Papers by Russell Ciochon
American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 2008
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Proceedings of The National Academy of Sciences, 2001
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Ichnos-an International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces, 2011
Recent fieldwork in the Ombilin Basin of west-central Sumatra resulted in the discovery of two di... more Recent fieldwork in the Ombilin Basin of west-central Sumatra resulted in the discovery of two distinct types of avian footprints, both referable to the ichnogenus Aquatilavipes. The footprints were discovered in the Oligocene Sawahlunto Formation in a creek side outcrop near the Kandi Ombilin Mine. Aquatilavipes wallacei is a small species of Aquatilavipes ( 19 mm wide; 27 mm long) with elongate third digits, wide total divarication angles (120–150°) and inwardly curved peripheral digits. Aquatilavipes ichnospecies A are also small traces (average 21 mm wide; 31 mm long) with elongate third digits and straight to slightly outwardly curved peripheral digits. These traces are similar in morphology to those of small modern shorebirds such as rails (Rallidae), sandpipers (Scolapacidae) or plovers (Charadriinae).The Sawahlunto traces occur in very fine-grained to fine-grained sandstone characterized by low-relief current ripples, many of which exhibit mud-draping. A low diversity invertebrate trace fossil assemblage consisting of Arenicolites, Diplocraterion, Planolites, Monocraterion, Skolithos and Coenobichnus co-occurs with the bird footprints. This succession is interpreted as intertidal sand flats. Probe and peck marks preserved on the same bedding planes as the bird footprints support the interpretation that these birds occupied the Kandi intertidal flats for foraging purposes.
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Journal of Human Evolution, 2009
A sequence of paleosols in the Solo Basin, Central Java, Indonesia, documents the local and regio... more A sequence of paleosols in the Solo Basin, Central Java, Indonesia, documents the local and regional environments present when Homo erectus spread through Southeast Asia during the early Pleistocene. The earliest human immigrants encountered a low-relief lake-margin landscape dominated by moist grasslands with open woodlands in the driest landscape positions. By 1.5 Ma, large streams filled the lake and the landscape became more riverine in nature, with riparian forests, savanna, and open woodland. Paleosol morphology and carbon isotope values of soil organic matter and pedogenic carbonates indicate a long-term shift toward regional drying or increased duration of the annual dry season through the early Pleistocene. This suggests that an annual dry season associated with monsoon conditions was an important aspect of the paleoclimate in which early humans spread from Africa to Southeast Asia.
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Proceedings of The National Academy of Sciences
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Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, 2004
The Sangiran Dome is the primary stratigraphic window for the Solo Basin, a coastal feature on th... more The Sangiran Dome is the primary stratigraphic window for the Solo Basin, a coastal feature on the Pliocene–Pleistocene Sunda subcontinent south margin. In the Dome, the Lower Lahar unit (LLU) is a lahar-type debris flow overlying near-shore marine sediments. The event that emplaced the LLU likely originated from sector collapse on a neighboring volcanic edifice. Freshwater mollusc fossils in the LLU indicate that swamps or shallow lakes lay between the edifice and the current Dome area. 40Ar/39Ar analyses on hornblende separates from six pumice lenses suggest that the LLU was deposited as early as 1.90±0.02 Ma. The event resulting in deposition of the LLU transformed late Pliocene near-shore marine environments into estuarine and marsh settings. Shortly thereafter, glacioeustatic sea level falls completed the local transition to fully terrestrial environments that attracted Homo erectus to southernmost Sunda in the Early Pleistocene.
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International Journal of Primatology, 2000
Jablonski and Tyler (1999) announced a new subspecies of colobine monkey based on a fossil partia... more Jablonski and Tyler (1999) announced a new subspecies of colobine monkey based on a fossil partial maxilla from the Sangiran dome. The specimen is easily assigned to a living leaf monkey species—most extant Southeast Asian catarrhines differ only subspecifically from their Middle Pleistocene earliest local fossil ancestors. Yet Jablonski and Tyler (1999) reported an improbable provenance for the specimen; a mass-flow volcanic breccia generally considered late Pliocene in age. We show that the Lower Lahar was laid down amidst a range of paludal habitats and that its deposition predates the appearance of all-but-now extinct, water-tolerant mammals on emergent Java. No other catarrhine fossil has been ascribed to the Lower Lahar, not even hominins, which are the most gregarious members of the group. More probable provenance lies in the upper Sangiran or the lower Bapang formations. Either alternative would associate the specimen with other catarrhine fossils in more tenable Pleistocene environments. We also unravel errors and inconsistencies in the contextual report and in the discussion of dome geochronology. The various radiometric, paleomagnetic, and paleontologic studies cited show a discordance of about 300 Ka (thousand years) across the lithostratigraphic sequence. Plio-Pleistocene biogeographic hypotheses for Java must work with short and long chronologies.
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Journal of Human Evolution, 2011
Sangiran (Solo Basin, Central Java, Indonesia) is the singular Homo erectus fossil locale for Ear... more Sangiran (Solo Basin, Central Java, Indonesia) is the singular Homo erectus fossil locale for Early Pleistocene Southeast Asia. Sangiran is the source for more than 80 specimens in deposits with 40Ar/39Ar ages of 1.51–0.9 Ma. In April 2001, we recovered a H. erectus left maxilla fragment (preserving P3- M2) from the Sangiran site of Bapang. The find spot lies at the base of the Bapang Formation type section in cemented gravelly sands traditionally called the Grenzbank Zone. Two meters above the find spot, pumice hornblende has produced an 40Ar/39Ar age of 1.51 ± 0.08 Ma. With the addition of Bpg 2001.04, Sangiran now has five H. erectus maxillae. We compare the new maxilla with homologs representing Sangiran H. erectus, Zhoukoudian H. erectus, Western H. erectus (pooled African and Georgian specimens), and Homo habilis. Greatest contrast is with the Zhoukoudian maxillae, which appear to exhibit a derived pattern of premolar-molar relationships compared to Western and Sangiran H. erectus. The dental patterns suggest distinct demic origins for the earlier H. erectus populations represented at Sangiran and the later population represented at Zhoukoudian. These two east Asian populations, separated by 5000 km and nearly 800 k.yr., may have had separate origins from different African/west Eurasian populations.
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Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2012
... First 471 evidence of Miocene avian tracks from Sumatra. Berita Sedimentologi 20, 5-6. 472 Zh... more ... First 471 evidence of Miocene avian tracks from Sumatra. Berita Sedimentologi 20, 5-6. 472 Zhang, G., Buatois, LA, Mángano , MG, Aceñolaza, FG, 1998. ... 475 23 Zonneveld, JP., Zaim, Y., Rizal, Y., Ciochan, RL, Bettis III, EA, Aswan, and 476 Gunnell, GF, in press. ...
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ABSTRACT
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Dragon Bone Hill, 2004
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Dragon Bone Hill, 2004
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Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology, 2014
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Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association, 1996
... (Hooijer 1960) Presbytis sp. : (Hooijer 1962) Trachypithecus cristatus : (Hooijer 1962) Macac... more ... (Hooijer 1960) Presbytis sp. : (Hooijer 1962) Trachypithecus cristatus : (Hooijer 1962) Macaca minestrina : (Hooijer 1962) Ursus malayanus : (Hooijer 1948a) Paradoxurus hermaphroditus : (by JdV ... Ailuropoda melanoleuca S . . . Paradoxurus hermaphroditus 11 a few . ...
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Quaternary Research, 1984
logo Librairie Lavoisier. Services Commerciaux 14, rue de Provigny 94236 CACHAN CEDEX FRANCE Tél.... more logo Librairie Lavoisier. Services Commerciaux 14, rue de Provigny 94236 CACHAN CEDEX FRANCE Tél.: +33 (0)1 47 40 67 00 Fax: +33 (0)1 47 40 67 02. Magasin 11, rue Lavoisier 75008PARIS Tél.: +33(0)1 42 65 39 95 Fax: +33 (0)1 42 65 02 46. ... Auteur : CIOCHON Russell. ...
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Human Evolution, Jul 1, 1999
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Deep Blue encourages the fair use of copyrighted material, and you are free to link to content he... more Deep Blue encourages the fair use of copyrighted material, and you are free to link to content here without asking for permission. Consult the document (s) and/or contact the copyright holder for additional rights questions and requests.
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Nature, Jun 18, 2009
Fossil finds of early humans in southeast Asia may actually be the remains of an unknown ape. Rus... more Fossil finds of early humans in southeast Asia may actually be the remains of an unknown ape. Russell Ciochon says that many palaeoanthropologists - including himself - have been mistaken.
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Papers by Russell Ciochon