evaluation of the thyroid nodule and has been commonly used in adults. Thyroid nodules are uncommon in younger patients (1-2%). Our aim... more
Thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is the most accurate and cost effective method in the evaluation of the thyroid nodule and has been commonly used in adults. Thyroid nodules are uncommon in younger patients (1-2%). Our aim was to determine some relevant clinical and cytological parameters in this demographic group. Ultrasound-guided thyroid FNACs performed from May 1995 to June 2008 in patients under 18 years of age were retrospectively reviewed. The following clinical parameters were retrieved: age and gender, number of nodules, and nodule size. Cytological parameters included cytologic diagnosis and cyto-pathohistological correlation. Total of 236 cases, representing 206 patients under 18 years of age, were retrieved from a total of 11748 thyroid FNAC cases (2.0%). The patient's age ranged from 2 to 18 years (mean 14). There were 180 (87.4%) females and 26 (12.6%) males with a female/male ratio 4:1. For 56 patients data concerning the number of nodules were recor...