RACHEL MONTEIRO

Biofilm on dental unit waterlines can spread microbial contamination in the water. The aim of this study was to investigate microbial contamination of water from supplies and dental units before and after the implementation of a protocol for microbial quality improvement and maintenance of dental unit water. The microbial load was evaluated in water from 27 taps and dental units (reservoirs, air-water syringes and highspeed outputs without handpieces) using the PetrifilmT system (total aerobic bacteria and fungi) and conventional culture media (enterobacteria and Legionella spp.). The bacterial load in water samples from taps and reservoirs was within the parameter established by Brazilian legislation (<500CFU/mL); but the bacterial load in samples from air-water syringes and high-speed outputs without handpieces was not. The implementation of the protocol for the maintenance of microbial quality in dental unit water reduced bacterial load in highspeed outputs without handpieces ...

Cross-infection in contrast injectors is still a subject under discussion with little understanding. This study evaluated the biosafety of non-return valves (NRVs). Initially, the maximum pressure during backflow of intact and disrupted flexible diaphragms (FDs) from NRVs, as well as the functionality of connectors with NRVs were verified. The performance of air columns interposed by water in connectors with NRVs was analyzed, and the diffusion distance of crystal violet through connectors with NRVs was measured. The efficacy of NRVs as a barrier to bacterial contamination from backflow was evaluated. Finally, a clinical study of bacteriological contamination from syringes was conducted. There were differences among the maximum tolerated pressure by intact and disrupted FDs. Disrupted FDs showed no failures in the functionality of connectors with NRVs based on the lack of air bubbles released. Air columns could move through connectors with NRVs with intact and disrupted FDs. The lon...

To map the scientific production about biofilms formation and prevention on urinary catheters. It is a bibliometric, exploratory, and descriptive research performed in Web of Science™, in three stages, and utilizing HistCite™ software. In this regard, descriptors “Biofilm*” AND “Urinary Catheter*” were utilized within the period between 1945 and 2016. A total of 329 articles about biofilm on urinary catheter were found from 1985 to 2016. These articles were written by 1,262 authors from 452 institutions located in 50 countries. The relation among the 15 selected articles, the most impacting ones, evidences the existence of experimental researches; most of them was in vitro. The control of biofilm formation on urinary catheters remains as a major challenge in the health area, because new ways are necessary to improve the prevention and minimization of this phenomenon.

Objective: To evaluate bacterial load of water using and not using sodium hypochlorite aiming at bacterial control of dental unit water. Method: Dental unit reservoirs from a dental clinic from School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto -USP were filled with public-supply water with and without sodium hypochlorite solution at 0.0003%, and water samples were collected and evaluated by Petrifilm™ AC (Aerobic Count) system from 2014 to 2017. Results: No bacterial contamination was observed in the water samples using sodium hypochlorite solution. However, bacterial contamination was detected in water from reservoirs, air-water syringes and high-speed outputs (without handpieces) without the disinfectant. Conclusion: The use of sodium hypochlorite solution controlled bacterial load of all the dental unit water samples as established by Brazilian legislation (<500CFU/mL).

Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a influência do tempo de exposição e calibre na formação de biofilme em cateteres urinários de Foley (CUFs). Método: Pesquisa in vitro com amostras de fragmentos de CUFs em látex siliconizado de diferentes calibres (n° 14 e n° 16 Frenchs). A urina artificial foi confeccionada, inoculada com bactérias-padrão Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) e Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) e incubada a 37 °C por 24 horas e 72 horas. As análises foram realizadas por meio de cultura (carga bacteriana) e microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Resultados: Não houve diferença na carga bacteriana dos biofilmes formados nas superfícies dos CUFs com relação aos diferentes calibres (p > 0,05). Por outro lado, o tempo de exposição (24 horas e 72 horas) foi o fator determinante para formação do biofilme de P. aeruginosa nos CUFs (p < 0,05). Conclusão: O tempo de exposição influenciou a formação do biofilme de P. aeruginosa nos CUFs, independentemente dos calibres.

Resumo Objetivo: Identificar os agentes antimicrobianos utilizados na prevenção da formação de biofilme em marcapassos artificiais. Métodos: Revisão da literatura para responder a seguinte questão: “Quais agentes antimicrobianos são usados para prevenir a formação de biofilmes em marcapassos artificiais?” As bases de dados PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane, CINAHL, Embase e LILACS foram consultadas em todos os idiomas sem restrição de tempo. Resultados: A amostra final apresentou cinco estudos primários, sendo a maioria experimental. As investigações identificaram agentes com potencial para a redução ou inibição da formação de biofilmes em marcapassos. Destacou-se a associação de agentes físico-químicos e farmacológicos aos agentes antimicrobianos. Conclusão: A prevenção da formação de biofilmes em marcapassos é viável. Os agentes mais promissores para obter este efeito foram a rifampicina, AIGIS®, a formulação aquosa neobactrim e a cobertura com trimetilsilan...

The aim of the present study was to evaluate, in vitro, the effect of different pre-irradiation times of the photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy in biofilms formed by Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans, through the evaluation of the microbial load. The factors under study were as follows: times of pre-irradiation of the photosensitizer in three levels (1, 2, or 5 min). For the control of the cariogenic dental biofilm with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), methylene blue (0.01%) was used in association with the diode laser (InGaAlP) with a wavelength of 660 nm. Chlorhexidine digluconate (0.12% CHX) and saline were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. The study design was carried out in complete and randomized blocks. The sample consisted of 15 S. mutans biofilms cultures, randomly divided into five groups and 15 C. albicans cultures, also divided into five groups. The experiment was performed in triplicate (n = 3) and the response variables were o...