Peter J Piaseckyj

Ukrainian Nationalism in the Age of Extremes, An Intellectual Biography of Dmytro Dontsov Harvard University Press (Harvard Series in Ukrainian Studies) – May 4, 2021
by Trevor Erlacher
This book is a breath of fresh air in the arid intellectual writings about the Ukrainian struggle for independence in the 20 th century and the struggle to form a political Ukrainian nation in the 21 st century. This is the first English-language biography of, Dmytro Ivanovych Dontsov (1883-1973), the "spiritual father" of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists. He was a Ukrainian nationalist writer, publisher, journalist, and political thinker whose ideas were a major influence on the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists.

A Russian in Berlin Paperback – November 13, 2021, by Alexander J. Motyl (Author)

Few writers can write a politico-philosophical satire with the bravura of our polymath author. Alexander John Motyl an American historian, political scientist, moral philosopher, poet, writer, translator, and artist-painter. He is a resident of New York City and a professor of political science at Rutgers University in Newark, New Jersey and a specialist on Ukraine, Russia, the Soviet Union, and the historical development and structure of empires.

Василь Каразин
Архітектор Відродження
Юрій Лавріненко
Видавництво «Сучасність» Мюнхен, 1975

Раптове перетворення "Маленьких росіян / Малоросів" на українців потребує короткого пояснення. За словами Юрія Лавріненка, випускника Харківського університету та потужного вченого, політизовання слів Україна та українців ходом розвивалася під час “Українського Ренесансу”. Ренесансе охоплювало час від скасування 1782 року гетьманських полків та адміністрацій, до арешту членів Кирило – Мефодіївського брацтва у березні 1847 року. Тарас Шевченко (1814-1861), батько Української нації, був членом брацтва, був заарештований, а потім засланий. Архітектором Українського Ренесансу був Василь Каразин (російська транслітерація Каразін), засновник 1805 року Харківського університету. Він був організаторський ґеній цього інтелектуального руху. Ви можете завантажити цю надзвичайну книжку про "Каразина" в,
http://diasporiana.org.ua/istoriya/2170-lavrinenko-yu-vasil-karazin-arhitekt-vidrodzhennya/.

ЛАВРІНЕНКО Юрій Андріанович (псевдоніми – Ю. Ясен, Ю. Дивнич, Ю. Гайдар; 03.05.1905–14.12.1987)
http://resource.history.org.ua/cgi-bin/eiu/history.exe?Z21ID=&I21DBN=EIU&P21DBN=EIU&S21STN=1&S21REF=10&S21FMT=eiu_all&C21COM=S&S21CNR=20&S21P01=0&S21P02=0&S21P03=TRN=&S21COLORTERMS=0&S21STR=Lavrinenko_Yu_A

Плохий пише в свої книжці “Втрачене царство: пошуки імперії та встановлення російської нації”, що саме напередодні "Переяславської угоди" Гетьманщина переговори провадила не лише з Московією та Польщею, але найбільш зацікавлюють це переговори, і найменше про яких написано, то це переговори між Хмельницьким і султаном Османської імперії в 1651 році, і де вони урядово обмінялися посольствами. Турки домовлялися з Хмельницьким як з князем (емір) України, і хотіли такого володарства, якого в той час мала сучасна Молдова та Валахія. Будучи еміром, Хмельницький би правив Україною під сюзеренітетом Блискучої Порти, центрального уряду Османської імперії.

Піддатливе спостереження, що козацькі старшини не приймуть мусульманського Сюзерена, є припущенням. Зрештою, Гетьман Дорошенко провів переговори з султаном Мехмедом IV Османської імперії влітку 1667 року, щоб прийняти Україну під сюзеренітет султана. Мехмед IV пообіцяв відправити Дорошенкови владні символи - клейноди / знаки - і направити повноважного представника на присягу. Після Полтавської битви в 1709 році "Стара Січ" була зруйнована, це твердиня/козацьке селище, на ріці Дніпро, а в середині ріки Кам'янці була збудована ще одна Січ, де в 1711 році - знову зруйнована московськими військами. Козаки тоді перейшли до Кримського ханства (Османська влада), щоб уникнути переслідувань та заснувати Олеську Січ, 1711-1734 роках.  Інший приклад - після знищення Запорозької Січі наказом Катерини II в 1775 році, близько 5,000 Запорозьких козаків, установилися за Дунаєм, Задунайську Січ, під охороною Османського султана.

Наскільки я знаю, в Українськім науковім інституті Гарвардського університету (УНІГУ) не було видано жодної книжки чи монографії на тему переговорів Гетьманщини з Османською Імперією! Незважаючи що там є тюркські фахівці, котрі провели поважний час в османських архівах в Стамбулі.
На щастя, Лариса Гвоздик Пріцак, дружина професора Омеляна Пріцака, першого Михайло Грушевський професора української історії Гарвардського університету, провідним авторитетом тюркських студій, був науковий радник книжки Лариси Гвоздик Пріцак , "Основні міжнародні договори Богдана Хмельницького 1648-1657 рр.". Це чудова наукова історична робота з зовнішньополітичної діяльності українського гетьмана Запорізького війська (Хмельницький). Гетьман уклав з Османською імперією три договори: 1648, 1650 і 1651 рр. Книжка була видана Національною академією наук України (НАН), надрукована, Харківська "Акт", 2003. В “ УНІГУ ” потрібно перекласти цю книжку на англійську мовою! Можна завантажити цю надзвичайну книжку в електронні мережі, під:
<http://history.org.ua/LiberUA/966-7021-70-%D0%A0%D2%90/966-7021-70-%D0%A0%D2%90.pdf>

All of Western Ukraine, which includes Zakarpattia and of which Magocsi writes was Rusyn. My father told me and he was a witness to these events that in 1917 in L’viv when the blue and yellow flag went above the Rathaus (city hall) we became Ukrainians. Most American Rusyns came to North America before the Independence of Western Ukraine and the Ukrainian National Republic.

http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CW%5CE%5CWesternUkrainianNationalRepublic.htm

http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CU%5CK%5CUkrainianNationalRepublic.htm

My father eng. Petro “Pik” Piaseckyj wrote in his memoir “...as to the Piaseckyj family, the Piaseckyj family is Rusyn (PJP: today Rusyn is Ukrainian), very ancient, going back to Volodymyr the Great, of Kyiv (reign 980-1015). In my humble opinion, they are nobles of the Croatian (Khorvaty) nation, because the location and area of their activities encompasses the Ukrainian-Polish border, Syanitchyna (Syanok), Peremyshchyna (Peremyshel’), Bus’k, Polotsk, Sandomyr.

The family traces their origin to Pisechno (in Polish Piasechno) in the Syanitchyna or Peremyshchyna region. From there the family spread through the whole border area. Polish chroniclers write that Boleslaw the Valiant (967-1025) knighted a Piaseckyj, which seems very probable. (2)

After the death of Svyatoslav (reign 944-973), the Rus’ empire because of his son’s civil wars for the throne of Kyiv and fratricide the empire was weakened. (3)

In the year 992, Boleslaw the Valiant becomes the King of Krakow. He has ambitions to rule over the Khorvat-Rus’ lands that are under the suzerainty of Rus’ (campaign against Kyiv in 1018). The Khorvat-Rus’ nation occupies both sides of the Carpathian Mountains, from the source of the Vystula river to Sandomyr and the mouths of the Buh and Styr rivers, Kolomyia (Ivano-Frankisvske), and the Tartar Trail-Zakarpattia. (4)

One can write a great deal about the Piaseckyj family. Their names are without a doubt Rusyn. They spread out from Pisechno and received many different heraldic insignia, but the main Family branch has the Heraldic Coat of Arms called Janina (Yanina) (5).

Preface to the Second Edition
The world is fuller of peoples than of states. This circumstance often means that descendants of peoples who have no single state of their own cannot simply identify themselves by relying on the general knowledge of others or by pointing to a state outlined on a world map. Such is the lot of the Carpatho-Rusyns, particularly in America, far from their homeland in central Europe. Many Americans will recognize the names of the actresses Lisabeth Scott and Sandra Dee, thinking of them as typical American women; they would not be so likely to recognize their names at birth—Emma Matzo and Alexandra Zuk. Many, too, will have heard of the artist Andy Warhol (“Everyone is famous for fifteen minutes”). A few might recall, if prodded, that one of the Marines immortalized in the famous statue of the raising of the U.S. flag on Iwo Jima was the Carpatho-Rusyn, Michael Strank. Most, though, will know of Carpatho-Rusyns through the brilliant film, Deerhunter, a tale set in Clairton, Pennsylvania, although partially filmed in St. Theodosius Orthodox Cathedral and in the Lemko Hall in Cleveland. It has been the fate of this mostly rural, village-bound people to inhabit a region politically divided at times by Ukraine, Slovakia, Poland, and Hungary—perched across the top portion of the eastern tail, as it were, of Czechoslovakia—and tipping southward into western Ukraine. In religion, this people has for a thousand years turned eastward toward Byzantium. Its language, while related to other Slavic tongues, is distinctive. On the other hand, its geographical proximity to western Europe and to Roman Catholic populations has tied it clearly to the West, as has become yet more evident in the significant migrations of its peoples to the United States and Canada during the past century. This book is an unusually beautiful and clear account of that relatively small but still self-conscious people. It is a welcome addition to our knowledge of the peoples of America and of the world. It sets a model for other peoples, so that they too might tell the story of “our people,” “our memories,” while looking toward “our future.” It is an honor to have been asked to contribute to it. The honor is all the more poignant, since the town of my own birth—Johnstown, Pennsylvania—has been a distinctive place of settlement for Carpatho-Rusyns (or Ruthenians as many prefer to say) in America, and since the town near which all four of my grandparents were born abroad—Prešov in Slovakia—has played so pivotal a cultural role in the history of Carpatho-Rusyns. I can say that I have felt spiritually related to this people all my life, and that, indeed, in my lifetime members of my family (as perhaps more than once before in history) have married into Carpatho-Rusyn families. In a sense, the “Our People” of the title of this volume suggests, too, that the people of this story are part of “our people”—the pluralistic, planetary people of the United States and Canada. It is good to see this story told so well. Michael Novak George Frederick Jewett Chair in Religion and Public Policy American Enterprise Institute Washington, D.C

Our People Carpatho-Rusyns and Their Descendants in North America Paul Robert Magocsi, with prefaces by Oscar Handlin and Michael Novak Multicultural History Society of Ontario Multicultural History Society of Ontario Studies in Ethnic and Immigration History Series Canadian

ISBN: © 1984 by the Multicultural History Society of Ontario Second edition 1985. Third revised edition 1993. © Paul Robert Magocsi Fourth revised edition 2004

History of the Translation
The first edition in Ukrainian was at the same time the first translation of the story into another language. It was made by Ivan Chernyatinsky and published in 1947 by the Prometheus publishing house in Munich  (according to other information in Neu-Ulm ). The Ukrainian version of the dystopian novel was addressed to thousands of Ukrainian "displaced persons" who, after the end of World War II, were in occupied Germany.

Under the pseudonym "Ivan Chernyatinsky", a future renowned Byzantine scholar, chairman of the International Association of Byzantinists, honorary chairman of the Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences in the USA, professor of Harvard University Ihor Shevchenko. It was he who had the idea for the translation, and it was he who suggested that J. Orwell write a preface to the Ukrainian edition. In addition, J. Orwell himself paid for the Ukrainian circulation. From correspondence from publishers, it became known that about 1,500 copies of the novel were confiscated by the US occupying power in Munich and transferred to the Soviet occupation administration by agreement.

PREFACE TO THE UKRAINIAN EDITION OF ANIMAL FARM
WRITTEN BY GEORGE ORWELL, MARCH 1947

Raphael Lemkin, a distinguished lawyer, author of the term genocide and initiator of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, adopted by the United Nations on December 9, 1948 (the UN Convention on Genocide), regarded the Holodomor as a part of the Soviet genocide against Ukrainian people.
Rafael Lemkin, Soviet Genocide in Ukraine, New York, NY, 1953
https://web.archive.org/web/20120302234607/http://www.uccla.ca/SOVIET_GENOCIDE_IN_THE_UKRAINE.pdf
Yet the recognition of the Holodomor as genocide at the international level is still a matter of concern.
International lawyer and scholar Kateryna Bondar kindly agreed to the interview with freelance observer Peter J. Piaseckyj to discuss her approach to this immensely fought over issue of the Holodomor as Genocide.

Kateryna Bondar at the Master of Law program (LLM) at the Harvard Law School wrote a master's thesis on “The Ukrainian Famine of 1932-1933 as Genocide under International Law," supervised by Professor Grainne de Burca, May 2011. If someone wants to obtain the thesis of Ms. Kateryna Bondar, please contact piaseckyj@gmail.com.
Kateryna argues in her work, "The Ukrainian famine (Holodomor), being one of the major tragedies in the Ukraine's and world history, constitutes genocide under international law, and it has to be classified and recognized as genocide on the international level.”

The best researched  historical account of the 14th Waffen-SS Galicia Division (also known as the 1st Ukrainian Division of the Ukrainian National Army). In 1943/1944 a determined group of young men and women in Galicia volunteered to serve in a combat division destined for eastern front combat. Their goal: to engage and destroy the Soviet hordes menacing their homeland and to counter Nazi Germany's subjugation of their country. Although initially Galicia's Volunteers would serve in a German sponsored military formation, in actuality the volunteers of the Galicia division wanted to engage all hostile ideologies-both from the east and west-in order to secure a free independent Ukraine. The division's history is presented along with a human aspect of what the soldiers endured during the brutal battles on the eastern front.

Preface
Every idea has its time. Thoughts that may be unthinkable or heretical to
one generation may become commonplace and acceptable to another. At
least among intellectuals and in an academic community, one hopes that
there is enough courage to take on unusual ideas and to consider them
carefully, dispassionately and with self-critical candour. One such idea is
Jewish-Ukrainian relations.
For some years now, academicians in various countries have had the
courage to suggest that it may be the propitious time to undertake a dis-
cussion of Jewish-Ukrainian relations. A number of efforts, on an indi-
vidual and collaborate basis, have been undertaken. Small meetings, dis-
cussions and public conferences have taken place. On the basis of these
preliminary dialogues and with the urging of a wide variety of eminent
scholars and community leaders, it was decided in early 1983 that a full-
scale, organized conference of eminent scholars in the field should take
place. The resulting Conference on Jewish-Ukrainian Relations in Histor-
ical Perspective took place at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario,
from 17 to 20 October 1983.
Two eminent scholars, in particular, showed the collaborative spirit
and strong desire to ensure the success of this conference-Professor
Omeljan Pritsak of Harvard University and Professor Shmuel Ettinger of
the Hebrew University. From the early planning stages of this conference
to its conclusion, both gentlemen offered the support, intellectual guid-
ance and commitment to honest discussion so urgently needed in such an
undertaking. It is to these two gentlemen that this volume, which repre-
sents the papers and the proceedings of the conference, is dedicated.
The scope of the conference was exceedingly ambitious. As a result,
the papers range across ten centuries of an extremely complex relation-ship between Jews and Ukrainians. It is to the credit of the contributors
that they have undertaken their tasks with honesty, scholarship and open-
ness. Dr. Richard Pipes, Dr. George Gajccky, Dr. Roman Szporluk, Mr.
Boris Stein and Dr. Andrzej Kaminski, all of whom made major contribu-
tions to the conference, have decided not to submit their papers for publi-
cation. Dr. Alexander Baran, a participant at the conference and a
chairman of one of the sessions, submitted a paper to us following the
conference conceming Jewish-Ukrainian relations in Transcarpathia. We
have decided to include this important contribution in this volume.
As editors, we have tried to offer counsel, editorial guidance and ad-
vice to the contributors of the papers in their revisions. However, the per-
spectives and views expressed by the various scholars in their papers
reflect their own-and at times highly personal-perspectives on the
problems under examination. The final versions of their papers remain
their own responsibility. We have also included the written records of the
round-table discussion and the session of the conference that dealt with
Jews and Ukrainians in Canada. The spirit of openness, sincerity and co-
operation that marked the proceedings of the entire conference comes
through very clearly in these two sessions.
Many individuals and institutions contributed generously to the orga-
nization. funding and success of the conference. Among them are: the
Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies at the University of Alberta and
its former director, Dr. Manoly R. Lupul; McMaster University and its
president. Dr. Alvin A. Lee, Vice-President Academic, Dr. Les J. King,
and Dean of the Faculty of Social Sciences, Dr. Peter J. George: the
Chair of Ukrainian Studies at the University of Toronto and its holder.
Dr. Paul R. Magocsi; the Bronfman Family Foundation, whose grant as-
sisted the publication of this volume; the Women's Branch of the Ukrain-
ian Canadian Committee in Hamilton; the Harvard Ukrainian Research
Institute and its director, Dr. Omeljan Pritsak: the Center for Russian and
East European Studies at the University of Michigan and its former direc-
tor, Dr. Zvi Gitelman, the Hadassah-WIZO (Women's International
Zionist Organization) of Hamilton; and the Multicultural Directorate, De-
partment of the Secretary of State, Government of Canada.
It is with deep sadness that we publish Professor Ivan L. Rudnytsky's
paper. the last that he presented before his untimely death. It is appropri-
ate that the thoughts, erudition and, above all. courage that he brought to
the discussion or Jewish-Ukrainian relations stand now as his final
scholarly contribution.
Howard Aster
Peter J. Potichnyj

Introduction
Viewed in historical perspective the question of Ukrainian-Jewish relations is an extremely important one, not only as regards the Ukrainian and Jewish peoples, but also in the light of world peace and international well-being. First of all, a substantial part of Europe's Jewish population lived in Ukraine for several centuries. There they shared the lot of the Ukrainian people in their misery and the ongoing struggle for freedom and national emancipation. Relations between Jews and Ukrainians were clouded at times by mutual accusations that followed upon bitter conflicts affecting both peoples adversely. During both World War I and World War II the interrelations of Ukrainians and Jews reached the highest point of tension. It was at these times that the Ukrainians were making supreme efforts to attain freedom and national independence. They had to wage a long drawn out and desperate struggle, at times against two or even three aggressive neighbors who had designs on the natural resources of Ukraine. With that in view, these neighbors opposed the aspirations of the Ukrainian people to freedom and national statehood. As one of the largest and most active minorities in Ukraine, the Jews often found themselves between hammer and anvil. They endeavored to maintain ronunlikely neutrality, or else found themselves associated with forces that the Ukrainians came to oppose as they reached for independence. This situation, unhappily for both groups, occasioned tension and recriminations. Jews charged that Ukrainians were anti-Semitic, while Ukrainians maintained that the Jews en masse were supporting Russian policies and were providing personnel for the Russian communist police apparatus in Ukraine. Fortunately for both peoples, these charges are greatly exaggerated. While anti-Semitic excesses occurred in Ukraine during the revolution, and especially during the Nazi occupation of Ukraine in 1941-44, these oannot be charged to the Ukrainian people as such All the historical evidence proves the opposite. The Ukrainian community rejected the anti-Semitic pogroms as inconsistent with the Ukrainian democratic traditions and way of life. During the short-lived Ukrainian independent state (1918
1920)) the Jews were granted national-personal autonomy in Ukraine. Jewish ministers were appointed to the Ukrainian government. The Hebrew language was on the currency of the Ukrainian government. In the time of Hitler's barbarous rule in Ukraine) hundreds of Ukrainians were executed by the Gestapo for giving help and shelter to persecuted and hunted Jews. The late Metropolitan Andrew Sheptytsky of the Ukrainian Catholic Church issued two notable pastoral letters in defense of Jews. Subsequently Himmler is said to have ordered his arrest. It was only the Nazi debacle at Stalingrad that dissuaded the Nazi police from arresting Metropolitan Sheptytsky. On the other hand) while some Jews occupied prominent positions in the NKVD and MVD before and during World War II and served in Ukraine in the generally oppressive apparatus of Oommunist Russia) the rank and file of Jews in Ukraine suffered just as much from Moscow)s totalitarian rule as did the Ukrainians. Today the situation has changed to an appreciable degree. The Jews have succeeded in establishing their own state of Israel)' there thousands of Jews) including a great number from Ukraine) have found a new life in freedom. But the Ukrainians are still enslaved and persecuted. And some 900POO or 1POOPOO Jews still in Ukraine experience with them the ruthless oppression and persecution directed by the Kremlin. Moscow has always played the classic game of divide et impera (divide and rule). It has been using anti-Semitism as a powerful weapon against Jews and Christians alike. The notable example was the publication in 1963 in Kiev of Judaism without Embellishment, by Prof. Trofim K. Kichko, under the auspices of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR. This understandably created worldwide indignation and protests. Some Jewish leaders unthinkingly ascribed the publication of the book to "Ukrainiasi anti-Semitism/) failing to discern that the true culprit was the Soviet government itself. Today Prof. Kiohkds book has been withdrawn from circulation and he himself is said to have been assigned some obscure post in the Soviet admistration. But damage to the Ukrainian name was done with tening effect. Such was the intention of Moscow in ordering the publication of Prof. Kichko's book in the first place. The approach to a positive solution of the Ukrainian-Jewish problem should not be obscured by either hatred or emotion. The fact is that the future of Ukrainian-Jewish relations very much depends upon the leaders of these two peoples on this side of the Iron Curtain. They should exercise judicious wisdom in appraising
and analyzing the relations which have bound the two peoples for centuries. With such an aim in mind) this Symposium is being published by the Ukrainian Congress Committee of America. It includes a number of Jewish writers: Leo Heiman and Dr. M. Broida of Israel)' Dr. Judd Teller and Eugene Sanjour of the United States. There also are articles by outstanding Ukrainian American writers: Dr. Matthew Btachiso, Prof. Roman Smal-Stocki, Dr. Lew Shankowsky, Dr. Lev E. Dobriansky and Walter Dushnuck, There are historical testimonies of several Ukrainian and Jewish witnesses about the assistance given to Jews by Ukrainians during the Nazi occupation of Ukraine in 1941-44. There are included official statements and pronouncements of the Ukrainian government regarding Jewish autonomy and the pogroms in Ukraine, statements of the Ukrainian Congress Committee of America and the Ukrainian Canadian Committee denouncing the anti-Semitic publication in Kiev, and other important statements. It is sincerely hoped that this Symposium will provide important source material for those interested in the plight of Jews in the Soviet communist empire, and also for those who study the history of the Ukrainian people and their aspiration to freedom and independence. THE EDITORS

ABSTRACT
This paper deals with the submarine pipeline installed on the bottom. It summarizes the state of the art in submarine pipeline foundation design as extracted from publications available to the practicing engineer. In particular, it covers the quantitative evaluation of initial settlement. Various methods of analysis, using accepted theories of soil mechanics, are compared and evaluated.

Practical problems with which the practicing engineer is faced are identified and discussed. These include the major problems associated with soils sampling, soils analysis and development of an analytical approach.

A pragmatic approach to evaluating initial settlement of a pipeline is developed.

Areas in which research and development might be of most immediate benefit are suggested.

Amazon.com Book Review 4.0 out of 5 stars
A must read for the informed American reader!
By Peter J. Piaseckyj on January 11, 2016 (edited September 12, 2019)
I believe John Herbst, former US Ambassador to Ukraine, best characterizes the book with his critique, quote “Serhii Plokhy offers a short yet comprehensive history of Ukraine that contextualizes Mr. Putin's current policies as aggression against the wishes of the Ukrainian people, as well as the order established at the end of the Cold War. A pleasure to read, The Gates of Europe will take those familiar with the Moscow narrative on a mind-expanding tour of Ukraine's past."

Painful Subjects

There are two painful topics covered in the book which need comment. One is the Holodomor. Prof. Plokhy prefers to use the term “Great Ukrainian Famine”! Why is the Holodomor not listed in the Index? What is the reason? The deposed President of Ukraine Yanukovych also delisted the Holodomor from his presidential web site!? The “Great Ukrainian Famine” is discussed on pages 249 to 254. *

* Kateryna Bondar wrote a master's thesis on “The Ukrainian Famine of 1932-1933 as Genocide under International Law “in 20111 at the Harvard Law School provides the answer for the Soviet educated Prof. Plokhy’s position! …” Indeed, there are several different positions observed in scholarly works on the understanding of the Holodomor. One of them is that the famine was unexpected, an unwanted result of Stalin's collectivization, grain procurement policies and ineffective administrative management, and was a tragedy common to all peoples/nations of the USSR. Mostly Russian scholars hold to this position. A significant number of the scholars believe that the famine was artificial, and Stalin created it in order to force collectivization, that is, the famine was class (peasant) genocide. “…

The other is Ukraine’s fight for freedom during the period of 1940 to 1960, discussed on pages 245 to 305.

On both subjects, it seems Prof. Plokhy’s early educational experience in the former Soviet Union have had an influence on his emotional historical world view.

Holodomor
On the topic of Plokhy’s “Great Ukrainian Famine” he puts his bet on 4 million Holodomor victims, whereas Timothy Snyder puts his bet on 2.4 victims Holodomor victims.

What I don’t understand, is why historians ignore Duranty’s, Stalin’s, and Khrushchev's statements on the Holodomor, as well as the confirming census figures for the Soviet Union. In 1926 there were 31,195,000 Ukrainians within the USSR and in 1939 there were 28,111,000. A decrease of 11%! In 1926 there were 77,791,000 Russians within the USSR and in 1939 there were 99,591,000 Russians. An increase of 28%!

In 1934 Walter Duranty, a reporter for the New York Times, privately reported to the British embassy in Moscow that as many as 10 million people may have died, directly or indirectly, from the famine in the Soviet Union (predominantly Ukrainian ethnographic regions) in the previous year. One should know that Duranty played a major role in shielding this massive horror from the rest of the world. The terror famine in Ukraine was one of the great crimes of the 20th century.

Stalin told Churchill that 10 million starved to death in Ukraine!

Khrushchev in his memoirs “Khrushchev Remembers” writes, quote “…I can't give an exact figure because no one was keeping count. All we knew was that people were dying in enormous numbers.”. Khrushchev knows the numbers. He had intimate dealings with Kaganovich, the Project Manager of the Holodomor Project; they must have discussed it over horilka and salo (vodka and fat back). Khrushchev met Lazar Kaganovich as early as 1917 and when in 1925, Kaganovich became Party head in Ukraine, Khrushchev, fell under his patronage and thereafter rose rapidly through the Party ranks. That is why having close links to Kaganovich, Khrushchev as well as Stalin had reliable Holodomor Famine figures. Kaganovich survived to the age of 97, dying in 1991.

Ukraine’s Fight for Freedom (1940 to 1960)
Plokhy’s attitude to Ukrainian’s fighting for Independence reminds me of the Soviet attitudes of the Great Patriotic War (WW II).

Plokhy’s unfortunate statement on page 284, quote …“securing Ukrainian Independence gave way to realities of Ukrainians wearing Nazi Swastikas and putting down the liberation movements of fellow Slavs”… What he is referring to is the Ukrainian 14th Waffen SS which fought Tito’s Communists. Throughout the War this unit only fought communists!

Ukrainians fought in Polish, German and Soviet uniforms. None of them fought for Poland, Germany or Russia. The Ukrainians in the American Army did fight for the United States.

The Swastika that Prof. Plokhy overly emphasizes was in a small insignia, of an eagle with a small wreath in its claws, in which you can barely see a swastika! Every German Army uniform had it. It should be noted that all Soviet military formations wore a Hammer and Sickle and under the Hammer and Sickle insignia and banners the Red Army went on to literally Rape “liberated Europe”.

Ukrainians had the only military formations in WW II, the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA), to fight both Totalitarian Empires, German and Russian. In 1970 in Argentina I spoke with a young man from Volyn in Ukraine who told me, that in 1961 he was a witness to a military action by Ukrainian Insurgents in Volyn.

All the Ukrainians that I had spoken with, told me that they fought for an Independent Ukraine, and not as Plokhy implies for the Nazis. See Michael O. Logusz “Galicia Division: The Waffen-SS 14th grenadier Division 1943-1945” and {Маців Б. “ У 45 Українська Дивізія << Галичина>> Історія у світлинах від заснування у 1943 р. до звільнення з полону 1949 р.} , ISBN 978-966-1518-19-2.

Боротьба українського народу у Другій оптовій війні й досі трактується крізь призму Совєтських стереотипів. Затиснені з лещата ДВОХ імперій - комуністичної < нацистської - українці прагнули здобути свою державність і використовували для цього всі можливості. В альбомі -Українська ДИВІЗІЯ “Галичина” що є першим таким виданням о Україні, вміщено фотографи, які відображають долі вояків Дивізії та шлях, що його вони пройшли. Альбом допоможе читачеві сформувати неупереджене уявлення про боротьбу українського народу в роки Другої світової війни.
Видання викличе інтерес у істориків, політологіє та аса, хто хоче знати правду про героїчні сторінки української історії.

George S. N. LUCKYJ
A nation's literature serves as a mirror of its social and political life. Ukraine, although stateless for most of the twentieth century, is no different in this regard from other lands. Through decades of tremendous political and social changes, Ukrainian literature has reflected the transitions in Ukrainian life.
George S.N. Luckyj provides a survey of the main literary trends of Ukraine, its chief authors, and their works, as seen against the historical background of the present century. He offers his own critical comment and considers as well the opinions of other literary scholars and critics, often in capsule form. Encompassing almost the entire century, the
volume shows the growth, the enforced isolation and near-extinction in the 1930's, and, finally, the very lastest revival of Ukrainian literature.
Luckyj provides information about literary developments both in Ukraine and in the Ukrainian emigration and diaspora. The scope of the volume extends to all Ukrainian literature, wherever it was written, and demonstrates how phenomena inside and outside Ukraine emerge
as complementary.
The book is published in association with the Shevchenko Scientific Society of New York.
GEORGE S.N. LUCKYJ is Professor Emeritus of Slavic Studies, University of Toronto. He is the author of Literary Politics in the Soviet Ukraine and Between Gogol and Shevchenko. He is also the editor of Shevchenko and the Critics, and translator and editor of Pavlo Zaitsev's Taras Shevchenko: A Life.

As the Division's Chief of Staff from January 1944 until its ultimate surrender in May 1945, the author was in an exceptionally favorable position to observe how a large group of Ukrainians reacted to the impending and politically complex crisis on the Eastern Front. The author describes the Division as it was formed in May 1943 and first saw action in July 1944 at Brody, where the major portion of its troops were killed or captured by Soviet forces. In October it was sent to Slovakia and was stationed there until January 1945. Then, by arduous marches under extremely difficult conditions, it was transferred to the mixed nationality area of southern Austria and northern Slovenia. At the war's end the Division retreated farther into Austria, to surrender to the British Army. Most combat was with regular Soviet troops advancing through Hungary toward southeast Austria. Major Heike delineates these operations skillfully and graphically. The memoir is especially valuable for his account of the campaign in Styria - likely to remain the principal source of information on the Division's activities during the last months of World War Two - as well as for the light is sheds on numerous other aspects of Ukrainian involvement in the war. Excellent study.

UKRAINIAN LITERATURE IN THE
TWENTIETH CENTURY:
A READER'S GUIDE
A nation's literature serves as a mirror of its social and political life. Ukraine, although stateless for most of the twentieth century, is no different in this regard from other lands. Through decades of tremendous political and social changes, Ukrainian literature has reflected the transitions in Ukrainian life.

George S.N. Lucky] provides a survey of the main literary trends of Ukraine, its chief authors, and their works, as seen against the historical background of the present century. He offers his own critical comment and considers the opinions of other literary scholars and critics as well, often in capsule form. Encompassing almost the entire century, the volume shows the growth, the enforced isolation' and near-extinction in the 1930's, and, finally, the very latest revival of Ukrainian literature.
Luckyj provides information about literary developments both in Ukraine and in the Ukrainian emigration and diaspora. The scope of the volume extends to all Ukrainian literature, wherever it was written, and demonstrates how phenomena inside and outside Ukraine emerge as complementary.

The book is published in association with the Shevchenko Scientific Society of New York by the University of Toronto Press. Toronto 1992
GEORGE S.N. LUCKYJ is Professor Emeritus of Slavic Studies, University of Toronto. He is the author of Literary Politics in the Soviet Ukraine and Between Gogol and Shevchenko. He is also the editor of Shevchenko and the Critics, and translator and editor of Pavlo Zaitsev's Taras Shevchenko: A Life.
diasporiana.org.com

TOWARDS AN INTELLECTUAL HISTORY OF UKRAINE
This volume presents a collection of major Ukrainian documents dating from 1710 to 1995, with an informative introductory essay by volume editors Ralph Lindheim and George S.N. Luckyj. The texts, many of them translated for the first time and some perhaps unfamiliar even to Ukrainian readers, explore issues that intellectual history has traditionally set out to examine and explain. They touch on religious, philosophical, aesthetic, ethical, sociological, historical, and political ideas, and thereby illuminate significant attitudes, values, ideological commitments, and systems of thought that have crystallized at central moments in the development of Ukraine. Leading Ukrainian writers, scholars, intellectuals, political figures, and statesmen present their views on Ukrainian history, especially as it pertains to relations with Russia, and also discuss their society, literature, culture, and the slow but dramatic formation and growth of a national identity.
The texts gathered here reflect the transformation of Ukraine, in the face of formidable obstacles, into the modern nation that declared its independence in 199 I. They serve, therefore, as a guide to a complex period of several hundred years, which, until now, has too often been considered only as a part of Russian history.
RALPH LlNDHEIM is a member of the Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures at the University of Toronto. GEORGE S.N. LUCKY] is Professor Emeritus, University of Toronto, and author of Ukrainian Literature in the Twentieth Century.
Published in association with the Shevchenko Scientific Society, Inc., New York.

Anthology of Soviet Poetry
Zakhar Honcharuk , editor
Translated from the Ukrainian
The first edition of its kind and caliber, this anthology covers the past 65 years, representing 73 Soviet Ukrainian poets of different generations in all their thematical, technical, and temperamental diversity. Selected with taste and attention, their poems create a vast panorama of life in Soviet Ukraine which ranges from the turbulent and hard years of the Civil (WWI) and Great Patriotic (WWII) wars to the creative time of the first five-year plans and the present day (1982). The voice of the Soviet Ukraine rings out loud and clear in this book, which is an informative guide in every reader's discovery of the poetry of Ukrainian SSR.
PAVLO TYCHINA
MAXIM RYLSKY
VASIL CHUMAK
VASIL ELLAN-BLAKITNY
VOLODIMIR SOSYURA
DMITRO ZAHUL
VALERIAN POLISHCHUK
MIKOLA TARNOWSKY
IVAN KULIK
MIKOLA TERESHCHENKO
PA VLO USENKO
MIKHAILO YOHANSEN
MIKOLA BAZHAN
YEVHEN PLUZHNIK
OLEXA VLIZKO
TEREN MASENKO
VASIL MISIK
SAVA HOLOV ANIVSKY
YEVHEN FOMIN
LEONID PERVOMAISKY
VASIL BOBINSKY
IVAN HONCHARENKO
YURI YANOVSKY
L YUBOMIR DMITERKO
SERHIY VOSKREKASENKO
PETRO DOROSHKO
MIKOLA NAHNIBIDA
KOST HERASIMENKO
MIKOLA SHPAK
IHOR MURATOV
IVAN VIRHAN
ABRAM KATSNELSON
ANDRIY MALISHKO
VALENTINA TKACHENKO
OLEXANDR LEV ADA
PLATON VORONKO
VASIL SHVETS
STEPAN OLIYNIK
OLEXANDR PIDSUKHA
YAROSLAV SHPORTA
ROSTISLA V BRATUN
VIKTOR KOCHEVSKY
ANATOLIY KOSMATENKO
ZAKHAR HONCHARUK
DMITRO PA VLICHKO
VASIL BONDAR
MIKHAILO KLIMENKO
MIKHAILO TKACH
TAM~RA KOLOMIYETS
VOLODIMIR BROVCHENKO
YEVHEN LETYUK
STANISLAV STRIZHENYUK
VOLODIMIR LUCHUK
VOLODIMIR KOLOMIYETS
MIKOLA SINHA YIVSKY
MIKOLA KARPENKO
VITALlY KOROTICH
ROBERT TRETY AKOV
VASIL SIMONENKO
BORIS OLIYNIK
IVAN DRACH
HANNA SVITLICHNA
MIKOLA VINHRANOVSKY
ROMAN LUBKIVSKY
VIKTOR KORZH
PETRO SKUNTS
IRINA ZHILENKO
PETRO OSADCHUK
VOLODIMIR ZABASHTANSKY
LEONID TALALA
I . SVITLANA YOVENKO
PETRO PEREBIYNIS

70500-222
A M205(04)-82 222.82. 4702590200

I have been reading the History of Eurasia and Central/Eastern Europe for the last 60 years. I have to say that when reading the history of Eastern Europe, it is very difficult to follow the history of any one nation in a linear fashion.
This is the best book written on this topic by any historian and believe me I think I have read most of them.

The first problem are the histories written by the victors and then histories written by the defeated.
Second there is the problem of countries popping up and then disappearing and then popping up and so forth ad nauseum.
Third is the problem of multi-national empires.
Fourth there are Nations without political borders or a National ruling elite.
Fifth the National Elites change their national allegiances.
Ultimately we have the book written by Prof. Plokhy and finally all is clear!

Ця книжка є віддих свіжого повітря в висохлім інтелектуальнім писанню про українську боротьбу за незалежність у ХХ столітті та боротьбу за створення політичної української держави у ХХІ столітті. Це перша англомовна біографія Дмитра Івановича Донцова (1883–1973), «духовного батька» Організації Українських Націоналістів. Це був український письменник, видавець, журналіст і політичний націоналістичний мислитель. Завдяки його блискучого писання та красномовству, мислення Донцова мали великий вплив на свідомість багатьох молодих галицьких українців 1930-х рокax та підставовий вплив на Організацію Українських Націоналістів. (1)

Це безсовісно, що до цього часу політичний філософ такого величезного впливу та суперечлива політична постать замовчувалася англомовним науковим письменницьким світом.

У подальшому читанні книжки, однак, я бачу слабкість в неохоті автора до обговорення уникненних білих сторінок української історії 20того століття і це не лише він, а навіть багато українських та західних істориків! В ці рецензії ми обговоримо ці історичні недоліки!

Mazeppa Rides Again! Paperback – May 17, 2023
by Alexander Motyl (Author)

One of only a few authors with the requisite knowledge of history, literature, the arts and writing skills be able to write this phantasmagoria.

The story is based on Lord Byron's (1788-1824) poem Mazeppa in the universe known as the Romantic period. A time of great intellectual and artistic change in Europe. This adventuress tale is about a renowned knight’s troubles, following him through nonlinear time, locations, personages both real and literary and historical. The author adheres to the Romantics credo of individualism, emotion, and nature, and these themes are all evident in Lord Byron's poem Mazeppa and our author’s Mazeppa.

The best current book on the ongoing War in Ukraine! His writing is understandable and has a comfortable feel to it. It is fortunate that Luke Harding chose to write this book! The only weakness in the narrative is the author’s writing to western audience’s sensibilities.

He has years of experience covering Ukraine and Russia as a correspondent he was on the Maidan in Kyiv in 2014 during the Revolution of Dignity, the then President Yanukovych escaped to Russia, and the subsequent first 2014 invasion of Ukraine (Crimea and Donbas). He was also present the day that Russia invaded Kyiv on Thursday February 24, 2022. Putin expected his military to conquer Kyiv by Sunday February 27, 2022, decapitate the Ukrainian leadership and replace them with his handpicked cronies!

I was raised in the Post WW2 Diasporian émigré community. We basically held on to the nationalism of the interwar intelligentsia. Which was not as ideological as that of our Banderite political movement.
The movie “Sniper: The White Raven” distills that uniquely Ukrainian sense of pride, glory and duty into this story of an unlikely soldier and the song "А blizzard engulfed us, Зірвалася хуртовина" describes the Post WW2 Diasporian émigré community and today’s Ukrainian
nationalism.

Book review by Peter J Piaseckyj
Ukrainian Nationalism in the Age of Extremes,
An Intellectual Biography of Dmytro Dontsov
Harvard University Press (Harvard Series in Ukrainian Studies) May 4, 2021 by Trevor Erlacher

This book is a breath of fresh air in the arid intellectual writings about the Ukrainian struggle for independence in the 20th century and the struggle to form a political Ukrainian nation in the 21st century. This is the first English-language biography of, Dmytro Ivanovych Dontsov (1883–1973), the “spiritual father” of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists. He was a Ukrainian nationalist writer, publisher, journalist, and political thinker whose ideas were a major influence on the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists. (1)

On page 435 the author grasps Dontsov’s character and significance in a short succinct paragraph, …. “He crossed the national boundaries-geographic, linguistic, and cultural-that he claimed to regard as sacrosanct with remarkable ease, switching codes and tailoring his persona to new environments, publics, and geopolitical realities. Dontsov not only moved through these contexts, he changed them as well, forcefu1ly articulating a view from within the borderlands of Eastern Europe that epitomized the dilemmas of collaboration and resistance, and of imitation and opposition, faced by those who lived between the two most ideologically virulent and murderous states of Europe's twentieth century. Too often ignored or marginalized, perspectives such as Dontsov's help us understand the definition and redefinition of nations and borders in interwar Eastern Europe as the people who were most directly affected by this bloody process saw it.” … 

Page 448 the author touches upon the new orthodoxy of Western Opinion with regards to today’s Ukrainian Nationalists and Nationalism in Ukraine. The opinion of Nationalists in post-independent Ukraine continues the academic genuflecting to words such as collaboration, fascism, anti-Semitism, ultra‐nationalism, cross‐cultural right‐wing extremism studies to name a few “superlatives”.


https://www.hastingstribune.com/movie-review-ukrainian-war-drama-sniper-the-white-raven-tells-story-of-unlikely-soldier/article_cb4872ca-9b5a-59ec-bc4c-bed3adc54bed.html

We witness the trauma and violence transform his face as he transforms himself in war, but he never questions his quest. All of the Russian soldiers are bullies and sadists; the forthright Ukrainians take up arms because they have to defend their families. The music soars, the blood spatters, the drones swoop. It’s the kind of stirring, patriotic sentiment that no doubt motivates soldiers, or volunteers, and with the war in Ukraine continuing to rage, “Sniper: The White Raven” fits into the proud nationalism that has united the country to fight back against Russia. Bleak existentialism has no purchase here, and “Sniper: The White Raven” distills that uniquely Ukrainian sense of pride, glory and duty into this story of an unlikely soldier.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_LNiWt9lwcI

А blizzard engulfed us, Зірвалася хуртовина

А blizzard engulfed us,
It tramples the fields of grain,
The mother sending her son, |
To the bloody war. | (2)

Зірвалася хуртовина,
Топче збіжжя на лану,
Виряджала мати свого сина,  |
На кривавую війну.          | (2)

"Son you will go, my child,
To an unsparing, brutal battle -
To defend your dear Ukraine, |
Defend your nation. | (2)
     
"Підеш, сину, моя дитино,
У завзятий, лютий бій -
Захищати рідну Україну,      |
Боронити нарід свій.        | (2)

Upon your return, son, I will cover you in garlands
On your rifle will place a guelder rose*,
If you not return - I will weep softly, |
Not to let anyone see my tears. "| (2)

Як вернешся, сину, вквітчаю
Цвіт-калиною твій кріс,
Не вернешся - тихо заридаю,  |
Хай ніхто не бачить сліз."  | (2)

"Oh, I'll return, and, my mother,
When the guelder rose will blooms,
I Will bring the guelder rose to your home,
And the Gold sun of freedom! "

"Ой, вернуся, та, моя мати,
Як калина зацвіте,
Принесу я до твоєї хати      |
Сонце волі золоте!"

*The guelder rose (кalyna) is a symbol of Ukraine. The ruby berries of the guelder rose, according to popular belief, symbolize the courage of people who shed blood for the fatherland in the fight against enemies. Kalyna is a symbol of the native land, the fatherland, the father's house.

I believe John Herbst, former US Ambassador to Ukraine, best characterizes the book with his critique, quote "Serhii Plokhy offers a short yet comprehensive history of Ukraine that contextualizes Mr. Putin's current policies as aggression against the wishes of the Ukrainian people, as well as the order established at the end of the Cold War. A pleasure to read, The Gates of Europe will take those familiar with the Moscow narrative on a mind-expanding tour of Ukraine's past."

The Gray Lady Winked: How the New York Times's Misreporting, Distortions and Fabrications Radically Alter History by Ashley Rindsberg

Ashley Rindsberg should be awarded the John Peter Zenger Prize as a reminder to those of us who do not remember our civic’ classes in Junior High School, one of the first court cases involving freedom of the press in America took place in 1734. British governor William Cosby brought a libel case against the publisher of The New York Weekly Journal, John Peter Zenger, for publishing commentary critical of Cosby’s government. Zenger was acquitted.

Written for the general reading public, he uses the epic tale as the historic canvas on which to tell this fascinating story.  This history is a brilliant exposition of the complex historical twist and turns of Muscovy/Russia, mostly as an empire, since Russia as a Nation is still in the making. Page 320 … “In 1996 Yeltsin appealed to Russian intellectuals, asking for their help in finding a new Russian National idea.”

In this review there are some observations and needed explanations regarding Prof. Serhii Plokhy’s exceptional book.  He is the Mykhailo Hrushevsky Professor of Ukrainian History at Harvard and the director of the university's Ukrainian Research Institute (HURI) and one of a handful of scholars with a thorough understanding of the dynamics of Eurasian history.

The Forgotten Bastards of the EASTERN FRONT is a sequel to Professor Serhii Plokhy’s excellent Yalta, where Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin discussed the allied strategy towards Germany and the future of Europe, a Realpolitik exercise and tragedy for Europe! This book is written on the backdrop of the Yalta Conference and World War II. Оn the basic history of the American Flyers and the airfields in Poltava, Ukraine and the bombing raids in Europe, Plokhy has researched the primary sources expertly, as is his customary practice! Plokhy provides a brief and well-presented general history of Poltava, encompassing the period from the mid-fifteenth to the mid-twentieth centuries. The American airbases in the Poltava Oblast of Ukraine were in the towns of Pyriatyn and Myrhorod and the city of Poltava.