Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Introduction Everyday assertions are not always simply true or false. They may refer to future events; they may refer to imaginary, mythological or fictional creatures or personae; they may be enigmatic or even paradoxical. In all these... more
Introduction Everyday assertions are not always simply true or false. They may refer to future events; they may refer to imaginary, mythological or fictional creatures or personae; they may be enigmatic or even paradoxical. In all these cases, we encounter indeterminate ...
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18 Grounded rationality A relativist framework for normative rationality Shira Elqayam De Montfort University An old Jewish story tells about two litigants appearing before the town's rabbi. The first litigant having presented his... more
18 Grounded rationality A relativist framework for normative rationality Shira Elqayam De Montfort University An old Jewish story tells about two litigants appearing before the town's rabbi. The first litigant having presented his case, the rabbi tells him: You are right. Then the second ...
Chapter 8 Conditionals and non-constructive reasoning David E. Over, Jonathan St. BT Evans, and Shira Elqayam Introduction A key feature of human intelligence is the facility for hypothetical thinking. By this we mean the ability to run... more
Chapter 8 Conditionals and non-constructive reasoning David E. Over, Jonathan St. BT Evans, and Shira Elqayam Introduction A key feature of human intelligence is the facility for hypothetical thinking. By this we mean the ability to run mental simulations by making suppositions ...
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Research Interests:
Faced with extreme demands, hypothetical thinking runs the danger of total failure. Paradoxical propositions such as the Liar... more
Faced with extreme demands, hypothetical thinking runs the danger of total failure. Paradoxical propositions such as the Liar ("I am lying") provide an opportunity to test it to its limits, while the Liar's nonparadoxical counterpart, the Truthteller ("I am telling the truth"), provides a useful comparison. Two experiments are reported, one with abstract materials ("If I am a knave then I live in Emerald City") and one with belief-laden materials (a judge says: "If I am a knave then I enjoy pop music"). In both experiments, conditionals with Truthteller-type antecedents were…
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We present a suppositional theory of disjunctive reasoning that proposes that 'either-or', like 'if', triggers hypothetical thinking. However, disjunctions are more complex as they require the reasoner to consider two... more
We present a suppositional theory of disjunctive reasoning that proposes that 'either-or', like 'if', triggers hypothetical thinking. However, disjunctions are more complex as they require the reasoner to consider two hypotheses, violating the singularity principle. Hence one of the ...