Research Interests:
Considering that an Einstein clock can travel at a speed no greater than c, from the principle of relativity, a kinematic time dilation factor can be derived whose value cannot be greater than 2 . In fact, however, the kinematic time... more
Considering that an Einstein clock can travel at a speed no greater than c, from the principle of relativity, a kinematic time dilation factor can be derived whose value cannot be greater than 2 . In fact, however, the kinematic time dilation factor γ can approach an infinite value. This discrepancy demonstrates that the derivation of the kinematic time dilation factor γ in Einstein's special relativity (SR) cannot be physically justified by the principle of relativity, and that it is not physically possible that the speed of light is constant in any frame of reference. The mathematical method of Einstein's SR, which I refer to as the “mathematical method of relativity,” allows the calculation of constant physical values from different quantities of any physical unit and is thus scientifically worthless. Accordingly, it is not surprising that it is possible to predict so-called general relativistic phenomena, e.g., the phenomena observed at the binary pulsar PSR B1913 + 16, just by applying Kepler's second law and simple quantum physical considerations [R. G. Ziefle, Phys. Essays 33, 99 (2020)]. A careful interpretation of interferometer experiments on Earth clearly shows that there is in fact no need for artificial time acceleration by length contraction. However, today's physicists seem to be lost in mathematics. The aim of this paper is to contribute to a physical theory of relativity that does not require mathematical tricks, such as time acceleration (length contraction), space-time curvature, and other mathematical tricks that follow from Einstein's mathematical methods and uphold the illusion that the belief in a constant speed of light c in any frame of reference is physically justified.
Research Interests:
Einstein’s special and general relativity are relics from before quantum physics. If forces are transmitted by quanta, this must also apply to gravity. As light consist of quanta, it is only logical that gravitational quanta interact with... more
Einstein’s special and general relativity are relics from before quantum physics. If forces are transmitted by quanta, this must also apply to gravity. As light consist of quanta, it is only logical that gravitational quanta interact with light. In my article “Cognitive bias in physics with respect to Einstein’s relativity, demonstrated by the famous experiment of Pound and Rebka (1960), which in reality refutes Einstein’s general relativity” [R. G. Ziefle, Phys. Essays 35, 91 (2022)], I could demonstrate that Einstein’s “proper time” t 0 does not refer to reference frames but to gravitational potentials. That is why “Newtonian quantum gravity” [R. G. Ziefle, Phys. Essays 33, 99 (2020)] can predict the correct curvature of a light beam at the surface of the Sun. Also, the phenomena observed at the binary pulsar PSR B1913 + 16 can precisely be predicted by merely applying Kepler’s second law. If gravitational quanta move away from masses with the constant speed c of light, this coincides with Einstein’s postulate of a constant speed c of light with respect to reference frames, as a mass, such as a star or a planet, can also be defined as a reference frame. Therefore, Einstein’s found by chance an artificial and complicated method to calculate changes in space-time caused by motion, which are in reality additional gravitational effects caused by the relative velocity between gravitational quanta emitted by masses and other masses or photons.
Research Interests:
The theory of special and general relativity causes a “schizophrenic” dilemma in physics. It undeniably provides mathematically correct values, but it is undeniably epistemologically wrong in many respects. Including the relativistic... more
The theory of special and general relativity causes a “schizophrenic” dilemma in physics. It undeniably provides mathematically correct values, but it is undeniably epistemologically wrong in many respects. Including the relativistic explanation of the gravitational “time dilation” and the curvature of light beams at the surfaces of large masses, the author demonstrates the illogical character of relativistic physics. When one thinks the relativistic explanations of gravitational time dilatation and of the curvature of light rays by masses through to the end, they lead to absurd and contradictory logical conclusions.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
The physical mystery behind the constancy of the velocity of light is solved after the bias blind spot of Einstein's relativistic physics was illuminated precisely. We have given the physical law f = c/λ. The relative frequency... more
The physical mystery behind the constancy of the velocity of light is solved after the bias blind spot of Einstein's relativistic physics was illuminated precisely. We have given the physical law f = c/λ. The relative frequency shifts of the longitudinal Doppler effect are calculated from the frequency ratio of the frequency f r at the receiver and the frequency f e at the emitter. The very small frequency shift of the so-called relativistic time dilation factor can be neglected for low velocities. Comparing electromagnetic radiation, when receiver and emitter are at rest, the wavelengths must be the same and are canceling, so that we obtain: f r/f e = (c/λ r)/c/λ e) = c/c = 1/1. If the relative velocity c of light were constant in any inertial frame, independent of the motion of the receiver and emitter, no shift of wavelength and frequency would be possible. Einstein's special relativity excludes the possibility of the longitudinal Doppler effect. The longitudinal Doppler effect is explained according to relativity in dependence of gravity (RG), by which Einstein's illogical relativity is replaced. Why do we always measure the constant velocity c on Earth is now physically understandable.
Research Interests:
Considering that an Einstein clock can travel at a speed no greater than c, from the principle of relativity, a kinematic time dilation factor can be derived whose value cannot be greater than 2 . In fact, however, the kinematic time... more
Considering that an Einstein clock can travel at a speed no greater than c, from the principle of relativity, a kinematic time dilation factor can be derived whose value cannot be greater than 2 . In fact, however, the kinematic time dilation factor γ can approach an infinite value. This discrepancy demonstrates that the derivation of the kinematic time dilation factor γ in Einstein's special relativity (SR) cannot be physically justified by the principle of relativity, and that it is not physically possible that the speed of light is constant in any frame of reference. The mathematical method of Einstein's SR, which I refer to as the “mathematical method of relativity,” allows the calculation of constant physical values from different quantities of any physical unit and is thus scientifically worthless. Accordingly, it is not surprising that it is possible to predict so-called general relativistic phenomena, e.g., the phenomena observed at the binary pulsar PSR B1913 + 16, ...
Research Interests:
The physical mystery behind the constancy of the velocity of light is solved after the bias blind spot of Einstein's relativistic physics was illuminated precisely. We have given the physical law f = c/λ. The relative frequency... more
The physical mystery behind the constancy of the velocity of light is solved after the bias blind spot of Einstein's relativistic physics was illuminated precisely. We have given the physical law f = c/λ. The relative frequency shifts of the longitudinal Doppler effect are calculated from the frequency ratio of the frequency f r at the receiver and the frequency f e at the emitter. The very small frequency shift of the so-called relativistic time dilation factor can be neglected for low velocities. Comparing electromagnetic radiation, when receiver and emitter are at rest, the wavelengths must be the same and are canceling, so that we obtain: f r/f e = (c/λ r)/c/λ e) = c/c = 1/1. If the relative velocity c of light were constant in any inertial frame, independent of the motion of the receiver and emitter, no shift of wavelength and frequency would be possible. Einstein's special relativity excludes the possibility of the longitudinal Doppler effect. The longitudinal Dopple...
Research Interests:
Einstein’s special and general relativity are relics from before quantum physics. If forces are transmitted by quanta, this must also apply to gravity. As light consist of quanta, it is only logical that gravitational quanta interact with... more
Einstein’s special and general relativity are relics from before quantum physics. If forces are transmitted by quanta, this must also apply to gravity. As light consist of quanta, it is only logical that gravitational quanta interact with light. In my article “Cognitive bias in physics with respect to Einstein’s relativity, demonstrated by the famous experiment of Pound and Rebka (1960), which in reality refutes Einstein’s general relativity” [R. G. Ziefle, Phys. Essays 35, 91 (2022)], I could demonstrate that Einstein’s “proper time” t 0 does not refer to reference frames but to gravitational potentials. That is why “Newtonian quantum gravity” [R. G. Ziefle, Phys. Essays 33, 99 (2020)] can predict the correct curvature of a light beam at the surface of the Sun. Also, the phenomena observed at the binary pulsar PSR B1913 + 16 can precisely be predicted by merely applying Kepler’s second law. If gravitational quanta move away from masses with the constant speed c of light, this coinc...
Research Interests:
Einstein’s general relativity postulates that, at each positon within a gravitational field, we must measure the same frequency f 0, but seen from a distance, the frequency at the position of another gravitational potential is different... more
Einstein’s general relativity postulates that, at each positon within a gravitational field, we must measure the same frequency f 0, but seen from a distance, the frequency at the position of another gravitational potential is different from f 0. As gravity decreases with the increase in the distance from Earth, in the Pound‐Rebka experiment at the top of the tower, the frequency of electromagnetic radiation must be higher than at the bottom. If electromagnetic radiation was able to have the same frequency f 0 at the top of the tower as at the bottom of the tower, an observer at the top of the tower would have to be able to increase gravity to the same level that gravity has at the bottom. But the decrease in gravity with an increase in the altitude cannot be reversed. It is demonstrated that the relativistic interpretation of the Pound‐Rekba experiment showing a doubling of the gravitational frequency shift for “two-way” observations violates the principle of energy conservation, w...
Research Interests:
The two equations E = h × f and E = (h × c)/λ for the quantum of energy of electromagnetic radiation provide the same result but describe electromagnetic radiation very differently. E = (h × c)/λ describes the quantum of energy of... more
The two equations E = h × f and E = (h × c)/λ for the quantum of energy of electromagnetic radiation provide the same result but describe electromagnetic radiation very differently. E = (h × c)/λ describes the quantum of energy of electromagnetic radiation to be located already in one wavelength and therefore like a particle. E = h × f describes the quantum of energy distributed over 299 792 458 m and therefore like a wave. To obtain h × f for the quantum of energy, we have to refer the quantum of energy to 299 792 458 m. Only then we obtain from E = (h × c)/(299 792 458 m), as the distance of 299 792 458 m of the velocity c is cancelling out now, E = h × 1/s = h × Hz, which is the precondition to obtain the correct value for the quantum of energy by multiplying Planck’s constant h by the frequency f. This already indicates the necessity of today's physics to have to speak of a particle-wave duality. It turns out that electromagnetic radiation consists of the first wavelength th...
Research Interests:
The theory of gravity “Newtonian quantum gravity” (NQG) is an ingeniously simple theory, because it precisely predicts so-called “general relativistic phenomena,” as, for example, that observed at the binary pulsar PSR B1913 + 16, by just... more
The theory of gravity “Newtonian quantum gravity” (NQG) is an ingeniously simple theory, because it precisely predicts so-called “general relativistic phenomena,” as, for example, that observed at the binary pulsar PSR B1913 + 16, by just applying Kepler’s second law on quantized gravitational fields. It is an irony of fate that the unsuspecting relativistic physicists still have to effort with the tensor calculations of an imaginary four-dimensional space-time. Everybody can understand that a mass that moves through space must meet more “gravitational quanta” emitted by a certain mass, if it moves faster than if it moves slower or rests against a certain mass, which must cause additional gravitational effects that must be added to the results of Newton's theory of gravity. However, today's physicists cannot recognize this because they are caught in Einstein's relativistic thinking and as general relativity can coincidentally also predict these quantum effects by a mathe...
Research Interests:
On Earth, we always measure the constant velocity c of electromagnetic radiation. Einstein assumed the velocity c of light to be constant in all inertial frames and developed his theory of special relativity by considering a light beam... more
On Earth, we always measure the constant velocity c of electromagnetic radiation. Einstein assumed the velocity c of light to be constant in all inertial frames and developed his theory of special relativity by considering a light beam that moves back and forth, whereby he derived transformations between the coordinates of two reference frames: A moving reference frame represented by the coordinate system k and the coordinate system k that is at rest with respect to k. However, by applying Einstein’s theory of relativity, with its postulates of relativistic time dilation and length contraction, to electromagnetic radiation that moves only in one direction, either in the direction of or in the opposite direction to a moving inertial frame, it is demonstrated that the constancy of the velocity c of light is not compatible with Einstein’s theory of special relativity. It becomes obvious that Einstein’s relativistic physics must be an unrealistic theory, and consequently, we need an alt...
Research Interests:
An airplane flying in the sky cannot have a higher inertial mass just because a person on the ground is watching the airplane, as well as it cannot have different inertial masses, if observed from car drivers moving on the ground with... more
An airplane flying in the sky cannot have a higher inertial mass just because a person on the ground is watching the airplane, as well as it cannot have different inertial masses, if observed from car drivers moving on the ground with different velocities. Einstein’s relativistic physics that postulates that one can influence the inertial mass of matter or the speed of physical processes (“time”) by observing another inertial frame is actually not understandable. Because the relativistic mathematical approach enables us to get usefully and numerally precise results of nature observable phenomena, relativistic physics is nevertheless generally accepted today. This can only be explained in such a way that most physicists subordinate their logical reasoning to their mathematical formalism. The author explains the constancy of the speed of light, as well as the slowing down of physical processes (time) and the increase in the inertial mass, which are caused by motion, cogently by the pr...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
The theory of special and general relativity causes a “schizophrenic” dilemma in physics. It undeniably provides mathematically correct values, but it is undeniably epistemologically wrong in many respects. Including the relativistic... more
The theory of special and general relativity causes a “schizophrenic” dilemma in physics. It undeniably provides mathematically correct values, but it is undeniably epistemologically wrong in many respects. Including the relativistic explanation of the gravitational “time dilation” and the curvature of light beams at the surfaces of large masses, the author demonstrates the illogical character of relativistic physics. When one thinks the relativistic explanations of gravitational time dilatation and of the curvature of light rays by masses through to the end, they lead to absurd and contradictory logical conclusions.
