Pappea capensis has been used traditionally in the Limpopo province of South Africa to treat diff... more Pappea capensis has been used traditionally in the Limpopo province of South Africa to treat different diseases caused by viruses or infectious microorganisms such as fungi and bacteria. To date no reports of pro- and anti-inflammatory activity of this plant has been reported so far. The aim of the study was to determine the intro pro- and anti-inflammatory activity of water, ethanoic and methanolic extracts of the pappea capensis wood material. Serial dilutions were prepared at 0, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 μg/mL from each extract, which were subjected to the determination of the pro- and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro by RAW 264.7 cells using Resveratrol as a reference drug. The in vitro screening results for anti- and pro-inflammatory assays showed an increased nitric oxide (NO) production which correlated with each extract cytotoxicity in LPS-activated macrophages. Resveratrol, a known inhibitor of iNOS expression served as a positive control to the regime. There was a notic...
Tuberculosis is a serious public health concern especially in Africa and Asia. Studies describing... more Tuberculosis is a serious public health concern especially in Africa and Asia. Studies describing strain diversity are lacking in the Free State region of South Africa. The aim of the study was to describe the diversity ofMycobacterium tuberculosis(M. tuberculosis) strain families in the Free State province of South Africa. A total of 86M. tuberculosisisolates were genotyped using spoligotyping. A 12-locus mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable-number tandem repeats (MIRU-VNTRs) typing was used to further characterize the resulting spoligotyping clusters. SITVITWEB identified 49 different patterns with allocation to six lineages including Latin-American-Mediterranean (LAM) (18 isolates), T (14 isolates), Beijing (five isolates), S (six isolates), Haarlem (one isolate), and X (five isolates), while 37 (43.0%) orphans were identified. Eight clusters included 37 isolates with identical spoligotypes (2 to 13/cluster). MIRU-VNTR typing further differentiated three spoligoty...
Tuberculosis is a serious public health concern especially in Africa and Asia. Studies describing... more Tuberculosis is a serious public health concern especially in Africa and Asia. Studies describing strain diversity are lacking in the Free State region of South Africa. The aim of the study was to describe the diversity ofMycobacterium tuberculosis(M. tuberculosis) strain families in the Free State province of South Africa. A total of 86M. tuberculosisisolates were genotyped using spoligotyping. A 12-locus mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable-number tandem repeats (MIRU-VNTRs) typing was used to further characterize the resulting spoligotyping clusters. SITVITWEB identified 49 different patterns with allocation to six lineages including Latin-American-Mediterranean (LAM) (18 isolates), T (14 isolates), Beijing (five isolates), S (six isolates), Haarlem (one isolate), and X (five isolates), while 37 (43.0%) orphans were identified. Eight clusters included 37 isolates with identical spoligotypes (2 to 13/cluster). MIRU-VNTR typing further differentiated three spoligoty...
Pappea capensis has been used traditionally in the Limpopo province of South Africa to treat diff... more Pappea capensis has been used traditionally in the Limpopo province of South Africa to treat different diseases caused by viruses or infectious microorganisms such as fungi and bacteria. To date no reports of pro- and anti-inflammatory activity of this plant has been reported so far. The aim of the study was to determine the intro pro- and anti-inflammatory activity of water, ethanoic and methanolic extracts of the pappea capensis wood material. Serial dilutions were prepared at 0, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 μg/mL from each extract, which were subjected to the determination of the pro- and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro by RAW 264.7 cells using Resveratrol as a reference drug. The in vitro screening results for anti- and pro-inflammatory assays showed an increased nitric oxide (NO) production which correlated with each extract cytotoxicity in LPS-activated macrophages. Resveratrol, a known inhibitor of iNOS expression served as a positive control to the regime. There was a notic...
Tuberculosis is a serious public health concern especially in Africa and Asia. Studies describing... more Tuberculosis is a serious public health concern especially in Africa and Asia. Studies describing strain diversity are lacking in the Free State region of South Africa. The aim of the study was to describe the diversity ofMycobacterium tuberculosis(M. tuberculosis) strain families in the Free State province of South Africa. A total of 86M. tuberculosisisolates were genotyped using spoligotyping. A 12-locus mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable-number tandem repeats (MIRU-VNTRs) typing was used to further characterize the resulting spoligotyping clusters. SITVITWEB identified 49 different patterns with allocation to six lineages including Latin-American-Mediterranean (LAM) (18 isolates), T (14 isolates), Beijing (five isolates), S (six isolates), Haarlem (one isolate), and X (five isolates), while 37 (43.0%) orphans were identified. Eight clusters included 37 isolates with identical spoligotypes (2 to 13/cluster). MIRU-VNTR typing further differentiated three spoligoty...
Tuberculosis is a serious public health concern especially in Africa and Asia. Studies describing... more Tuberculosis is a serious public health concern especially in Africa and Asia. Studies describing strain diversity are lacking in the Free State region of South Africa. The aim of the study was to describe the diversity ofMycobacterium tuberculosis(M. tuberculosis) strain families in the Free State province of South Africa. A total of 86M. tuberculosisisolates were genotyped using spoligotyping. A 12-locus mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable-number tandem repeats (MIRU-VNTRs) typing was used to further characterize the resulting spoligotyping clusters. SITVITWEB identified 49 different patterns with allocation to six lineages including Latin-American-Mediterranean (LAM) (18 isolates), T (14 isolates), Beijing (five isolates), S (six isolates), Haarlem (one isolate), and X (five isolates), while 37 (43.0%) orphans were identified. Eight clusters included 37 isolates with identical spoligotypes (2 to 13/cluster). MIRU-VNTR typing further differentiated three spoligoty...
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