This study considers adults' perception of subtle differences in the error productions of /r/... more This study considers adults' perception of subtle differences in the error productions of /r/ and /l/ in young children. Given that these two phonemes share a common substitution [w], the potential covert contrast between these three sounds was investigated. The utility of two perceptual rating scales was compared: a linear visual analogue scale (VAS) and a triangular scale that considered the possibility of covert contrast among /r,l,w/. Adult listeners rated speech productions from children with cochlear implants (CIs) and speech age-matched children with normal hearing (NH) as they produced VCV or CV productions with /r,l,w/ in syllable-initial position. Mahalanobis distances of the listener ratings for each stimulus on each rating scale were calculated for analysis. Ultimately, there was no difference between the ratings of the two speaker populations. However, there was a significant difference in the amount of variability captured with each scale. The triangular scale reliably captured more variability in the productions than the linear VAS. The significant effect of scale type on the spread of listeners' responses provides support for the claim that the type of rating system used can capture different aspects of a listener's perceptions, thereby suggesting that the type of rating system used in a study may significantly influence that study's findings.
Part 1 Defining normal ageing: biogerentology implications for the communication sciences, Wojtek... more Part 1 Defining normal ageing: biogerentology implications for the communication sciences, Wojtek J. Chodzko-Zajko, et al the normal ageing voice, Harry Hollien auditory perception by older adults, Karen S. Helfer language and ageing, Loraine K. Obler, et al psychological aspects of ageing, karen Hooker and Kim Shifren minority elders really ain't all alike, Jacquelyne Johnson Jackson and Donald E. Ensley. Part 2 Enhancement of communication skills: maintaining effective interaction skills, Lynne M. Webb, et al improvement of hearing function, Catherine V. Palmer promoting and preserving elders' communication skills, Ruth A. Huntley.
Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 2003
Purpose: A hallmark of autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) is disruption in theory-of-mind developme... more Purpose: A hallmark of autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) is disruption in theory-of-mind development, including the understanding of false beliefs. Previous studies have typically assessed the development of first- and second-order false belief concepts in ASD, with tasks primarily emphasizing physical causality and logical inferencing. The present study investigated how preadolescents and adolescents with ASD performed on false belief tasks that included social inferencing of psychological states as well as logical inferencing of physical states. Method: Two categories of tasks were administered: four traditional logical inferencing tasks and four social inferencing tasks specifically developed for this study. In addition, a prompt hierarchy was included to ascertain if performance on both task types improved. Participants were 45 children and adolescents primarily selected from three urban school districts: 15 adolescents with a previous diagnosis of ASD (ASD group); 15 typically d...
American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 2007
Purpose To evaluate the role of dialect on phonemic awareness and nonword spelling tasks. These t... more Purpose To evaluate the role of dialect on phonemic awareness and nonword spelling tasks. These tasks were selected for their reliance on phonological and orthographic processing, which may be influenced by dialect use. Method Eighty typically developing African American children in Grades 1 and 3 were first screened for dialect use and then completed a standardized test of phonological processing and a nonword spelling measure. The influence of dialect was analyzed in both experimental tasks, followed by a qualitative analysis of dialect use in nonword spellings. Results Dialect density measures based solely on the use of African American English (AAE) phonological features explained few differences in phonological processing scores. In contrast, correlations indicated that children with higher dialect densities produced more nonword spelling errors influenced by AAE, an effect most evident in Grade 3. Qualitative analyses revealed AAE phonological features occurring in many of the...
Page 121. 5 Language Variation and Struggling Readers: Finding Patterns in Diversity Elaine R. Si... more Page 121. 5 Language Variation and Struggling Readers: Finding Patterns in Diversity Elaine R. Silliman Ruth Huntley Bahr University of South Florida Louise C. Wilkinson Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey Candida ...
Multilingual Aspects of Speech Sound Disorders in Children, 2012
Page 288. 29 Translation to Practice: Metalinguistic Considerations for Cuban Spanish-English Bil... more Page 288. 29 Translation to Practice: Metalinguistic Considerations for Cuban Spanish-English Bilingual Children Ruth Huntley Bahr and Felix Matias Languages mentioned: American English, Cuban Spanish The Link between ...
Purpose Morphology, which is a bridge between phonology and orthography, plays an important role ... more Purpose Morphology, which is a bridge between phonology and orthography, plays an important role in the development of word-specific spellings. This study, which employed longitudinal sampling of typically developing students in Grades 3, 4, and 5, explored how the misspellings of words with derivational suffixes shed light on the interplay of phonological, orthographic, and morphological (POM) linguistic features as students learn to integrate POM features appropriately to generate correct spellings. Method Sixty typically developing Grade 3 students were tested using the Spelling subtest from the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test-Second Edition (Wechsler, 2001) and were divided into superior, average, and poor spellers. Students' spelling skill was then assessed using the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test-Second Edition annually for another 2 years. Misspelled derivations from these three testing sessions were analyzed for linguistic feature errors and error complexity/s...
Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine the attendance and success rates for seniors i... more Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine the attendance and success rates for seniors in voice therapy, identify any contributing patient-related factors, and compare results to existing findings for younger patients. Method This retrospective study included information from the voice records of 50 seniors seen by the same speech-language pathologist in a private practice. Analysis of attendance and outcome data divided participants into 6 groups. Outcomes for Groups 1–3 (64% of patients) were considered successful (positive voice change), while outcomes for Groups 4–6 (36% of patients) were considered unsuccessful. These data were compared to similar data collected for younger adults in a previous study. Results The attendance and success rates for seniors in this study were higher than those previously reported for younger patients. Further consideration of patient factors revealed that reports of increased stress, Reflux Symptom Index scores > 13, and higher Voice Ha...
This study considers adults' perception of subtle differences in the error productions of /r/... more This study considers adults' perception of subtle differences in the error productions of /r/ and /l/ in young children. Given that these two phonemes share a common substitution [w], the potential covert contrast between these three sounds was investigated. The utility of two perceptual rating scales was compared: a linear visual analogue scale (VAS) and a triangular scale that considered the possibility of covert contrast among /r,l,w/. Adult listeners rated speech productions from children with cochlear implants (CIs) and speech age-matched children with normal hearing (NH) as they produced VCV or CV productions with /r,l,w/ in syllable-initial position. Mahalanobis distances of the listener ratings for each stimulus on each rating scale were calculated for analysis. Ultimately, there was no difference between the ratings of the two speaker populations. However, there was a significant difference in the amount of variability captured with each scale. The triangular scale reliably captured more variability in the productions than the linear VAS. The significant effect of scale type on the spread of listeners' responses provides support for the claim that the type of rating system used can capture different aspects of a listener's perceptions, thereby suggesting that the type of rating system used in a study may significantly influence that study's findings.
Part 1 Defining normal ageing: biogerentology implications for the communication sciences, Wojtek... more Part 1 Defining normal ageing: biogerentology implications for the communication sciences, Wojtek J. Chodzko-Zajko, et al the normal ageing voice, Harry Hollien auditory perception by older adults, Karen S. Helfer language and ageing, Loraine K. Obler, et al psychological aspects of ageing, karen Hooker and Kim Shifren minority elders really ain't all alike, Jacquelyne Johnson Jackson and Donald E. Ensley. Part 2 Enhancement of communication skills: maintaining effective interaction skills, Lynne M. Webb, et al improvement of hearing function, Catherine V. Palmer promoting and preserving elders' communication skills, Ruth A. Huntley.
Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 2003
Purpose: A hallmark of autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) is disruption in theory-of-mind developme... more Purpose: A hallmark of autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) is disruption in theory-of-mind development, including the understanding of false beliefs. Previous studies have typically assessed the development of first- and second-order false belief concepts in ASD, with tasks primarily emphasizing physical causality and logical inferencing. The present study investigated how preadolescents and adolescents with ASD performed on false belief tasks that included social inferencing of psychological states as well as logical inferencing of physical states. Method: Two categories of tasks were administered: four traditional logical inferencing tasks and four social inferencing tasks specifically developed for this study. In addition, a prompt hierarchy was included to ascertain if performance on both task types improved. Participants were 45 children and adolescents primarily selected from three urban school districts: 15 adolescents with a previous diagnosis of ASD (ASD group); 15 typically d...
American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 2007
Purpose To evaluate the role of dialect on phonemic awareness and nonword spelling tasks. These t... more Purpose To evaluate the role of dialect on phonemic awareness and nonword spelling tasks. These tasks were selected for their reliance on phonological and orthographic processing, which may be influenced by dialect use. Method Eighty typically developing African American children in Grades 1 and 3 were first screened for dialect use and then completed a standardized test of phonological processing and a nonword spelling measure. The influence of dialect was analyzed in both experimental tasks, followed by a qualitative analysis of dialect use in nonword spellings. Results Dialect density measures based solely on the use of African American English (AAE) phonological features explained few differences in phonological processing scores. In contrast, correlations indicated that children with higher dialect densities produced more nonword spelling errors influenced by AAE, an effect most evident in Grade 3. Qualitative analyses revealed AAE phonological features occurring in many of the...
Page 121. 5 Language Variation and Struggling Readers: Finding Patterns in Diversity Elaine R. Si... more Page 121. 5 Language Variation and Struggling Readers: Finding Patterns in Diversity Elaine R. Silliman Ruth Huntley Bahr University of South Florida Louise C. Wilkinson Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey Candida ...
Multilingual Aspects of Speech Sound Disorders in Children, 2012
Page 288. 29 Translation to Practice: Metalinguistic Considerations for Cuban Spanish-English Bil... more Page 288. 29 Translation to Practice: Metalinguistic Considerations for Cuban Spanish-English Bilingual Children Ruth Huntley Bahr and Felix Matias Languages mentioned: American English, Cuban Spanish The Link between ...
Purpose Morphology, which is a bridge between phonology and orthography, plays an important role ... more Purpose Morphology, which is a bridge between phonology and orthography, plays an important role in the development of word-specific spellings. This study, which employed longitudinal sampling of typically developing students in Grades 3, 4, and 5, explored how the misspellings of words with derivational suffixes shed light on the interplay of phonological, orthographic, and morphological (POM) linguistic features as students learn to integrate POM features appropriately to generate correct spellings. Method Sixty typically developing Grade 3 students were tested using the Spelling subtest from the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test-Second Edition (Wechsler, 2001) and were divided into superior, average, and poor spellers. Students' spelling skill was then assessed using the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test-Second Edition annually for another 2 years. Misspelled derivations from these three testing sessions were analyzed for linguistic feature errors and error complexity/s...
Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine the attendance and success rates for seniors i... more Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine the attendance and success rates for seniors in voice therapy, identify any contributing patient-related factors, and compare results to existing findings for younger patients. Method This retrospective study included information from the voice records of 50 seniors seen by the same speech-language pathologist in a private practice. Analysis of attendance and outcome data divided participants into 6 groups. Outcomes for Groups 1–3 (64% of patients) were considered successful (positive voice change), while outcomes for Groups 4–6 (36% of patients) were considered unsuccessful. These data were compared to similar data collected for younger adults in a previous study. Results The attendance and success rates for seniors in this study were higher than those previously reported for younger patients. Further consideration of patient factors revealed that reports of increased stress, Reflux Symptom Index scores > 13, and higher Voice Ha...
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